tions that fall under the eye of the dentist. A famous oculist used to say, that when a person came into the room, he could immediately tell whether those were his ey or not, whether his brush had produced their brilliancy. And Mr. Imre may well boast, that the polish and candour of HIS teeth are visible at the first grin, above those of common and unimproved nature.

On Malignant Cholera. By Joseph Ayre. We much approve Dr. Ayre's method of meeting the fiend of pestilence, and firing at him a succession of calomel bullets till he destroys him, as the poor elephant Chuni was killed in Exeter Change by leaden ones. There is in this treatise, sober investigation and cautious judgment, and sound inferences from facts.

A Treatise on the Nature of Vision, and the Formation of the Eye. By Alex. Alexander.-Treatise on the Physiology and Diseases of the Eye. By H. Curtis. -Two excellent treatises, the result of experience on a subject most interesting to mankind, the preservation of the sight, in its strength and serenity. Mr. Curtis's is the largest and most elaborate, but Mr. Alexander's seems not at all inferior in merit. The disease of the Reviewer is the " musca volitans," which at length swells to the size of the blue-bottle fly, whenever huge enclopædias, and epic poems, and endless county histories come before him. Half the diseases of the world are fatal from ignorance and neglect; and it appears that some very dangerous habits and opinions exist relating to the eye, and to the instruments that assist vision. The student, and the scholar, and the clerk, who begin to feel the effects of their vigils, and their late lucubrations, will derive knowledge and benefit from these sensible volumes, which we highly recommend; especially as good eyes are peculiarly wanting, when duodecimos and diamond classics are in vogue; though fortunately a man may see all that is new in them, with half an eye.

The Flora of Oxfordshire and its contiguous Counties. By Rev. Richard Walker, B. D. 1833.-We consider that the author of this work has judiciously arranged his Flora according to the artificial nomenclature of Linnæus, leaving to the students of Botany to carry on their investigations by uniting the Linnæan and Jussieuian systems. In the present state of the science, this seems the best and most profitable plan. The catalogue of native plants has been formed with care, and much personal observation; the plates

are neatly and elegantly engraved, and the book is a valuable addition to the study of the English Flora.

Forty Years Residence in America. By Grant Thorburn, (the original Laurie Todd). This volume is introduced by a very pert preface from Mr. Galt, and the object of the work is to exemplify the doctrine of a particular Providence in the person of Mr. Thorburn, who was once a nail-maker, and is now a seedsman at New York. If the book has any design beyond this, we are ignorant of it. To us it appears neither very instructive nor entertaining: the author is a violent republican, as may sufficiently be known by his calling the upper ranks of society in England, "the noble blackguards," (p. 244); and by saying that the ladies are waited on by white slaves" (p. 245). If any admirer of Thomas Paine wishes to glean some information concerning that interesting person, and learn how much brandy he drank and blasphemy he uttered per diem, he may satisfy himself in this work.

66

Some Remarks on the present Studies of Eton School. By a Parent.-The chief ground of complaint against the system of education at Eton is the old one, the one so often adduced, and as often refuted, the too great prevalence of classical studies. Now we so far differ from this writer, who, we will be bound to say, is not a classical scholar himself, as to assert that the study of the languages of the ancient writers is not so severely and systematically pursued as it ought to be, and that our classical knowledge is infinitely below that of our neighbours the Germans. We believe a better system of education is opening before us, assisted by grammars on more philosophical principles, and more accurate lexicons; better editions of the ancient writers are appearing, explained by men of great erudition, and we trust that the language of Homer and Archimedes, of Lucretius and Livy, will be learned with greater facility and correctness, and will ever be the main leading points of study in all our public schools of education. Let the seminaries and academies teach their chemistry and music, and use of the maps, and gymnastics, and marching exercise, and landsurveying, and geology; be it ours to follow that system that produced a Barrow and an Usher, a Milton and a Taylor, a Horsley and a Paley, a Fox and a Canning, as well as a Bentley, a Porson, an Elmsley, and a Parr.

