culators in politics, who go off, [portunities of this upstart set, each in his turn, as he can make who, I was long ago informed, shift to write himself into place. had wriggled themselves into The late ministers .seem to have such a degree of influence over been enamoured with the whole even Mr. Fox, as to obtain from corps, and Lord Henry Petty, in him a pledge upon matters of his wisdom, is said to have great national importance; to freighted a Berwick Smack with them we certainly owe this almost no small portion of it. Some of metaphysical project about the these cadet statesmen were put poor, and particularly the cominto parliament, where (poor pliment to Scotland at the exlads!) they were never heard of pence of his own character. more. Others were made com- Had the compliment been missioners of divers descriptions. true, I should, I hope, have been Others wrote pamphlets about amongst the last to find fault with Slave Trade and the Finances and it; but, I deny its truth; I assert it Tithes and Commerce and Agri- to be false; and my assertions are culture and the Poor, in ex- full as good as the assertions of Mr. pectancy of those high offices, the Whitbread. But I wish the matter anticipated possession of which, not to rest upon assertion. If you alas! they must now exchange try the matter by individual obfor the gauging-rule, and the servation, there is no coming to bottle at the button-hole. a decision, because the assertion on one side is as good as that on the other. Let us appeal, in an instance or two, to acknowledged facts. In general, the resources of countries, as ascertained by the amount of their taxes, compared with their population, is not a very certain way of coming at a criterion whereby to judge of their industry, either positive or relative. But, where there are two countries, under one and the same government, lying adjoin

To this importation of speculators, to their assurance, and to the imbecility of their patrons, we owe, I suspect, all the fine novel projects of Mr. Whitbread and his friends, who seemed desirous of changing every thing but the corruptions, against which they had before so bitterly inveighed.

Mr. Whitbread's preambular compliment to the Scotch, containing so gross an insult to us, had certainly its rise in the im-ing to each other, having both a

due proportion of the offices and paying the whole of the interest emoluments of the state, then the upon their own national debt, and amount of the taxes raised in

wholly maintaining their own ex

each, compared with their respec-pensive government, civil and tive population, is a fair criterion military. whereby to judge of their relative industry, ingenuity and enterprize.

Let us not be put off with an assertion that the customhouse is chiefly in England;

customs bear the same proportion. Nor will any shuffle about barren lands avail the cadets; for, we take not, observe, extent of country, nature of soil, but, population, and the amount of population is always the measure of the means of subsistence.

If this be so, and, I think, it for the other taxes as well as would puzzle the whole corps of the cadet statesmen to overset it, let us refer to the criterion here mentioned. The taxes, raised annually in Scotland, amount to something less than one-seventeenth of the taxes raised in Great Britain. The population of Scotland amounts to something less than one seventh of the population of Great Britain; so that each person in England (including Wales, observe), each of these lazy, vicious English, pays to the state annually much more than double the sum that is paid by each of those industrious and moral traordinary circumstances, given Scotch, of whom our labourers, to emigrate, that people cannot in their hard struggles against be very industrious, nor have, in poverty and misery, are exult

The other instance, which I shall take is grounded upon facts equally undeniable. It will, I think, be admitted, that when the

people of a country are, in times

of tranquillity, and under no ex

ingly told to take an example! any very high degree, the virThe Irish, with a population of tues, which we could wish to four millions; that is to say, a meet with in society. Savages, population amounting to a third who never labour if they can aof Great Britain; the poor abused, despised, wretched Irish, pay two seventeenths of the expences from place to place. Sturdy, oegof our army and navy, besides gars roam from town to town and

void it, are always wandering

from county to county. Change by, the fruit of English labour, of place, change of profession, the fruit of the labour of those, change of employers, " any thing whom the cadet statesmen and ❝rather than work," is the motto silly patrons, have the insolence to of every lazy man in the world. accuse of laziness and vice, and Out of Scotland there have been to whom they hold up the Scotch as an example !

