Rome, Parthia & India: The Violent Emergence of a New World Order, 150–140 BCPen and Sword, 8 жовт. 2013 р. - 208 стор. Between 152 and 138 BC a series of wars from Africa to India produced a radically new geopolitical situation. In 150 Rome was confined to the western Mediterranean, and the largest state was the Seleukid empire. By 140 Rome had spread to the borders of Asia Minor and the Seleukid empire was confined to Syria. The new great power in the Middle East was Parthia, stretching from Babylonia to Baktria. These two divided the western world between them until the Arab conquests in the seventh century AD.These wars have generally been treated separately, but they were connected. The crisis began in Syria with the arrival of the pretender Alexander Balas; his example was copied by Andriskos in Macedon, formerly in Seleukid service; the reaction of Rome to defiance in Macedon, Greece and Africa produced conquest and destruction. The preoccupation of Seleukid kings with holding on to their thrones allowed Mithradates I of Parthia to conquer Iran and Babylonia, and in Judaea an insurrection was partly successful. Mithradates was able conquer in part because his other enemy, Baktria, was preoccupied with the nomad invasions which led to the destruction of Ai Khanum. One of the reasons for the nomad success in Baktria was the siphoning off of Greek strength into India, where a major expedition in these very years breifly conquered and sacked the old Indian imperial capital of Pataliputra.In the process the great cities of Carthage, Corinth, Ai Khanum, and Pataliputra were destroyed, while Antioch and Seleukeia-on-the-Tigris were extensively damaged. John Grainger's lucid narrative shows how these seismic events, stretching from India to the Western Meditteranean, interconnected to recast the ancient world. |
Зміст
Andriskos in Macedon | |
Romes Problems | |
Baktrian Problems | |
The Sack of Pataliputra | |
Roman Decisions | |
Parthia | |
The Burning of Antioch | |
Fragmentation | |
The Kingdoms Last Chance | |
Conclusion The World in 140 | |
Notes and References | |
Appendix | |
The Dynastic War in Syria 148145 | |
The Destruction of Carthage | |
The Sack of Corinth | |
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Rome, Parthia, India: The Violent Emergence of a New World Order 150-140 BC John D. Grainger Попередній перегляд недоступний - 2013 |
Загальні терміни та фрази
Achaian Africa Akhaimenid Alexander Balas Alexander's allies Ammonios Andriskos Antiochos III Antiquitates Judaicae Apamea Appian arrived Asia Minor attack Attalos Attalos II Babylonia Baktria brother campaign captured Carthage Carthaginian clearly coins commander conquest consul Corinth course death defeated Demetrios Diaios Diodotos doubt dynasty east eastern Egypt Elymais Empire enemies envoys Eukratides Euthydemos fighting forces garrison governor Greece Greek Hasdrubal Herakleides Hyspaosines independence India invasion Iran Iranian Italy Jonathan Josephos Judaea Justin Kabneskir kingship Kleopatra Thea lands Lasthenes league Libyan Wars Livy Lucullus Maccabees Macedon Macedonian Manilius Massinissa Mauryan Metellus military Mithradates Mummius nomad Palestine Paropamisadai Parthian Pausanias perhaps Perseus political Polybios population praetor presumably probably problem province Ptolemais-Ake Ptolemy raid rebellion region Roman army Rome Rome’s royal rulers Scipio Aemilianus seems Seleukeia Seleukid king Seleukid kingdom Seleukos Senate sent Sogdiana soldiers Spain Sparta success Susa Syria territory Timarchos took Tryphon victory Yuezhi