cialis

.

.

.....

285

....

286

.

.

..

...

CHAPTER 11.-FICHTE.

Man the Centre—No Materialism .

Perfectibility still Upheld

Two Ideals—Ideal State, Ideal beyond State.

Doctrine of Knowledge-Dialectic. .

Philosophy of Right. Relation to Kant

Property, Natural Rights, Law of Nature .

Organism. .

Right to Live by Labour
Industrial Classes . .

Exclusive Right to Labour
ist Ideal-

“Closed State” .

Meaning of Value

Comfort for All .

Money, not Gold and Silver

The “Closing” (how far mere Protectionism)

The Ephors . .

Property in Land .

Europe a Commercial Republic : : :

Things as They are. · · ·

2nil Ideal —

The final Ideal

Practicability . .

Stages of Human Development

Kinship to Hegel · · · ·

CHAPTER III.-KRAUSE.

Right and Law . . . . . .

Relation to Fichte. .

Influence on Economics . . . . .

.

287

288

289

290

291

291

292

293

293

294

295

295

296

298

. 299

CHAPTER IV.—HEGEL.

All Changing . . .

. . . . .

Not Darwinism .

Subjective and Objective Spirit

Development of Self-consciousness, Development of Freedom in

History . .

“ Philosophy of Right” . .

Right and Duty . . .

Property . . .

. .

Contract.

Civil Injury, Fraud, and Crime

Morality . . . . . .

End and Law to Oneself

Criticism of Kant . .

Requisites of a Moral Act

Reconciliation of Impulse and Law in the Social R

Family :

305

306

307

307

: 308

...

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PAGE

Civil Society . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Wants Unlimited . . . . . . . . . . 309

Division of Labour . . . . . . . . . . 310

Classes :-

(1) Agricultural .

310

(2) Industrial,

311

(3) Public Servants :

311

Competition and Individualism as implying the State

312

Law-making endless

312

313

Corporations.

313

Their Parental Care : “ That no Proletariate exist”

313

Population and Relief of the Poor .

314

Right to Live . .

314

“Free your Colonies” .

Marriage and Honour the two Roots of a State :

315

Guilds . . .

Free Associations as making State “Organic” .

. 316

Volonté Générale . . .

316

State Eternally Necessary

316

Domestic Legislation, International and Cosmopolitan Relations. 317

Coincidence of Rights and Duties .

317

Organism .

317

Church and State ..

Hereditary Monarchy . . .

319

Middle Classes :

320

The People and Public Opinion

320

Parliament and the Press

321

Unity of the State . . . .

The Army . .

321

International Law . .

Universal History. .

322

Note : Literature .

······

315

315

.

.

.

318

.

.

.

.

Book V.-Modern Pbilosopby: Materialistic

Economics and Evolution.

CHAPTER 1.-KARL MARX, ENGELS, LASSALLE.

In what Sense Marx Hegelian ? His Statements in Kapital

Engel's Statements on the Subject . . . . . .

Hegel's Disciples . .

Proudhon, Economic Contradictions .

Marx's Misère de la Philosophie . .

Criticism of Proudhon's Economics

, Metaphysics .

Marx's Own Economics in Misère de la Philosophie

Characteristics of Economists. View of Nature and Art

In Feudalism a Struggle of Opposites ; So Now..

Classification of Economists-Fatalists.

Humanitarians .

Socialists . .

In Kapital :-

Wealth .

Abstract Human Labour and Value in Exchange

Goods, Money, Capital .

Profit and Surplus Value .

An Unsolved Contradiction . . . . . .

.

.

.

.

Laws of Population . .

Historical Economists ..

Purely Economical View of History

Apparent Ideal of Marx . .

Engels more Philosophical than Marx .

Utopian and Scientific Socialism how Distinguished
“The Rational is the Real” . .
Hegel's Dialectic, Conservative and Revolutionary
Materialistic View of History . :

Applied to the Primitive Family

Lassalle-Three Stages of European History

Acquired Rights .

Strength of Socialism

Note : Literature

CHAPTER II.- EPILOGUE.

RELATION OF ECONOMICS TO THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION.

Evolution-how far a Fair Subject of Economical Discussion

.: 355

(1) Philosophical Notion of Evolution . . . . . 356

(2) Darwinian.

“ Natural Selection ” and the Malthusian Theory of Population : 358

“Spontaneous Variation”

Higher Form of Natural Selection, Group against Group

Application to Socialism. .

Disunion of Socialists in Regard to Darwinism

Darwinism and Evolution in (1) Theory of Wealth . . . 362

(2) Production and Distribution

Division of Labour,

362

Sponte Acta ,

· 363

Progress by Experiments

Inheritance of Ideas and Inventions

Currency . . . .

(3) Society and State .

366

All History Economical, but not only Economical.

Buckle, Marx, and Kautsky.

Materialistic View really a Reaction against Political view of

History . .

The Proletáriate—its Claims :

Property, Possession, Value, Limitation

369

Unwise to Advocate Domination of any Class

370

* Art and Revolution" :,

..

· 370

Future Form of Industrial Organization

. 372.

Necessary Requisites of a State . .

. 373

.

.

.

CHAPTER III.-SUMMARY.

Ancient Philosophy. .

Transition
Grotius and Hobbes .
Locke and Hume.
Physiocrats and Adam Smith

Malthus and the other Utilitarians.

Kant and his Successors.

Materialism not an Inseparable Accident of Socialism .
Evolution and Darwinism
Postulates . . . . . . . . .

INDEX

INDEX . . . . . . . . . .

INTRODUCTION.