the rays of light different from ours. Even you, inhabitants of the Moon, situated in our very neighborhood, are effectually secured from the rapacious hands of the oppressors of our globe. And the utmost efforts of the mighty Federic, the tyrant of the North, and Scourge of mankind, if aimed to disturb your peace, become inconceivably ridiculous and impotent." "Pardon these reflections. They arise not from the gloomy spirit of misanthropy. That Being, before whose piercing eye all the intricate foldings of the human heart become expanded and illuminated, is my witness, with what sincerity, with what ardor, I wish for the happiness of the whole race of mankind. How much I admire that disposition of lands and seas which affords a communication between distant regions, and a mutual exchange of benefitsHow sincerely, I approve of those social refinements which add to our happiness, and induce us with gratitude to acknowledge the Creator's goodness-and how much I delight in a participation of the dis coveries made from time to time in nature's works, by our philosophical brethren in Europe. But when I consider that luxury and her constant follower tyranny, which have long since laid the glories of Asia in the dust, are now advancing like a torrent, irresistible, and have nearly completed their conquest over Europe-I am ready to wish vain wish that nature would A raise her everlasting bars between the new and the old world, and make a voyage to Europe as impracticable as one to the Moon." In a letter to a minister he wrote as follows:-"I would sooner give up my interest in a future state than be divested of humanity ;-I mean of that good will I have to the species although one half of them are said to be fools, and almost the other half knaves. Indeed I am firmly persuaded that we are not at the disposal of a Being who has the least tincture of ill nature, or requires any in us. You will laugh at this grave philosophy, or my writing to you on a subject which you have thought of a thousand times: but can any thing that is serious, be ridiculous? Shall we suppose Gabriel smiling at Newton, for labouring to demonstrate whether the earth be at rest or not, because the former plainly sees it move!" These specimens of composition do honour to the heart as well as the head of Mr. Rittenhouse. His piety and philanthropy were not of the dormant but active character. As he regarded God as the father of all, so he regarded all men as his brethren, and sought the good of all. His extraordinary powers of mind were indefatigably employed for advancing the happiness of his species. As a neighbour, he was kind and charitable ; as the head of a family, he was tender and affectionate; as a friend he was sincere, ardent and faithful. "As a compan ion, he instructed upon all subjects To his happy communicative disposition, says Dr. Rush, I beg leave to leave to express my obligations in a public manner. I can truly say, after an acquaintance of sixand-twenty years, that I never went into his company without learning something." "His constitution was naturally feeble, but it was render ed more so by sedentary labour and midnight studies. He was afflicted for many years 'with a weak breast, which upon unusual exertions of body or mind, or sudden changes in the weather, became the seat of a painful and harrassing disorder. This constitutional infirmity was not without its uses. It contributed much to the perfection of his virtue, by producing habitual patience and resignation to the will of Heaven, and a constant eye to the hour of his dissolution," "The religion of Mr. Rittenhouse was not derived wholly from his knowledge and admiration of the material world. He believed in the Christian religion; of this he gave you many proofs, not only in the conformity of his life to the precepts of the gospel, but in his letters and conversation. I well recollect, says his culogist, in speaking to me of the truth and excellency of the Christian religion, he mentioned as an evidence of its divine origin, that the miracles of our Saviour differed from all other miracles, being entirely of a kind and benevolent nature." On the 26th of June, 1796, the long expected messenger of death disclosed his commission. In his last sickness Dr. Rittenhouse "retained the usual patience and benevolence of his temper. Upon being told that some friends called at his door to inquire how he was, he asked why they were not invited into his chamber'Because, said his wife, you are too weak to speak to them.' Yes, said, he, that is true, but I could still have squeezed their hands.' Thus with a heart overflowing with love to his family, friends, country, and to the whole world, he peacefully resigned his spirit into the hands of his God. "It has been the fashion of late years, to say of persons who had been distinguished in life, when they left the world in a state of indiffer ence to every thing, and believing and hoping in nothing, that they died like philosophers. Very different was the latter end of this excellent Presi dent. He died like a Christian, interested in the welfare of all around him, believing in the resurrection and the life to come, and hoping for happiness from every attri bute of the Deity." MR. LOCKE'S ADVICE TO A YOUNG SCHOLAR. THE following letter of the great and good Mr. Locke is in the possession of Mrs. Frances Bridger, of Fowlers in Hawkherst, Kent, a lineal descendant of JOHN ALFORD Esq. son of Sir EDWARD ALFORD, knight, of Effington-place, near Arundel, Sussex, to whom it was addressed. Ch. Ch. 12 June, 1666. Sir, I have not yet parted with you; and though you have put off your gowne, you are not yet got beyond my affection or concernment for you. "Tis true you are now past masters and tutors, and it is now therefore that you ought to have the greater care of yourself; since those mistakes or miscarriages which would heretofore have