Credit Pernicious. By Archibald Ros

ser, 2nd. edit.-There is much in this pamphlet worthy of consideration; and much that would instruct the inexperience of youth; but the main principle which it advocates, we are sure will never be adopted ;--in a rich, refined, luxurious country like ours: it never can. There is a line, undoubtedly, beyond which all credit is pernicious, ruinous, and destructive; but the discovery of that line as it winds around each individual case, is impossible ::-no laws can prevent credit being given and received; to attempt it, against the feelings and habits of a people, would only be to make it more pernicious.

Dissertation on the Construction of Fire-Places. By Thomas Hadfield.—To this pamphlet is prefixed an epistle to the Lancashire Witches-in which there is unfortunately more smoke than fire. Yet the author is a gay spark, and is willing to preserve the bloom and beauty of the ladies of his county from being smoke-dried, like those of Holland and Germany: he therefore lights his fire in the best-constructed stove, and sends the smoke up the chimney by such a flue as will not induce it to come down again.

The Practice by Justices and Plaint, in the County Court; with Practical Forms, and an Index. By George Barclay Mansel, Esq.-At a time when the public mind is occupied with proposals for the erection of new courts for the recovery of small debts, it is highly advantageous to be informed as to the nature of the constitution and practice of our common law local courts. With a very little alteration, these ancient tribunals might be made to answer all the beneficial purposes sought to be obtained by the proposed new courts. Without having any political object in view, Mr. Mansel has here presented us with some of the materials for forming a judgment upon this question, and at the same time has furnished the practitioner with a cheap and compendious manual of practice. In the latter respect, this book will be found eminently useful, as there has not been any similar work for very many years past.

Political Lucubrations. By John Earl Somers. The object of this pamphlet is to recommend a Property Tax, on so large scale as to pay off the national debt; to explain the views of the noble author on these great questions which have come before him as a legislator in the last sessions; and to give his opinions on the merits and demerits of the different administrations. It is the production of a se sible, experienced man, a lover of

his country, and one ready to make any personal sacrifice to ensure the stability of its government, and to promote the happiness of his fellow citizens.

In

Antiquitates Apostolicæ, or the Lives of the Apostles. By William Cave, with an Essay by Richard Henry Stebbing. 3 vol. -A very acceptable service is rendered to the public by the republication of Cave's learned and excellent Lives of the Apostles, the original being both expensive and scarce. The introductory essay by Mr. Stebbing is well worthy of perusal, with the exception of the sneer at Jortin at the end, which was not deserved. stead of being only a compiler, Jortin was a man of wit, knowledge, learning, and acuteness; and twenty Caves will appear before another Jortin shall delight and inform the world. Mr. Stebbing ought to be above building the pedestal of his author's fame on the ruins of a rival. A compiler indeed!! We should be glad in these days of compilation to find a few Jortins employed in the task. What would the Doctor of Hatton have said to this, had he been alive?

'Rowbotham's New and Easy Method of Learning the French Genders in a few hours,' is a useful compilation.

Ordination Counsel and other Poems. By Richard Knott.-Mr. Knott is a very pious and deeply religious person, and being a Baptist, is strongly persuaded of the truth of the Calvinistic tenets; and he has made his poetical volume the vehicle of much of his peculiar views, and controversial statements. In this we think he has not done wisely; his controversy has marred his poetry, and their conjunction is hurtful to both. We will give, as a specimen, a poem on the uncertain Tenure of Earthly Friendship."

Earthly friendship, oh! how fleeting,
Life an evanescent dream;
Zion's pilgrim, frequent meeting
In his progress, death is seen.
Ah! how oft fall father, mother,
Sister, brother, bosom friend;
Every lover, till no other

Friend our earlier steps attend.
Hapless Saint! in Achor's vally,
Lo an open door of hope;
Earnest pray-thy graces rally,
Nature then with death may cope.
Recollect, mid darkness opens

First the widening gates of day, So life's deepest grief betokens

Light-when gloom shall pass away.

