two make four. However barbarous may be the Establishment of the Holy Officehowever terrible its evils to humanity, we ought never to revolt against the individuals whom circumstances brought into that situation of life-a situation authorised by a law-a law which till now was as much respected among us, as any that legislate on the most sacred things, for it had been established by the only supreme authority acknowledged by the Portuguese. I vote that the Inquisition be abolished-that the memory of such an establishment be even held in execration-but I cannot forbear claiming the attention of this congress for individuals of thirty or forty years' service, on which their subsistence has been made to depend, and which must for the future depend on the resources granted them by this congress. "In what I have said, I have fulfilled two duties which were incumbent upon me. As a Representative of the nation, I have voted for the extinction of a tribunal which is barbarous, which cannot exist in accordance with the present laws, null as it may be, and which is repugnant to the liberal ideas which must constitute my happiness, and the happiness of my nation. member of a corporate body, I have put this assembly in mind of what belongs to my decorum, and of what I deemed just in respect of itself. I now beg permission to withdraw." As a SPEECH OF MANVER BORGES CARNEIRO, (another Deputy). "After what has been said by the first speaker, I should be fastidious, and only breaking down a door already open, if I dwelt long on the birth, life, and works of the Saint whose festival we are this day celebrating. Referring merely to the idea held out by another speaker, who has been desirous of letting the odium of the Inquisition fall rather upon the natural propensity of men to intolerance, than upon that Establishment itself, I shall confine myself to a simple statement, that for a college of priests, whose character is gentleness, whose kingdom is not of this world, whose office consists in speaking, persuading, arguing in all patience and doctrine, to erect themselves by Apostolical authority (they would more properly call it Papal or Jesuitical), into a supreme Tribunal superior to the king and the nation; to occupy the best palaces in the kingdom; to construct dungeons; to create ministers, officers, and executioners; to establish punishments under the name of visits; to spread on all sides an infinite crowd of commissioners and familiars, to become so many spies and informers; to compel by excommunications and terrible temporal punishments the faithful to denounce each other, even sons their fathers, and wives their husbands, to establish trials; to form regulations in opposition to the laws; to despoil the bishops of their alienable right to be judges in matters of faith, depositaries of all spiritual jurisdiction, bearers of the plenitude of the power of the keys, and stewards of the mysteries of God: after all the preparatious, I say, to commence by casting into dark and close dungeons thousands of citizens, without difference of rank, sex, or age; subjected without defence, to horrible tortures, to the strapado, to sharp instruments, burning in the feet, tight bandages, to the rack, and to the horse by which the limbs are torn asunder; to conduct them, in fine, to the Autos de fe, an horrid spectacle to which, and a splendid banquet prepared for the occasion, the foreign ministers, courtiers, and high clergy were invited, gratifying themselves with the view of human misery and ferocity; ending finally by burning alive those unhappy victims, or at least forcing them to appear on the scaffolds in vestments of infamy, with figures of devils painted on their backs in order to be forthwith conducted to perpetual imprisonment, and this to such an extent that the Inquisitorial lists present us in the short space of 79 years, with 1454 Portuguese cast into the flames, and 23068 degraded and imprisoned for life; the fierceness of these priestly tigers not yet satisfied, causing the said vestments to be hung up in the Churches, contaminating the sacred Temples with these permanent evidences of such execrable actions, not even sparing the dead, many times tried, disinterred, and cast into the sea. And all this for what? for mere errors of the understanding, which it was alone proper to pity, and make the subject of instruction-for suspicion merely of these errors, established by secret denunciations-by torture-by defective witnesses for opinions different from those which the Inquisitors either had, or feigned to have. And all this for what? for faatastical crimes, as witchcraft, magic, enchantments, contracts with the devil, and other such fables and fictions, invented to deceive the simple, to rule over them and enslave them: and, (what is yet more revolting), all this practised under the title of the Holy Office, the Holy Inquisition, in the name of Jesus Christ, by his ministers adorned with the ensign of the cross, and with the sacred vestments, talking to the unhappy victims of the bowels of Jesus Christ, and the Divine Mercy as we read in every page of those infamous records, fabricated by those unnatural Inquisitors, Don Pedro de Castilho, and D. Francisco de