 | David P. Levine, S. Abu Turab Rizvi - 2005 - 180 стор.
...has a moral and historical element is well known. Smith tells us that a worker's necessities include "not only the commodities which are indispensably...creditable people, even of the lowest order, to be without" (Smith 1937: 821). The process of change in cultural norms was seen to be slow enough that subsistence... | |
 | Steven A. Nyce, Sylvester J. Schieber - 2005 - 428 стор.
...Smith who classified consumer goods as "either necessaries or luxuries." He classified necessaries as "not only the commodities which are indispensably...people, even of the lowest order, to be without." 12 While this concept of minimal need is absolute, it is not universal. For example, Smith explained... | |
 | Janet M. Todd, Janet Todd - 2005 - 516 стор.
...the 'competence'. Adam Smith defined the term competence in its broadest social inclusion, that is, 'whatever the custom of the country renders it indecent...creditable people, even of the lowest order, to be without'.4 But, as John Trusler, a contemporary economist, writes in his Domestic Management (1819),... | |
 | Peter Saunders - 2005 - 170 стор.
...in The Wealth of Nations (1776, p. 351) as a lack of basic necessities, where necessities include: (N]ot only the commodities which are indispensably...necessary for the support of life but whatever the custom renders it indecent for creditable people, even of the lowest order, to be without. Over two centuries... | |
 | Grzegorz W. Kołodko - 2005 - 292 стор.
...poverty line does not satisfy the Adam Smith understanding of necessities which must include not just "the commodities which are indispensably necessary for the support of life" but those which "the custom of the country renders indecent for creditable people, even of the lowest order... | |
 | Peter Mathias - 2006 - 360 стор.
...long ago, when both material standards and levels of expectation were so different: 'By necessities I understand not only the commodities which are indispensably...creditable people, even of the lowest order, to be without. [1] Even with United Nations investigations into the adequacy of diets in poverty, which are potentially... | |
 | John Iceland - 2006 - 225 стор.
...Wealth of Nations, he defined the lack of "necessaries" as the experience of being unable to consume "not only the commodities which are indispensably...people, even of the lowest order, to be without." 3 More recently, Peter Townsend observed that people are social beings who assume many roles in a community—... | |
 | Shereen Ismael - 2006 - 132 стор.
..."The Market Basket Measure is based on the concept of 'necessities' which was defined by Adam Smith as 'whatever the custom of the country renders it indecent...creditable people, even of the lowest order, to be without.'"37 While the poverty rate generated by the preliminary MBM was comparable to that generated... | |
 | Margaret Atkins, Robin Osborne - 2006 - 17 стор.
...define poverty thresholds. Adam Smith's leather shoes are the conventional example: By necessaries I understand not only the commodities which are indispensably necessary for the support of life, but what ever the custom of the country renders it indecent for creditable people, even the lowest order,... | |
 | Neville Morley - 2007 - 103 стор.
...eighteenth-century political economists against the use of the term 'luxury' in economic analysis: By necessaries I understand, not only the commodities which are indispensably...linen shirt, for example, is strictly speaking not a necessity of life. The Greeks and the Romans lived, I suppose, very comfortably though they had no... | |
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By necessaries I understand, not only the commodities which are indispensably necessary for the support of life, but whatever the custom of the country renders it indecent for creditable people, even of the lowest order, to be without. 