Popular Encyclopædia, Part 2d. BanCan. One of the defects of this work is,

that which we pointed out in our Review of the first part; the length of some, especially of the Biographical articles, being out of all proportion to the importance of the subject. The lives of Joel Barlow, and Joshua Barnes, are ten times as long as that of the great naturalist Sir Joseph Banks. The life of Bentley is written without any reference to the Bishop of Gloucester's work, and is consequently imperfect. That of the French scholar, Boissonade, is scanty and superficial. The account of Anne Boleyn is of no authority. That of Bolivar is out of due proportion. All the American lives are formed on a far more extended scale than the rest, as those of Daniel Boon and Charles Browne. The account of Buonaparte, on the whole, full and fair. articleBotany,' is too brief. The account of the Church, under the head of Britain, is one mass of ignorance, error, and mistake. The British Museum' is defective, and very imperfect; as is the account of Bronze;' and Lord Byron's life is inaccurate in facts. We have pointed out these matters in no ill-will to this work, which is on the whole fairly executed, but that the conductors may be vigilant and attentive to their duty, and employ writers who well understand their subjects.

The

It

The Naturalist's Library. Vol. II.— Mammaliæ; Felina. By Sir William Jardine. To this volume is prefixed a slight memoir of Cuvier, taken from the larger biographies of that illustrious man. is obvious that the History of Animals must divide itself into two branches; the first that is scientific; the second, the account of their nature, habits, mode of life, &c.; and it is equally clear that the first part, however perfect and finished it may be, is defective without the second. It would be as if, seeking to know what a man was, we were presented with a skeleton. We want in the study of nature, both Buffon and Linnæus. In the scientific description of the animal, the Naturalist is confined within a certain boundary; he must either give it correctly or incorrectly; but there is such a latitude that extends into the description of the other branch of inquiry, as to require a very good taste, and very logical power of selection. The naturalist, for instance, who wishes to give the habits and character of the lion or tiger in his native haunts, must seek them in the accounts of the Traveller. His judgment, his observation, his accuracy, his love of truth, perhaps even his moral courage and activity, and power of bearing fatigue and facing danger, is all to be considered. Then as

accounts grow more numerous, to ascertain how much one traveller has added to the facts collected by a former, or how much he has taken from them. Narrative is to be weighed against narrative; inference against inference. The same animal in one part of the globe may differ materially from the same animal in another, the African and Asiatic lion, tapir and elephant, the Bactrian and Arabian camel, &c. All this opens a wide field of investigation, that is to be traversed with diligence and care. In the account of the Bengal tiger, it is clear that the writers of this work had never had any personal interview with these monarchs of the Eastern forests; and consequently some traits most characteristic of their manners are omitted. With all the enormous muscular power, with the elasticity of spring and movement, which, as this book says (p. 103), carried the lion like a cat, over branches twelve or fifteen feet high, why has no tiger ever been known (we believe) in the annals of Indian hunting, to reach the houdah on the elephant's back? The story of the enraged elephant transfixing the tiger with his tusks may be true, because sometimes, but most rarely indeed, does the elephant use this formidable weapon; not once in a hundred times. The elephant trusts entirely to his forelegs and weight to crush his enemy. As at Naples, he kneads and pounds him to pieces. In the second place, we believe Bishop Heber's account of the lion of India dragging the elephant to the ground (copied in this work) to be incorrect. from Indian hunters. as far as the instinct, habits, and nature of one animal extends (the Bengal tiger), we pledge our faith, that in two hours we could have written an account more truly illustrative of it, more curious in anecdotes, and more replete with information, than this volume contains. Such is the case with all performances at second hand. The plates are very indifferent indeed, and the synopsis incorrect or de

men make macaroni

ficient.