Castro, according to whom the said victims were much indebted to them, as they had saved their *This deputy is considered in Lisbon as the Sir Francis Burdett of Portugal. Edit. souls in exchange for draining their wealth, and burning their bodies: all this, I say, practised constantly in Portugal, from the year 1538 to 1774, when the illustrious Pombol curbed a little this fiery monster of the Inquisition, is the greatest pitch to which madness and folly on one side, and imposture, hypocrisy, and barbarous fury of the Ecclesiastics on the other, could possibly reach-it is what alone might be thought capable of being performed, I do not say, in the bosom of the most wild Paganism, or in the country of the Druids, governed by Priests of which Julius Cæsar informs us; but in the House of Smoke described in the Alcoran of Mahomet; in the cave of the robber Cacus, mentioned by Virgil; or in the horrid Tartarus, the abode of the Spirits of darkness. "Let us hasten then to wash from such a stain our beloved Portugal. Let that be fulfilled, which is written," the plant shall be rooted out which was not planted by our heavenly Father,"-and let this wicked Establishment be driven out to upper Egypt, that place where the Angel of the youth Tobias bound the demon who had killed the seven husbands of Rachel. This is my vote." The following account of the opening of the doors of the Inquisition, has already appeared in some of the daily Journals; but, we subjoin it, as affording a very proper supplement to the foregoing speeches. Edit. I send you a description of the Inquisition at this place, which I have been to visit. The Cortes are proceeding steadily with the great work they have undertaken; and, I have no doubt, that they will form a Constitutional System of Government equal to any in the world. They appear to have the Spanish Constitution, and that of the United States of America chiefly in their view. At the Sitting of the Cortes, on the 10th instant, Senhor Figueras presented a letter from the keeper of the Inquisition, stating that on the building being opened for public inspection, the people had behaved in a very disorderly manner, breaking open doors, and carrying away papers, &c.;-and, that several persons had actually cried out, that the building should be burned, whilst they held lighted candles in their hands, as if about to put their threats into execution; which he stated they would have done, but for the interposition of the guards. The keeper therefore prayed that measures should be taken to prevent the recurrence of such scenes. Senhor Bastos said, that if any such disorders as had been described, had occurred, it was owing to the refusal of the keepers to show the instraments of torture, and the lower cells of the prison to the visitants. In his opinion, these gentlemen, the keepers, cherished a religious respect for the Tribunal, of which they spoke with apparent veneration. As it was apprehended the people might set fire to the place, it would be better to suspend lamps in various parts, and not allow the visitants to carry lights.-Senhor Fernando Thomas proposed, that an inscription, of which the following is a translation, should be fixed on every place oecupied by the Inquisition in Portugal: 66 66 May eternal malediction follow every Portuguese, who does not hold for "ever in abhorrence an Invention so "infernal." On the 8th of October, the Inquisition at Lisbon was thrown open for public inspection; and, for the first four days, the concourse of people of all descriptions that crowded to view it, was so great, that the pressure at the entrance rendered it an enterprise of some risk. The building is a large oblong, with a garden in the centre; there are three floors, with a number of vaulted passages, along the sides of which are cells, of different sizes; from six by seven feet, to eight by nine feet. Each cell has two doors; the inner one of iron, the outer of oak, very strong. As there are no windows in the cells on the ground and middle floors, no light is admitted when the doors are shut. The cells on the upper floor are larger than the others, and each has an aperture like a chimney, through which the syk is visible. These were appropriated to the use of those whom it was supposed might be liberated. In the roof of each cell (for they are all vaulted) is a small aperture, of about an inch in diameter, and a private passage runs over each range; so that the persons employed by the Holy Office could at any time observe the conduct of the prisoners unseen; and, if two persons were confined in one cell, hear their conversation.