more persons emigrated to Ame

rica, within the last ten years, than We are people that delight, in out of England, in all probability, quacks and pretenders of all within the last hundred years, sorts, otherwise it would have notwithstanding the great supe-been impossible, that the parliariority in the population of the ment, however constituted, suplatter. "They emigrated for posing a majority to be English, "want of work;" no proof, at should, for a moment, have tole-any rate, of industry, of ingenu-rated the false and insulting preity, or of enterprize of the indus-amble, upon which I have been trious sort. Nay, such influence remarking; that they should have the Scotch had, and so fool- have tolerated, in any shape, lish has been the government, that such an outrage upon the orderly upon a report made to parlia- and honest and laborious and ment, that there was danger of a ingenious and persevering and whole district of Scotland being de-patient people of England. populated for want of work money, large sums of money were, and still are, annually granted to set them to work in making canals and bridges and draining lakes in their own country; that is to say,

to live in idleness upon, or, at the

Where did any man, however far he may have travelled, see such cleanliness, such neatness, such attention to ornament as-well as convenience, such care of their animals, such affection and tenderness for their parents and

very best, to improve Scotland children, amongst the labouring

part of the community, as are look for an example to the garvisible in the dress, in the houses, denless and floor-less cabins of

in the gardens and in the domestic

life and manners of English la

Scotland, where the master of

the mansion nestles in at night

bourers? There are more objects in company with his pig or his

of this description in Hampshire alone, though Lord Grenville lately told us that it ought to be no more dear to us than Hanover, for which we will remember him; there are more of these delightful objects in this one coun

cow?

EXTRACT FROM REGISTER,

24 OCTOBER, 1807.

I shall now proceed to reply to what the correspondent has said respecting the state of Scotland. And, here I must beg the reader

ty, than there are, perhaps, in all the world besides, England to bear in mind, that my former excepted. And can I, when I observations were provoked; that daily see these objects, when I the labourers of Scotland had see and admire the dispositions of men, who, though pressed down with poverty, can, at their return from their daily labour, spend

the twilight in works of neatness round their cottages; can I when

I see this, refrain from feeling

indignant at the set of upstart politicians, who know nothing of England but what they have seen from the deck of a smack or through the pane of a stage-coach

window, and who have the auda

been, in the preamble to an act of parliament, represented as better members of society than the labourers of England; and that herein was contained a challenge, on the part of Mr. Whitbread's instructors, against the people of England. A thousand instances of arrogance like this I have seen in Scotch publications, and have passed them over in silence as the effects of that nationality, for which the people of Scotland are

city to bid these English labourers so renowned, and which, though

a fault, is certainly a fault upon bed is made of heath, placed the the right side; but, when I found stems downwards and cut off that this feeling was operating in smooth at the top, the elasticity a way to become the foundation of which renders it less gallof a law materially to alter the ing to the body. The whole faparochial laws and the manners mily have neither shoes nor of England, it was impossible to stockings, and the children neiremain any longer silent. ther hats nor caps. The utensils

Scoto Britannus begins by are wooden bowls, and horn giving us a description of a spoons, and a kettle or two. Scotch labourer's dwelling, fa- There are none of those places mily, fare, and manners; and, near the dwelling, which EngI cannot positively swear that lish cleanliness and decency take this description is false, because care to provide; but a dunghill I have never been in Scotland; opposite the door is the receptabut, as he refers me to the testicle for filth of every description, mony of those who have been while a spot of ground, denomithere, I will tell him, that the nated a "cale yard" is all you description I have received from perceive of the nature of a garsuch persons is nearly as follows: den.

This is the description, which I have received, from persons, upon whose word I place reliance;

a cabin built of mud and thatch, having no floor but the earth, having no window of glass, but a hole to let in light, stopped and, though, doubtless, there are occasionally with a board; a bole many exceptions therefrom, I am through one end of the roof to sincerely persuaded, that, at a let out the smoke, and division general description, it is perfectly. by a hurdle, to separate the fa- just. I am told, too, that in mily from the cow, or pig, where Edinburgh, that emporium of either happens to be kept. The learning and of virtue, the people