p. 63, 1. 21. to the prejudice of the land-tax, to make the landtax worse. It had been increased by the more accurate valuation of estates. Sir Roger attributes it to the malice of the Whigs towards the Tory land-owners.

p. 64, 1. 14. that great rule, Luke vi. 27-37.

p. 65, 1. 8. scheme of party-notions, exposition of the principles held by a party.

p. 65, 1. 25. Guelfes and Gibelines, or Guelphs and Ghibelines, names given to the papal and imperial factions who destroyed the peace of Italy from the twelfth to the end of the fifteenth century.

p. 65, 1. 26. the League, the Catholic league formed by Henry, Duke of Guise, in 1576, against the Huguenots or Protestants in France.

XVII. THE VISION OF MIRZA.

p. 68, 1. 23. threescore and ben. Cp. Psalm xc. 10.

p. 69, 1. 28. harpies, in Greek mythology, winged creatures with the face of a woman, the body of a vulture, and long claws.

XVIII. GOOD-NATURE.

p. 73, 1. 5. Xenophon wrote an imaginary account of the education of Cyrus the Great, founder of the Persian monarchy, by way of sketching the ideal training of a prince.

p. 73, 1. 21. Sallust, in his account of Catiline's conspiracy, ch. 54.

XIX. GOOD-NATURE (Continued).

p. 78, 1. 3. Brown or Browne (1605-1682), Religio Medici, Pt. II., sect. 13.

p. 78, 1. 22. An epitaph in St. George's Church, Doncaster, is said to run:-"That I spent, that I had; that I gave, that I have; that I left, that I lost. A.D. 1579."

XX. LITERARY CRITICISM.

p. 81, 1. 5. Aristotle (B.C. 384-322), the greatest of Greek philosophers, with the single exception of Plato, and the founder of scientific study in many departments of human knowledge. p. 81, 1. 7. Locke, Essay on Human Understanding, published 1690.

p. 82, 1. 14. Tully, M. Tullius Cicero.

p. 83, 1. 9. Longinus, a Greek philosopher and grammarian of the third century A.D., who wrote a treatise 'On the Sublime.' p. 83, 1. 14. Boccalini, an Italian satirist, 1556-1613.

XXI. GESTURE IN ORATORY.

p. 85, 1. 12. Latin orator, Cicero. Greek orator, Demosthenes.

XXII. PLEASURES OF IMAGINATION.

p. 89, 1. 31. settled the notion, defined the idea.

XXIII. WISDOM AND RICHES.

p. 91, 1. 6. Milton, Paradise Lost, iv. 996.

p. 91, 1. 7. scales. The constellation Libra (Balance), one of the signs of the zodiac, lying between Astræa, otherwise called the Virgin, and the Scorpion.

p. 91, 1. 10. pendulous, hanging unsupported or self-supported. p. 91, 1. 14. kicked the beam, struck the bar at the ends of which the two scales are supported.

XXIV. DEATH OF SIR ROGER.

p. 95, 1. 31. a lightning before death. Cp. Romeo and Juliet, v. iii. 90,

"How oft when men are at the point of death

Have they been merry! which their keepers call

A lightning before death."

p. 96, 1. 6. frieze-coat, made of a coarse woollen cloth, lit. cloth of Friesland.

p. 96, 1. 18. Cp. Henry V., II. iii. 11, of Falstaff's death. p. 96, 1. 23. the quorum, the bench of justices. "A justice of the peace is of the quorum, when his commission expresses that he is one of those whose presence is necessary to constitute a bench, as at quarter-sessions. The term quorum is derived from the words used in the Latin form of the commission issued to justices of the peace; in which the expression occurred, quorum unum A.B. esse volumus, of whom we will that A.B. be one (Imperial Dict.).

p. 96. 1. 31. quit rent, here used simply for a charge upon the estate.

p. 97, 1. 14. Act of Uniformity, enforcing the use of the Prayer Book. Such acts had been passed in 1549, 1558, 1662.

GLOSSARY.

*An Asterisk prefixed to a word means that it is not in common use at the present day or that its meaning has altered since Addison's time.

It must be remembered that a great writer uses the word that is best for his purpose, and that another word cannot, as a rule, be substituted without weakening the sentence. The interpretations given in this Glossary are only meant to guide the pupil towards the sense. As he increases his reading and his knowledge he will realise the superiority of the word chosen by Addison over any word that can be substituted.

The first numeral refers to the page, the second to the line in the page.

Account, find their (29. 28), find profit or advantage.