* Fre * There are seats in these private passages, so contrived, that a person sitting might inspect two of the cells at the same time, as by a turn of the head he could fix his eye upon the hole over either cell at pleasure; or he could hear what was said in either. The persons appointed to listen to the discourse of the prisoners wore cloth shoes; so that their footsteps could not be heard. EXTRACT OF A PRIVATE LETTER We are now about to commence the printing of the Bible in the Turkish, or rather, as we call it, the Tartar Turkish, because it is designed chiefly for the use of the Tartars in the South of Russia. The edition is to consist of 2000 copies, large quarto; one column, with the verses numbered in the margin, and marked in the text with an asterisk. We have commenced preparations for this important work, and, employed on it. The edition is small, but, for a first edition, perhaps large enough. quently a familiar of the Holy Office was put into the cell of a prisoner, as a person arrested, in order to entrap the unfortunate inmate of this horrible place into admissions that might afterwards be used against him, I saw in several of the cells human skulls and bones; most of them to have lain there for many years, as I broke some of them easily with my fingers; others were hard and fresh. In a number of the cells the names of the unhappy inmates were written on the walls; some had strokes, apparently marking the number of days or weeks the victims of this horrid tyranny had been confined. On the wall of one cell, II trust, in a few weeks we shall be actually counted upwards of 500 of these marks. On the wall of another of the cells was written, "Francisco Joze Carvalho, enI think I once mentioned to you that a tered here the last day of March, 1809, and Missionary from the London Society, is remained as many days as there are strokes labouring among the Kalmucks in our in the wall."-On the wall of another cell neighbourhood: as I have never said much was written, "John Laycock;" the name respecting that people before, perhaps a had been covered with white-wash, which short extract of a letter which this Missionhad scaled off. There were a number of ary sent me, and in which he describes one strokes under the name, and the figures 18 of their religious festivals, may be acceptwere easily made out, the others were able to you. "I have lately," says he, obliterated. Some of the cells which had "been a spectator of a heathen feast, celenot been used for several years, were locked brated in honour of Sunchava, one of the up; but the visitants soon broke them open. | principal of the Kalmuck Gods. Human bones were found in many of these. open field a wooden frame was erected, In one was found part of a friar's habit, and covered with mats; before this frame with a waist girdle of rope and some bones. an altar was placed. A procession took The apertures like chimneys in some of the place, consisting of a vast multitude of peocells were closed; and, I have been in-ple, followed by one hundred and fifty formed, that it was a common mode of putting prisoners to death, to place them in these apertures which were then walled up, and quick lime being poured in from the top, a speedy end was put to their sufferings. The furniture is very old; the chairs in the halls are covered with leather studded all round with very large brass nails:-I send you a piece of leather with one of these nails, taken from one of the best chairs. The large tables in the halls had drawers for papers; these the visitants broke open, every one being desirous of obtaining some relic of the once terrible Inquisition. In several of the cells there were mattrasses, some of them old, others nearly new; which prove that the Inquisition was no bugbear up to a very recent date. Besides the three floors which I have described, there are a number of cells under ground, which have not yet been opened. These, it is supposed, contain the apparatus for inflicting the torture, &c.-It is understood that these will be shortly thrown open to the public;-when they are, I shall not fail to visit them, and shall send you a description. The spot on which the Inquisition stands, was covered with houses in 1755, when the great earthquake happened, by which they were laid in ruins; so that the present building has not been erected more than sixty years; and all the victims that were immolated in it, must have been sacrificed within that period. In an Gallongs, or Priests, with fans, musical ininstruments, &c. approaching the altar. Some carried images on their heads, and placed them on the altar. A large picture of Sunchava was fixed on the frame, but remained covered for some time. While it was being uncovered, the music was continued without interruption, but the mo ment it was fully exposed to view, the whole multitude fell prostrate on the ground, and worshipped the idol god." This Missionary is a native of Sweden, and was a Minister of the Swedish church. He speaks and writes the English language well. He has been labouring principally in collecting materials for a grammar and dictionary of the Kalmuck language; both which works are nearly completed, and will prove of great utility to other Missionaries, as no works of the kind have, hitherto been written. He labours most assiduously, travelling about through the large Steppe, among those wanderers, in a cart, on which is placed a tent, after the manner of the Kalmucks. His family residence is at Sarepta, where, in the winter, he intends to open a school for the instruction of Kalmuck children. The following will, I have no doubt, appear interesting to you. Our brethren, of whom I wrote you in my last letter, embarked early in the summer for Vladikafkas, a Russian fortress in the neighbourhood of the Ossatinians. When they arrived, they found that all the Ossatinians had embraced