of any; and then, if we compute an Hogfhead of fuch Wine worth ten Pounds, as the Bath Wine was fold for, then the fixty-fix Hogfheads at Bath would be worth fix hundred and fixty Pounds; but if the Grapes had been of a more juicy Kind, then the fame Quantity of Grapes would have produc'd fo much more Wine, as would have made it worth nine hundred and ninety Pounds, which is a vaft Difference; tho' indeed no one would diflike an Acre that will yield him yearly above an hundred Pound, as the Bath Vineyard would do with the above Quantity, if it would bear as conftantly as Mr Warner's Vineyard, which has not yet miss'd.

But that we may ftill make the Comparison more juftly between these two Vineyards, I fhall give my Reader an Observation or two, which made this Year at Mr. Warner's, which, I am perfuaded, will give him a very agreeable Satiffaction.

I observed in the first place, that an hundred Stands of Vines, two Plants to a Stand, in their firft Year of bearing a Crop, at Mr. Warner's, made ninety five Gallons of Wine; and the smalleft Bearer among thofe Vines this Year, had upwards of feventy-five Bunches of Grapes, but many of them above an hundred Bunches apiece; and yet the bearing part of each Vine did not seem to fill much more Space than a Bufhel Meafure; after this rate, then, an hundred Vines manag'd after Mr. Warner's way, at the lowest Reckoning, i. e. feventy-five Branches to each Vine, will produce feven thousand five hundred Bunches of Grapes; but then we must confider what Proportion of Weight each Bunch will bear to one another, for there were some smaller, and fone larger; fo that I fhall compute only

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fixty

fixty Bunches upon cach Vine, at one Quarter of a Pound Weight each Bunch, and then an hundred Vines will produce fix thousand Bunches of a Quarter of a Pound each, or about fifteen • Pound Weight of Grapes upon each Vine. But that we might know what might be the Produce of these Grapes in Wine, I took an Opportunity to vifit Mr. Fairchild, who has great variety of Sorts of Vines for Vineyards, and with him try'd the following Experiment: We gather'd a Bunch of Grapes of the fame Sort with Mr. Warner's, from a Standard Plant; the Bunch happen'd to weigh just one Quarter of a Pound, and preffing it as hard as we could between two flat Pieces of Wood, the Quantity of Juice which we exprefs'd from it, weigh'd two Ounces and an half, and meafur'd above half a quarter of a Pint, which makes ten Ounces of Juice from one Pound of Grapes, which is after the rate of five Eighths in Juice, and three Eighths in Hulls: Now allowing Mr. Warner's Vines to bear fixty Bunches apiece, of one quarter of a Pound each, and each Pound of Grapes to produce ten Ounces of Wine; then a fingle Vine bearing fifteen Pound Weight of Grapes, will yield of Wine nine Pints or Pounds, and fix fixteenthParts of a Pound which makes one Gallon, one Pint, one quarter, and half quarter of a Pint; fo then the Produce in Wine of one hundred Vines, will be one hundred and feventeen Gallons, one Pint and balf.

Let us examine in the next place how many Vines a Vineyard regularly planted may contain in an Acre, or rather, how many Vines there fhould properly be in a Vineyard of fix Acres, which is the Dimenfion of the Vineyard near Bath, and then let us compute the Quantity of

Wine fuch a Number of Vines will produce, according to the foregoing Calculation.