We have heard so All we can say is,

Pictures of Private Life. By Sarah Stickney. This volume contains two well-written tales, one of Misanthropy, the other, the Pains of Pleasing. The first is not so well conceived as it might be, nor is the arrangement of the plan satisfactory or complete; in fact, the subject is not one that it was useful or advantageous to discuss. A misanthrope is not a common character. A young misanthrope, as Mrs. Stickney's is, is a very uncommon one. A poetical misanthrope,

such as Lord Byron has brought into fashion, is far more often to be met with, than one in real life. Misanthropy is the result of certain affections, passions, sufferings, or disappointments, acting on an ill-regulated and unchristian mind. In youth, there are innumerable circumstances to counteract its growth: natural spirits, future hopes, love of friends, the good will of mankind in general (for youth of itself is beloved), and the tendency of the mind to shake off sorrow and suffering. In advanced life, the rebukes of conscience, the voice of duty, the claims of affection, the power of reason, and the habitual sympathy between man and man, all tend to weaken and destroy this morbid feeling, and prevent its gaining uncontrolled dominion over the mind. Men may dislike or even hate this man, or the other; but he is a very degraded, and very singularly wicked being who hates all men; and Lord Byron's characters were not misanthropes, but vain, egotistical, selfish persons, puffed up with aristrocratical or intellectual pride; and thinking it a proof of superior talents to stand aloof as the mere spectators of a world beneath them. His lordship himself aped somewhat of this, astonished the weak, enraptured the romantic, and became exceedingly ridiculous to all sensible persons.

The other tale, 'the Pains of Pleasing,' is more useful and entertaining, though a little too broad in its effect, and too exaggerated at times; but it will be a useful lesson to all young persons, young ladies in particular, not vainly to attempt too directly to please. If they please, let it be through their good sense, good temper, good taste, and good disposition; and not from constrained efforts to make themselves agreeable; they will please most, when they do not attempt to please; and to wish to please all, is the desire of a mind unacquainted with its own legitimate powers, and totally without experience of mankind.

Charge of the Bishop of Llandaff, delivered in September, 1833.-This is such a composition as might have been expected from the acknowledged talents and taste of the author. Most of the alleged grievances belonging to the Church are reviewed, and many mistakes and exaggerations pointed out. The only points in which we differ from the Charge are, first, 'the miserable pittance of Queen Anne's Bounty,' being pointed out as making a continual progression towards the equalization of Benefices, and as having already wrought a considerable change! We can only say that, in our opinion, long

before Queen Anne's Bounty could effect any thing like this, the Church will be removed to where it will not want it. We have, near where we are writing, about twenty livings varying from 401. a-year to 1007.; and we cannot find that any of them have been assisted more than to the amount of 10 or 127. a-year by this Royal Bounty, and many of them not at all. This is certainly progressive, but we are assured that it is the tortoise of improvement that will never overtake the hare of demand. Secondly, we must disapprove the pointed allusions the Bishop makes to the immorality of the Clergy, and his wish to have ample power to punish it placed in his hands. We venture to appeal against this, and we deny the allegation. There is no more probability that a Rector, or Vicar, or Prebendary should be immoral than a Bishop. And what is the immorality alluded to? Is it gluttony, or drunkenness, or gambling, or incontinence? Of such vices we believe the Clergy to be free, and that their lives are as unspotted as can consist with human frailty, and the manifold temptations of man. A country Vicar goes to the publichouse and drinks a glass of brandy and water with his parishioners-is that immorality? A Bishop goes to a Lord Mayor's dinner, and gives toasts after dinner-is that the same? All, we think, quite innocent both in the Dignitary and in the Divine. We do not believe that severe measures are needed to restrain the immorality of the Clergy; and we do not think the allusion to it is a thing of 'good report.' Clergy are generally men of education and knowledge, gentlemen in behaviour, scholars in acquirement; they are married men almost universally, living with their wives and families, looking after their parishioners, reading their books, cultivating the glebe, putting out ever and anon tomes of divinity; learned in geology, botany, County history; men living with the best society, yet free, by reason of their confined incomes and sequestered situations, from the temptations of the world; men who have entered their holy profession with a knowledge of the duties and obligations attached to it. Is it decorous, is it graceful, is it necessary to speak of the immorality of these persons, and to ask for fresh powers to restrain it? We are told, in Parliament and out, that the Church was never more pure, more zealous, and more efficient than now; and we believe it. Yet what must a layman think, if, reading this Episcopal Charge, he finds the Bishop dissatisfied with the power he possesses of restraining the immorality of his clergy. The way to improve a man, is to place him in a situa