the doctrines of the Greek church, and had been baptised by Russian Priests. This circumstance at once put a stop to their efforts here, as no permission is ever granted to intermeddle with the members of the established church. After serious deliberation, they resolved to make an attempt among a heathen tribe, about 25 versts below Vladikafkas, whose chief residence is a place called Nazran. The people are called Inguish, and are a most ferocious and bloody tribe. Our friends reached this place on the 21st June, and took up their residence in a small fortress in the vicinity. On the 24th, (Sabbathday), a little after noon, an occurrence took place which fully justifies the account I have given of the sanguinary disposition of these people, and which filled the minds of our brethren with horror. A number of Inguish villages are situated on a rising ground opposite the fort. About 2 o'clock, their attention was attracted towards one of these villages, by an unusual barking of dogs. Presently they observed the people flocking together in great numbers from every quarter. On the spot where the crowd was collecting, they beheld a number of females, whose screams and doleful cries they could distinctly hear at the distance of half a mile. On the summit of an adjoining hill, appeared two men; one of them discharged a gun, while the other was making his approach towards him with all possible speed. When he approached near to him, the former, for some time, defended himself with his sword, striking several times at his pursuer, and then, making his retreat, disappeared from their view. They soon learned that the man who had thus disappeared, was the cause of the tumult; he had murdered, at once, his wife and her It is customary among the Inguish for those women whose husbands have died, to become wives to the brothers of their former husbands, from whom they may depart if they have borne them no children, when the children of their former husband are grown up. This murderer had received to wife the widow of his brother; she had brought with her a son, who was now about 12 years of age:-that very day, she had told him, her son was now grown up, and that she wished to depart. To this he replied: Do you not love me? "No," said she, "I do not." Immediately he stabbed both her and her son to the heart, and fled. His firing the gun from the top of the hill, was done as a challenge for any of her relatives to come out and avenge her death. On the day following, the women collected in great numbers from the other villages, to make lamentations for the deceased persons. They began to cry as soon as they entered the village where the unhappy woman had resided, and continued their wailings, which were truly dismal, son. | till they reached the dreary spot where the foul deed was done. They were joined by others, who had been there before them, and they continued in this exercise during the morning, beating their breasts, and by other violent actions, expressing their sor row. At a little distance from the women, appeared a number of men moving hurriedly towards another place, where they were soon joined by the women. Several of the men were instantly engaged in close combat with their swords, making desperate thrusts at each other; this affray, however, was soon ended, probably by the interference of the females, whom it is accounted highly dishonourable to strike; and who, on this account are often successful in separating combatants. The friends of the woman who had been murdered, went out of the viliage and sat down on the grass; they were all armed, and continued sitting on the grass for three days. They demanded that the three brothers of the murderer should each pay ten cows, and that in addition to this, his friends should make up sixty more, otherwise one of the brothers must be slain. Ninety cows were paid as a ransom for the life of the murderer's brother; his own life cannot be redeemed. HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY. The HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY now employ about five and twenty Missionaries, besides other agents, who receive aid from their funds. The expences which they annually incur, are much beyond their stated income, arising from annual subscriptions. For the rest they must look to new subscriptions, donations, and collections, and, especially, Auxiliary Societies. At the commencement of another year, they earnestly invoke attention to this statement, and call upon all liberal Christians to afford them their aid. It is with pain that they have come to a point, at which they fear, that, notwithstanding the number of pressing claims upon their funds, they must, for the present, stop, unless they are speedily encouraged by large augmentations of their list of subscribers. This alone is wanted to enable them usefully to employ a hundred Missionaries. But, the countenance which they have hitherto received from a generous Christian public, and the success which has attended the labours of their Missionaries, encourage them to hope, that they will not make this appeal in vain. The object at which they aim is noble, and deserves the support of every Philanthropist and true Patriot. The salvation of the souls