OF

MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE;

OR,

COURSE OF INSTRUCTION

IN

STRATEGY, FORTIFICATION, TACTICS OF BATTLES, &c.;

EMBRACING

THE DUTIES OF STAFF, INFANTRY, CAVALRY,

ARTILLERY, AND ENGINEERS.

ADAPTED TO THE USE OF

VOLUNTEERS AND MILITIA.

Henry

BY

H. WAGER HALLECK, A. M.,

LIEUT. OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.

NEW YORK:

D. APPLETON & CO., 200 BROADWAY.

PHILADELPHIA:

G. S. APPLETON, 148 CHESNUT STREET.

M DCCC XLVI.

War 458.46

1858, Aug. 27.

Gift &
John J. Clay, Ery

of Dorchester.

Entered, according to the Act of Congress, in the year 1846,

By D. APPLETON & COMPANY,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern
District of New York.

CONTENTS.

PAGE

5

PREFACE

CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION.-Dr. Wayland's Arguments on the Justifiable-

ness of War briefly examined

7

II. STRATEGY.-General Divisions of the Art.-Rules for planning

a Campaign.-Analysis of the Military Operations of Na-

poleon

35

III. FORTIFICATIONS.-Their importance in the Defence of States

proved by numerous Historical Examples.....

................

61

IV. LOGISTICS.-Subsistence.-Forage.-Marches.-Convoys.-Cas-

trametation .........

V. TACTICS.-The Twelve Orders of Battle, with Examples of

each.-Different Formations of Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery,

and Engineers on the Field of Battle, with the Modes of

bringing Troops into action.......

........

88

114

VI. MILITARY POLITY.-The Means of National Defence best suited

to the character and condition of a Country, with a brief Ac-

count of those adopted by the several European Powers.... 135

VII. DEFENCE OF OUR SEA-COAST.-Brief Description of our Mari-

time Fortifications, with an Examination of the several Con-

tests that have taken place between Ships and Forts, inclu-

ding the Attack on San Juan d'Ulloa, and on St. Jean

d'Acre....

VIII. OUR NORTHERN FRONTIER DEFENCES.-Brief Description of

the Fortifications on the Frontier, and an analysis of our

Northern Campaigns.....

155

210

IX. ARMY ORGANIZATION.-Staff and Administrative Corps.-Their

History, uties, Numbers, and Organization

...............

235

X. ARMY ORGANIZATION.-Infantry and Cavalry.-Their History,

Duties, Numbers, and Organization

256

XI. ARMY ORGANIZATION.-Artillery.-Its History and Organiza-

tion, with a Brief Notice of the different kinds of Ordnance,

the Manufacture of Projectiles, &c.........

XII. ARMY ORGANIZATION.-Engineers.-Their History, Duties, and

Organization, with a Brief Discussion, showing their im-

portance as a part of a modern Army Organization

275

......... 300

PAGE

CHAP. XIII. PERMANENT FORTIFICATIONS. Historical Notice of the progress

of this Art.-Description of the several parts of a Fortress,

and the various Methods of fortifying a Position.........

XIV. FIELD ENGINEERING.-Field Fortifications.-Military Communi-

cations.-Military Bridges.-Sapping, Mining, and the Attack

and Defence of a Fortified Place.....

XV. MILITARY EDUCATION.-Military Schools of France, Prussia,

Austria, Russia, England, &c.-Washington's Reasons for

establishing the West Point Academy.-Rules of Appoint-

ment and Promotion in Foreign Services.-Absurdity and In-

justice of our own System

EXPLANATION OF PLATES .............................

........

327

342

378

409