The

tion where his duties and interests will be united. Place him in a situation respected by society; give him an income raised above the sordid pittance upon which he is now all but starving; make him comfortable and independent, elevate him to a level above the mass of his parishioners; let men look up to him with respect for his station-in fact, let the Bishops use

their influence and interest in placing the body of the Clergy in such circumstances of comfort as they ought to possess, and they will be performing a more beneficial part, more honourable to themselves, and more advantageous to the community, than in dropping hints of their immorality, and thereby giving weapons of attack to the Philistines of Gath and Askalon.

ROYAL ACADEMY.-ARCHITECTURAL

DRAWINGS.

The erection of a new Hall for the Fishmongers' Company, at the principal entrance of the metropolis, afforded an opportunity of rare occurrence, for the display of talent. Here we might have expected to witness a design which would at once be an ornament to the site and a monument of English genius, attracting the gaze of every stranger on his arrival at the great city; but unfortunately corporation judgment is not always in unison with the dictates of good taste, and in this quality, the lapse of nearly a century has produced no improvement. The spirit of dullness which rejected Palladio's design for the Mansion-house, because this great architect was a non-freeman, would appear to have reigned despotic in the society which directed the erection of a large common-place, naked building, in one of the finest building sites perhaps ever witnessed.

In the present exhibition, there are six designs for this ball, viz. :

No. 886. A design submitted to the Fishmongers' Company, Dec. 1831. W. GRELLIER. No. 891. Sketch for a Public Building. S. ANGELL. No. 892. View of a Public Edifice designed for a site at the N.W. Angle of the New London Bridge. C. E. LANG. No. 949. Perspective View of a design for a New Hall for the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers. 1832. J. BOORER. No. 960. One of the designs for the Elevation at the front of the New Fishmongers' Hall facing the river.

R. J.

BARROW and F. LANG. No. 976. Perspective View of the New Hall proposed for the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers. J. GOLDICUTT'S.

In these designs, as well as others which have not met with so great publicity, the architects have in most instances merely aimed at designing a great house which possessed no character as the hall of a Company; it might be a tavern, or a town hall, a theatre, or a meeting-house; there was nothing in the elevation to mark its peculiar character. In three only of the six designs noticed above, the hall is

allowed to form a prominent feature. Of these, 967, Mr. Goldicutt's design is, without exception, the most beautiful and appropriate we have seen. In the front, towards the street, appears a small court separated from the foot path by iron gates: on two sides are ranged the private apartments of the structure, built in the Italian style of decoration, with a clock turret marking the principal entrance; the remaining side of the quadrangle was to be occupied by the hall, parallelogram of large dimensions peripteral, and crowned with an attic, the order Corinthian; the character of the building is marked by the attic, which sufficiently distinguishes it from a temple: if this design had been executed, London might have shewn one palatial building which need not veil its face before the proudest structure of Rome or Venice.

No. 892, by Mr. LANG, also shewed the hall in a prominent point of view; but the design was merely a copy of the Parthenon. It certainly would have been pleasing to have seen such a structure in a conspicuous situation in London, but architectural propriety would have been violated by a temple being erected for a banquetting hall.

No. 886. Mr. GRELLIER introduced the hall in the centre, with a hexastyle portico of the Ionic order; but it is incumbered with wings.

No. 891, No. 949, No. 960, are nearly as commonplace as the building which has been erected, and differ not very essentially from it.

No. 941. A Restoration of the Priory Church, at Christ-church, Hants. B.Ferrey. Mr. Ferrey is about to publish an historical account of the church and priory, illustrated by elucidations of its architecture, and he makes this design from documentary evidence to be given in his work. He shews a central tower in the Norman style with a leaded spire, as well as two large circular towers at the west end, raised on square basements, and capped by pyramids. At Rochester and Town Malling are similar turrets, but they are smaller, and appear rather as