Henrietta, daughter of Peter Auriol, esquire, merchant of London, by whom he had the present Earl of Kinnoul, in right of his uncle.

Among the Irish nobility, we notice Sir Richard Gore, of London, merchant, temp. Elizabeth, ancestor of the Earl of Ross.

Sir Roger Jones, alderman of London, father of Dr. Jones, archbishop of Dublin, chancellor, and lord justice of Ireland, temp. Elizabeth and James I. ancestor of Lord Viscount Ranelagh.

Sir William Luckyn, bart. having assumed the name of Grimstone, married Jane, daughter of James Cook, citizen of London, was created baron and viscount Grimstone, and was ancestor of the present viscount.

Jane, daughter of Sir John Bernard, mayor of London, was grandmother to the present Lord Viscount Palmerston. Sampson Gideon, esquire, merchant of London, grandfather of Lord Eardley. His daughter married Lord Gage. The family of Verney, intermarried with several citizens and their relations.

The conclusion drawn from the above premises is, trade is so far from debasing the character of a gentleman, that commerce in England enriches nobility; and has been the means of peopling the nation with nobility; we have therefore a right to insist, that the houses of Child, Hoare, Drummond, Gosling, Curtis, Bosanquet, Peele, Dennison, Whitebread, Kenton, &c. &c. claim as high acknowledgement in the scale of consequence in these realms, as the houses of the most dignified members of the peerage.

Who would have imagined, at the distance of three hundred and fifty years, that the ports in the Levant, whence England aud Christendom were supplied, by the medium of the Venetians, with spices, drugs, &c. of India, China, and other eastern climes, must ultimately be supplied with those very articles, by the country of Great Britain, at an easier rate than when imported directly from the Indian shores. Such, however, is the fact; and to prove it, we subjoin the following statement:

To

To Turkey are exported woollen cloths, tin, lead, and iron, solely in our own shipping; the importation is raw silk, carpets, galls, and other dying ingredients; cotton, fruits, medicinal drugs, coffee, &c.

The exportation to Italy is woollen goods of various kinds, peltry, leather, lead, tin, fish, and East India merchandise; the importation back, raw and thrown silk, wines, oil, soap, olives, oranges, lemons, pomegranates, dried fruits, colours, anchovies, &c.

To Spain are exported all kinds of woollen goods, leather, lead, tin, fish, corn, iron, and brass, manufactures, haberdashery wares, assortments of linen from Germany and elsewhere for her American colonies; the returns are wines, oils, dried fruits, oranges, lemons, olives, wools, indigo, cochineal, and other dying drugs, colours, gold and silver coin, &c.

To Portugal is mostly sent the same kind of merchandise as to Spain; and the returns are vast quantities of wines, oils, salt, dried and moist fruits, dyers' ingredients, and gold

coins.

To France are exported tobacco, lead, tin, flannels, horn, hardware, Manchester goods, &c. and sometimes great quantities of corn; the returns are wines, brandies, linens, cambrics, lace, velvets, brocades, &c

To Flanders are exported serges, flannels, tin, lead, sugars, and tobacco; the returns are fine lace, linens, cam, brics, &c.

The exportation to Germany is cloths and stuffs, tin, pewter, sugars, tobacco, and East India merchandise; the returns linen, thread, goat-skins, tinned plates, timbers for all uses, wines, and many other articles.

To Norway, tobacco and woollen stuffs; the returns vast quantities of deals and other timber.

To Sweden are sent most of our home manufactures; the importation iron, timber, tar, copper, &c.

The Russians take off great quantities of woollen cloths and stuffs, tin, lead, tobacco, diamonds, household furniture, &c. and in return sends hemp, flax, linen, thread, furs, pot, ash, iron, wax, tallow, &c.

VOL. II. No. 28.

C

The

The commerce to Holland consists of an immense quantity of different sorts of merchandise, such as all kinds of woollen-goods, hides, corn, coals, East India and Turkey articles imported by those respective companies, tobacco, tar, sugar, rice, ginger, and other American productions; the Hollanders return fine linen, lace, cambrics, thread, tapes, inkle, madder, boards, drugs, whalebone, train-oil, toys, and various other articles of that country.

To America are sent English home manufactures of almost every kind; and the returns are made in tobacco, sugars, rice, ginger, indigo, drugs, logwood, timber, &c.

To the Coast of Guinea are sent various sorts of coarse woollen and linen goods, iron, pewter, brass, and hardwaremanufactures, lead-shot, swords, knives, fire-arms, gunpowder, glass-manufactures, &c.; the importation consists of gold-dust, dying and medical drugs, red-wood, Guinea grains, ivory, &c.

To Arabia, Persia, East Indies, and China, are sent much foreign silver coin and bullion, manufactures of lead, iron, and brass, woollen goods, &c.; the returns are muslins and cottons of various kinds, callicoes, raw and wrought silk, chintz, teas, coffee, porcelain, gold-dust, saltpetre, and many drugs for dyers' and medicinal uses. These are exclusive of the trade of Ireland, Newfoundland, the West Indies, and many other settlements and factories in different parts of the world, which, likewise, constitutes an immense annual return.

The trade to the East Indies certainly constitutes one of the most stupendous political, as well as commercial, machines, to be met with in history. The trade itself is exclusive, and lodged in a company, which has a temporary monopoly of it, in consideration of money advanced to the government.

In order to give a more distinct idea of the general commerce of the city, it may be necessary to notice that the business of the various branches of trade is transacted by incorporated companies, who mostly have separate halls and other conveniences, for the more speedy transaction of their mercan

tile concerns. Of these, the precedence of right is given to the halls of the handicraft companies, from among which the chief magistrates are always chosen. Many of these are so antient and opulent, that several monarchs of the realm have thought it an additional honour to be incorporated into the fraternity; but there cannot be a greater test of the riches of their funds, than the charities they annually dispense. Twenty-three of these companies dispose of benefactions to the amount of 23,655l. If but 401. be given by each of the remainder, the expenditure would amount to the vast sum of 27,000l. per annum. What metropolis in the universe has so great, so amiable, so divine a boast!-We do not take into this account the numberless other public charities with which the city of London and its neighbourhood abounds.

The Commerce of the City, as ascertained in 1798.

To which add Inland Trade, &c.

Total of Imports and Exports brought over £.60,597,989 11 10

Add also the Value of British Shipping, &c.

River

418

Colliers

700,000 0 0

496

England

32 Wales

97

Scotland

3507

3349

hoats, & Peter-
boats

25.000 0 0

9,200,000 0`0 er 70,032,989 11 10

Thus it would appear, that the estimated value of the commercial property which floats in the river Thames, in the course of a year, exceeds seventy millions sterling! When to this we add the coals, and goods of all kinds, constantly exposed in craft; ships of war, gun-boats, and transports; the hoys for conveying naval, victualling, ordnance, and military stores, to and from the public arsenals at Deptford, Woolwich, Sheerness, and Chatham, to ships of war and transports on the river; and to and from dock yards at Portsmouth and Plymouth: all which must, in the course of a year, amount to at least five millions. The whole will present an aggregate of seventy-five millions sterling of floating property *.

It is thus proved, that the greatness of Britain is not so much owing to war and conquest, as to that vast basis of her glory-TRADE and COMMERCE !

*Colquhoun's Commerce of the River Thames.

Government,