Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, Том 2J.W. Parker and Son, 1849 |
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Сторінка vi
... metals as money , how obtained without making both of them legal tender CHAPTER XI . Of Credit , as a Substitute for Money . § 1. Credit not a creation but a transfer of the means of production ....... 2. In what manner it assists ...
... metals as money , how obtained without making both of them legal tender CHAPTER XI . Of Credit , as a Substitute for Money . § 1. Credit not a creation but a transfer of the means of production ....... 2. In what manner it assists ...
Сторінка viii
... Metals through the Commercial World . § 1. The substitution of money for barter makes no difference in exports and ... metals as money , are of the same value , and dis- tribute themselves according to the same law , with the precious ...
... Metals through the Commercial World . § 1. The substitution of money for barter makes no difference in exports and ... metals as money , are of the same value , and dis- tribute themselves according to the same law , with the precious ...
Сторінка 5
... metals , and especially gold and silver , to serve this purpose . No other substances unite the necessary qualities in so great a degree , with so many subordinate advantages . Next to food and clothing , and in some climates even ...
... metals , and especially gold and silver , to serve this purpose . No other substances unite the necessary qualities in so great a degree , with so many subordinate advantages . Next to food and clothing , and in some climates even ...
Сторінка 6
... metals , the less costly have sometimes been chosen , as iron in Lacedæmon from an ascetic policy , copper in the early Roman republic from the poverty of the people ; gold and silver have been generally preferred by nations which were ...
... metals , the less costly have sometimes been chosen , as iron in Lacedæmon from an ascetic policy , copper in the early Roman republic from the poverty of the people ; gold and silver have been generally preferred by nations which were ...
Сторінка 7
... metal was divided into convenient portions , of any degree of smallness , and bearing a recognised proportion to one another ; and the trouble was saved of weighing and assaying at every change of possessors , an inconvenience which on ...
... metal was divided into convenient portions , of any degree of smallness , and bearing a recognised proportion to one another ; and the trouble was saved of weighing and assaying at every change of possessors , an inconvenience which on ...
Загальні терміни та фрази
accumulation Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount assignats bank notes Bank of England bankers benefit bills bullion capitalists cause cheaper cheapness circulation circumstances coin commerce commodities consequences consumers corn corn laws cost of labour cost of production cultivation currency dealers debt degree demand depend diminished direct tax duty economical effect employed employment England equal equivalent exchange exchange value existing expense exports fall favour France Germany gold greater imports improvement income increase individual industry labour and capital land landlords law of value less loans lower means ment mode necessary obtain Octavo paid payment persons population portion precious metals present principle produce proportion purchase quantity raise rate of interest rate of profit rent revenue rise of price speculation sumers supply suppose taxation things tion tithe trade value of money wages wealth whole yards of cloth
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 484 - The only case in which, on mere principles of political economy, protecting duties can be defensible, is when they are imposed temporarily (especially in a young and rising nation) in hopes of naturalizing a foreign industry, in itself perfectly suitable to the circumstances of the country.
Сторінка 349 - Fourthly, by subjecting the people to the frequent visits and the odious examination of the tax-gatherers, it may expose them to much unnecessary trouble, vexation, and oppression...
Сторінка 121 - It is hardly possible to overrate the value, in the present low state of human improvement, of placing human beings in contact with persons dissimilar to themselves, and with modes of thought and action unlike those with which they are familiar.
Сторінка 506 - Experience, however, proves that the depositaries of power who are mere delegates of the people, that is of a majority, are quite as ready (when they think they can count on popular support) as any organs of oligarchy, to assume arbitrary power, and encroach unduly on the liberty of private life.
Сторінка 349 - The certainty of what each individual ought to pay is, in taxation, a matter of so great importance, that a very considerable degree of inequality, it appears, I believe, from the experience of all nations, is not near so great an evil as a very small degree of uncertainty.
Сторінка 512 - Letting alone, in short, should be the general practice: every departure from it, unless required by some great good, is a certain evil.
Сторінка 122 - ... it may be said without exaggeration that the great extent and rapid increase of international trade, in being the principal guarantee of the peace of the world, is the great permanent security for the uninterrupted progress of the ideas, the institutions, and the character of the human race.
Сторінка 348 - The subjects of every state ought to contribute towards the support of the government, as nearly as possible, in proportion to their respective abilities; that is, in proportion to the revenue which they respectively enjoy under the protection of the state.
Сторінка 348 - The tax which each individual is bound to pay ought to be certain and not arbitrary. The time of payment, the manner of payment, the quantity to be paid, ought all to be clear and plain to the contributor and to every other person.
Сторінка 247 - ... the unlimited, growth of man's power over nature. Our knowledge of the properties and laws of physical objects shows no sign of approaching its ultimate boundaries: it is advancing more rapidly, and in a greater number of directions at once, than in any previous age or generation, and affording such frequent glimpses of unexplored fields beyond, as to justify the belief that our acquaintance with nature is still almost in its infancy.