*administer to (88. 32), minister to, serve.

affluence (30. 32), abundance of riches, wealth.

aggravate (82. 19), make worse or heavier.

allegory (2. 6), "a figurative discourse in which something other is intended than is contained in the words literally taken (Dr. Johnson).

amours (23. 8), love-affairs.

antipathy (46. 30), instinctive dislike.

apothecary (17. 20), properly the keeper of a shop or warehouse (Gk. ȧтоеhкη, a repository); in later use confined to the keeper of a chemist's shop.

Bass-viol (13. 17), an instrument corresponding to the modern violoncello.

beau (43. 14), fine gentleman.

beaver (85. 36), a hat made of the fur of the beaver.

burlesque (20. 3), a composition in which a trifling subject is treated as if it were of great dignity for the humour of the contrast between the pretended importance and the real unimportance.

Carriage (2. 35), bearing, deportment.

caveat, enter my (32. 33), a legal term for a process taken to stop proceedings; so 'make my protest, give my warning.'

*cheapen (85. 36), ask the price of, bargain for.

choleric (22. 34), hot-tempered.

*commerce (74. 2), intercourse.

complaisance (16. 8), civility, obliging condescension.

composes (5. 6), makes up, completes.

composition (8. 2), mixture.

computation (29. 20), reckoning.

conceit (40. 15), sometimes used in a good sense for a striking thought,' here in a bad sense for an affected thought or

image.'

concert, v. (28. 34), arrange.

consort, n. (3. 10), concert.

consummation (68. 17), completion.

contemplative (30. 35), of studious habits.

*conversable (13. 21), able to join in conversation.

*conversation (32. 4), behaviour, manner of life. Cp. Philippians i. 27, "Let your conversation be as becometh the Gospel." coral (26. 5), a piece of coral worn by children about their necks. Cp. Pope :

"Her infant grandame's coral next it grew,

The bells she jingled, and the whistle blew."

*counsellor (86. 3), counsel, lawyer.

counterpoise (92. 24), equal weight, equal balance.

*countervail (50. 13), v. to equal, balance.

cupola (11. 10), Italian, a dome (like that of St. Paul's or

St. Peter's).

*Debates (44. 14), quarrels, altercations.

defamation (66. 19), the uttering of slanderous words with a view to injure another's reputation, slander, calumny.

denomination (12. 24), name, class.

*depending (25. 28), pending. digest (25. 16), arrange.

discourse (48. 20), conversation.

*discovers (49. 3), reveals.

diversion (28. 10), amusement.

drone (13. 28), the largest tube of the bag-pipe, which emits a continued deep note.

Economy (77. 2), household management.

embellishment (28. 20), adornment.

embryo (5. 11), offspring still in the womb.

epigram (51. 34), a short, concise poem with a pointed ending; originally, an inscription in verse on a tomb, statue or temple. equipage (10. 4), retinue; a train of persons, horses or carriages in attendance.

essay (92. 4), trial, or experiment, especially to prove the qualities of a metal. Assay is the same word.

*

*essayers (49. 10), essay-writers.

exceptionable (82. 12), open to exception or objection. expatiate in (74. 26), to move about freely without limits. *Fable (80. 8), argument, plot.

*floridness (2. 24), brilliancy of colour.

flourish (12. 36), n. showy splendour, decoration, adornment. Generous (9. 29), bountiful, strong, full of spirit.

genius (67. 27), spirit. Cp. Pope, Rape of the Lock, 222 :—

66

'Fays, Fairies, Genii, Elves and Daemons, hear!"

*glance (13. 1), n. rapid darting-especially in an unexpected direction. Cp. 'a glance of the eye,' 'the arrow glanced.' groat (19. 22), fourpence.

Habit (16. 30), dress. Compare ‘riding-habit.'

harpsichord (14. 5), an old-fashioned musical instrument superseded by the pianoforte.

*heat of sentiments (78. 5). We generally use 'ardour' in this metaphorical sense, though we speak of "heated words." *Impertinent (31. 17), trifling, foolish; lit. not pertaining to the matter in hand.

implicit (80. 21), inferred, implied, but not expressly set forth. importunate (12. 35), urgent and pertinacious in pressing their claims. Cp. the Parable of the Importunate Widow. inadvertency (83. 11), oversight.

*indifferent (60. 5), neutral.

*indirect (74. 34), crooked, dishonest.

inflame (83. 8), make worse, aggravate (op. ' an inflamed wound'). influence (8. 11), lit. 'a flowing into,' was first used of the mysterious power over human destiny which was supposed to belong to the stars. Cp. Job. xxxviii. 31.

*inform (40. 12), animate, give life to; a poetical use. inoculation (9. 29), inserting the buds of one plant under the bark of another for propagation.

inordinate (42. 5), unregulated.