been charged upon them, will now, if any, light wholly upon you, and you yourself must be accountable for all your actions; nor will any longer any one else share in the praise or censure they may deserve. Twill be time, therefore, that you now begin to think yourself a man, and necessary that you take the Courage of one. I mean not such a courage as may name you one of those daring gallants that stick at nothing; but a courage that may defend and secure your virtue and religion; for, in the world you are now looking into, you will find perhaps more onsets made upon your innocence than you can imagine; and there are more dangerous thieves than those that lay wait for your purse, who will endeavour to reason allow, where employment, not idlenesse, gives a title to it,) will be well bestowed in reviewing or improving your University notions; and if at this distance I could afford your studies any direction or assistance, I should be glad, and you need only let me know it. Though your ancestors have left you a condition above the ordinary rank, yet it's yourself alone that can advance yourself to it; for it's not either your going upon two legs, or liveing in a great house, or possessing many meant for a letter begins to grow into a treatise. Those many particulars that here is not roome for, I send you to seeke in the writings of learned and sage authors. Let me give you by them those counsells I cannot now. They will direct you as well as I wish you; and I doe truly wish you well. You will therefore pardon me for thus once playing the tutor, since I shall hereafter always be, Sir, your faithful friend and servant. JOHN LOCKE. acres, that gives advantage DR. HALES TO BISHOP HILDES over beasts or other men ; but the being wiser and better. I speake not this to make you carelesse of your estate; for, though wealth be not virtue, it's a great instrument of it, wherein lyes a great part of the usefulnesse and comfort of life. In the right management of this lyes a great part of prudence, and about money is the great mistake of men; whilst they are either too coviteous or too carelesse of it. If you throw it away idlely, you lose your great support and best friend. If you hugge it too closely, you lose it and yourself too. To be thought prudent and liberal, provident and good-natured, are things worth your endeavour to obtain, which perhaps you will better doe by avoiding the occasions of expences than by a frugall limiting of thein when occasion hath made them necessary. But I forget you are neere your lady mother whilst I give you these advises, and doe not observe what I LEY. THE following Extract from a letter from Dr. STEPHEN HALES to Bishop HILDESLEY, was written at fourscore, in a clear but shaking hand. "Blest with serenity of mind, and an excellent constitution, he attained to the age of 84 years, and died, after a short illness, January 4, 1761." See Biog. Dict. in 12 vol. 8vo. Teddington May 16, 1758. My good Lord, "I am much obliged to you for your kind letter of April 11, and for the favourable reception of my book, in which I hope there are many things of so great benefit to mankind as will hereafter have a considerable influence on the affairs of the world for the better, especially in relation to those mighty destroyers, DRAMS; and that, not only of the lives, but also of the morals of mankind. With a view to which I have sent sixteen of this book, with its first part, to several nations of Europe, especially the more northern as far as to Petersburg; and am just going to reprint the passport, so much abbreviated as to bind up well with the second part in one six shilling book, principally with a view to send two or three hundred of them, at the first opportunities, to all our Colonies in America, from the southern to the most northern. As the late occasional partial restraint took its rise from the great scarcity of corn, I cannot forbear looking upon it as a great blessing from Him who in the midst of judgement remembers mercy; for the happy event has been the almost half curing of the unhappy dramists. drams, it puts me in mind of an observation of the late Bishop Berkeley, viz. that, "there was in every district a tough dramist, who was the Devil's decoy to draw others in." Upon the whole, the open public testimony that I have for thirty years past borne against drams, in eleven different books or newspapers, has been matter of greater satisfaction to me than if I were assured that the means I have, proposed to avoid noxious air should occasion the prolonging the lives of an hundred millions of persons." N. B. The letter, fromwhich the foregoing extract is made, was first published in the Gentleman's Magazine for August, As to your observation, that REVIEW OF DR. CHALMERS' SERMON TO THE HIBERNIAN SOCIETY The Doctrine of Christian Charity applied to the case of religious differences: a Sermon preached before the Auxiliary Society, Glasgow, to the Hibernian Society, for establishing Schools, and circulating the holy Scriptures in Ireland. By Thomas Chalmers, D. D. minister of the Tron Church, Glasgow. THE author of this Sermon has attained a large share of celebrity both in his own country and in ours. His writings are of course read with an uncommon share of expectation and interest. Such being the case with any writer, he has it in his power to be extensively useful, or to do extensive injury, according to the disposition of his heart, and the opinions which he entertains. We have seen no room Vol. VI. No. 7. 26 to doubt the disposition of Dr. Chalmers to do good; and the opinions which he has advanced in the Sermon now before us, we believe to be in general, not only correct, but very important, and useful in their tendency. The sermon was designed to promote the objects of the Hibernian Society-in other words, to encourage the efforts of delivering Ireland from its present state of igno |