First, Our Lines of Vines fhould run North and South, and ftand fix Foot from one another, unless upon a Hill that is very steep, and then they may run Eaft and Weft; for as the Lines of Vines will stand one above another, they will then have the greater fhare of the Sun, for they need not be kept above four Foot high; but however the Lines ran, there fhould be two Vines planted together in an Hole, and from the Centres of thefe Holes where the Vines ftand, we should allow fix Foot; fo then our fix Acres will take up of Vines to plant them about fourteen thousand five hundred Plants, or a fingle Acre about two thousand four hundred and fixteen Plants, which if they are well prun'd and ordered, and no Frofts or Blight happen to take them, will produce of Wine, according to the above Reckoning, fixteen thou fand nine hundred fixty five Gallons of Wine in one Year; or a fingle Acre, after that Rate, will produce in one Year, two thoufand eight hundred thirty two Gallons of Wine, which is forty four Hogfheads, fixty Gallons. The Account then stands thus, at the Rate of ten Pounds per Hogfhead, each Hogfhead containing fixty three Gallons: Two hundred fixty nine Hogfheads, eighteen Gallons, the Produce of fix Acres, at ten Pounds each Hogfhead, amounts to two thoufand fix hundred and ninety Pounds; or forty four Hogfheads, fixty Gallons, the Produce of one Acre, at ditto, amounts to four hundred and fifty Pounds.

Though I have been as exact as poffible in this Calculation, yet that there may be no Room for Objection, let us fuppofe only ten Pounds of Grapes to each Vine, and we may

E 4

then

then make about thirty Hogfheads of Wine from an Acre.

But then we are to confider fomething of the Expence of planting and keeping thefe Vines; the Ground we plant them upon cannot be worth above twenty Shillings per Acre, to reckon it at the higheft; for the fide of a Hill, rocky, or Chalk, or Gravel, or indeed any dry Soil will do, as I have before mentioned, and then there will be no Expence for dunging or manuring the Land, as may be found in my New Improvements, &c. in the Chapter of Vines: Only to a Vineyard, there must be allow'd an understanding Man, to prune, and direct, whofe Wages I fuppofe twenty or twenty five Pound per Annum; and in a Vineyard of fix Acres, he cannot have lefs than two or three Men under him to do the labouring Work at the proper Seafons; but as Labourers have different Wages in different Countries, I fhall not pretend to fet their Price no more than the Rates of Wines, which for this Ufe, I find, are about twelve or fourteen Sorts, fome of which bear much more Juice in proportion to the Bunches they are prefs'd from, than those I have mention'd. While I am writing this, a Gentleman who does me the Honour of a Vifit, thinks the Wages of the Gardener who is to be employ'd as Maiter of the Vineyard, too much; but in anfwer to that, I only fay, that if I expect Succefs in any Work where an Artift fhould be employ'd, I would always chufe a good one, and fuch an one will very well merit good Wages, because 'tis from his real Judgment that the Mafter will receive Profit; whereas on the other hand, if we employ a Man of no Understanding, who may always be difcover'd by his pretending to know every thing; though fuch a

Man

Man will ferve us for nothing, we fhall be Lofers by him; for unguided Management in a Garden brings all to Confufion, and robs us of that Pleasure which would be every way profitable to us. However, as the pruning of Vines for Vineyards has not fallen into every one's Way to fee the Method of, I have prevail'd upon Mr. Fairchild to put about eight or ten Sorts of Vineyard Grapes into proper Order, for an Example to thofe who are curious to fee and obferve the Manner of the Vineyard Manage

ment.

In this Calculation I have been as moderate as poffible in my Account of the Profits, and have given feveral Allowances on that Side, which perhaps I need not have given; and tho' I have had an Objection made to the Wages I give the Artist for being too much, yet confidering what Expence and Study an Artist requires to perfect him in his Art, as well as that he must be born with a fovereign Genius, which no Man can give; furely the Man, who by his fuperior Power of Thinking, which is the Refult of all thefe, ought not to be upon the common Level of a Labourer; I don't say this to create Pride or Self-Conceit in the Perfons I am fpeaking of; for if they fhould happen to be fo weak as once to fall into that Snare, they will immediately place themselves in the Rank of those who ought to be their Labourers; but 'tis for the Advancement of Art I do it, which notwithstanding the Policy of the English, is not every Day promoted or encourag'd. In the Management of Vineyards, it has been generally thought, that the French are infallible in that Particular, but it is an Error which I believe a little Reafon will fet to Rights. In the first

place