of their countrymen, who are yet in darkness, is one of the first and most interesting duties. And, while the most dreadful profligacy finds its way among the poorer orders of the commmunity, the efforts employed by the HOME MISSIONARY SOCIETY will, assuredly, under the Divine blessing, prove the best means of stemming the torrent of infidelity, which is still running through our country, and of effectually crowning all the other exertions which are used for ameliorating the condition of the lower classes. Subscriptions will be thankfully received, every Wednesday, at the Rooms, 18, Aldermanbury, by the Treasurer, T. Thompson, Esq. Brixton Hill, Surrey-Mr. Dawson, Sen. Collector, Camberwell; or, by either of the Secretaries-Mr. Ingram Cobbin, 9, Mansfield Place, Kentish Town -Mr. E. A, Dunn, Upper Belgrave Place, Pimlico-Mr. Francis Moore, Vauxhall; and Mr. G. G. Stibbs, Camberwell. Signed in behalf of the Committee, Dec. 18, 1821. I. COBBIN, CITY OF LONDON AUXILIARY BIBLE SOCIETY. On Wednesday, October 31st, the ninth Auniversary of this Society was celebrated in the Egyptian Hall, at the Mansion House. A platform had been elevated at one extremity of this spacious chamber, and was destined for the Members of the Committee, and such gentlemen as should feel desirous of addressing the Meeting. Every arrangement had been made for the accommodation of the very numerous assemblage which, by eleven o'clock, had collected together; and, as usual, we remarked a very large proportion of ladies among the friends and patrons of this extensive Society. Among the company, we noticed, the Earl of Rocksavage, Sir C. S. Hunter, Bart. Mr. Sheriff Venables, Mr. Alderman Brown, Mr. Favell, &c. The LORD MAYOR being called to the chair, addressed the Meeting in the following words : "I certainly, ladies and gentlemen, feet sensibly gratified and honoured by being called to take the chair at a meeting like this, so beneficial and so fortunate for mankind. At the same time, I cannot help observing, that I see around me many individuals who would undoubtedly in this capacity have done much more justice to such a cause-individuals who have frequently, on similar occasions, distinguished themselves by a display of zeal and abilities that would have done this Society much more essential service than I can possibly hope to effect. Having, however, been called to the chair, I shall only add, that I will not fail to endeavour to discharge its duties to the best of my ability.". Mr. Coombs, one of the Secretaries, then read the Annual Report of the proceedings of this Society. In moving and seconding the various Resolutions, a number of excellent addresses were delivered; particularly by Mr. J. A. James, of Birmingham; Dr. Thorpe, of the Lock Hospital; Dr. Wardlaw, of Glasgow, and several other gentlemen, for which we shall endeavour to find room in our next month's Magazine. ORDINATIONS, &c. Complaints having been made by some of the friends of this Journal, and, as we think, not unjustly, that too much of our columns is occupied by a detail of the routine of the numerous Ordination services, which are transmitted us for insertion; we have thought it expedient to alter our plan of announcing these things. We must, in future, decline stating, who asked the questions-who offered up the ordination prayer-who addressed the minister-and who the people. Though we shall not object to announce the ordination itself, when we can make room for it, we must be allowed to do it in general terms, and as concisely as possible. Edit. October 2, 1821, Mr. David Nunnick, who had studied for two years with Mr. Gray, of Chipping Norton, under the patronage of the Stepney Institution, was ordained pastor of the Particular Baptist Church, at Bloxham, Oxon. The Ministers engaged were Mr. Bottomley, of Middleton Cheney- Mr. Clark, of Weston-Mr. Taylor, of Shipston on Stour-Mr. Gray-Mr. L. Butterworth, of Evesham, Worcestershire-Mr. Nunnick-Mr. Wright, of Blockley-Mr. Wheeler, of Ensham, near Oxford-Mr. Bentham, late of Hook NortonMr. Stiles-Mr. Phillips, Baptist Missionary Student at Chipping Norton. October 23, 1821, was ordained over the Baptist church at Middleton Cheney, Northamptonshire, Mr. W. Bottomly, (late Student at Bristol Academy.) The Ministers engaged in conducting the Ordination service were, Mr. Searl, of Banbury, (Independent)--Mr. Dobney, of Ensham - Mr. Wheeler, of Bugbrook-Mr. Franklin, of Coventry-and Mr. Gray, of Chipping Norton. Those friends of Christ who are acquainted with the circumstances of a peculiar and trying nature, relative to this church, cannot but feel highly gratified, that peace is again restored. "Oh Lord, we beseech thee, send now prosperity." October 24, 1921, Mr. F. A. Waldron was ordained over the Baptist church at Bishops Stortford, Herts. The Ministers engaged were,Mr. Brown, of Loughton-Mr. Baine, of Potter Street-Mr. Ragsdell, of Thrapstone-and Mr. Wm. Shenstone, of London. We learn that Mr. Hargraves, late of Ogden, in Lancashire, has accepted the invitation of the church, in little Wild Street, Lincoln's-Ian-fields, London, to settle amongst them; and, that he is expected to commence his labours in that part of the Lord's vineyard, the first week in January. |
