II. The delivery, to my flag, of all slaves in the dominions of the Dey, to whatever nation they may belong, at noon to-morrow. III. To deliver also, to my flag, all money received by him for the redemption of slaves since the commencement of this year, at noon also to-morrow. IV. Reparation has been made to the British Consul for all losses he may have sustained in consequence of his confinement. V. The Dey has made a public apology, in presence of his ministers and officers, and begged pardon of the Consul, in terms dictated by the captain of the Queen Charlotte. The Commander-in-chief takes this opportunity of again returning his public thanks to the admirals, captains, officers, seamen, marines, royal marine artillery, royal sappers and miners, and the royal rocket corps, for the noble support he has received from them throughout the whole of this arduous service; and he is pleased to direct, that on Sunday next a public thanksgiving be offered up to Almighty God for the signal interposition of his Divine Providence during the conflict which took place on the 27th between his Majesty's fleet and the ferocious enemies of mankind.' We cannot refrain from giving also Lord Exmouth's own account of the action written to his brother in an effusion of fraternal confidence, and never intended for the public eye, but which will, we believe, have more interest than any elaborate statement would have. It has pleased God to give me again the opportunity of writing you, and it has also pleased him to give success to our efforts against these hordes of barbarians. I never, however, saw any set of men more obstinate at their guns, and it was superior fire only that could keep them back. To be sure, nothing could stand before the Queen Charlotte's broadside. Everything fell before it; and the Swedish consul assures me we killed above five hundred at the very first fire, from the crowded way in which troops were drawn up, four deep above the gun-boats, which were also full of men. I had myself beckoned to many around the guns close to us to move away, previous to giving the order to fire; and I believe they are within bounds when they state their loss at seven thousand men. Our old friend John Gaze was as steady as a rock; and it was a glorious sight to see the Charlotte take her anchorage, and to see her flag towering on high, when she appeared to be in the flames of the Mole itself; and never was a ship nearer burnt; it almost scorched me off the poop; we were obliged to haul in the ensign or it would have caught fire. Every body behaved nobly. Admiral Milne came on board at two o'clock in the morning, and kissed my hand fifty times before the people, as did the Dutch Admiral, Van Capellan. I was but slightly touched in thigh, face, and fingers-my glass cut in my hand, and the skirts of my coat torn off by a large shot; but as I bled a good deal, it looked as if I was badly hurt, and it was gratifying to see and hear how it was received even in the cockpit, cockpit, which was then pretty full. My thigh is not quite skinned over, but I am perfectly well, and hope to reach Portsmouth by the 10th of October. Ferdinand has sent me a diamond star. Wise behaved most nobly, and took up a line-of-battle ship's station;-but all behaved nobly. I never saw such enthusiasm in all my service. Not a wretch shrunk anywhere; and I assure you it was a very arduous task, but I had formed a very correct judgment of all I saw, and was confident, if supported, I should succeed. I could not wait for an off-shore wind to attack; the season was too far advanced, and the land-winds become light and calmy. I was forced to attack at once with a lee-shore, or perhaps wait a week for a precarious wind along shore; and I was quite sure I should have a breeze off the land about one or two in the morning, and equally sure we could hold out that time. Blessed be God! it came, and a dreadful night with it of thunder, lightning, and rain, as heavy as I ever saw. Several ships had expended all their powder, and been supplied from the brigs. I had latterly husbanded, and only fired when they fired on us; and we expended 350 barrels and 5420 shot, weighing above 65 tons of iron. Such a state of ruin of fortifications and houses was never seen, and it is the opinion of all the consuls, that two hours' more fire would have levelled the town, the walls are all so cracked. Even the aqueducts were broken up, and the people famishing for water. The sea-defences, to be made effective, must be rebuilt from the foundation. The fire all round the Mole looked like Pandemonium. I never saw anything so grand and so terrific, for I was not on velvet, for fear they would drive on board us. The copper-bottoms floated full of fiery hot charcoal, and were red hot above the surface, so that we could not hook on our fire-grapnels to put the boats on, and could do nothing but push fire-booms, and spring the ship off by our warps, as occasion required.'-pp. 336-38. Lord Exmouth's services, and those of his fleet, were acknowledged as became such a victory; he was created a viscount, with an honourable augmentation to his already so honoured escutcheon, and the word Algiers as an additional motto; he received from his own sovereign a gold medal * struck for the occasion, and from the kings of Holland, Spain, and Sardinia, the stars of their orders-a sword from the City of London ;-and, finallywhat was likely to please such a man most of all-an unusually large proportion of distinction and promotion acknowledged the merits of the brave men who had served under him. We have been so copious in our account of the more active * We cannot but notice the extraordinary skill with which the fac-simile of this medal has been engraved for Mr. Osler's work. It is indeed almost a fac-simile, and the appearance of metallic relief is preserved with an accuracy which could never be attained until this new method of engraving was invented, in France, we believe, within these few years. We cannot give equal praise to the portrait of Lord Exmout prefixed to the volume. The engraving is good-but it seems to us a copy of a copy, and in the transition almost all resemblance has vanished. portion portion of Lord Exmouth's life, that we have room to add little more than that he was appointed, in 1817, commander-in-chief of the Plymouth station, and had the peculiar satisfaction of exhibiting in the very scene of the most glorious of his early exploits the final and highest honours of his profession. At the expiration of the usual time he struck his flag, and terminated his naval service on the 1st February, 1821. It was fifty years and three months since he had first gone to sea, and in those fifty years, if we are not misinformed, there were but eight years-being the aggregate of four intervals of peace-in which he was unemployed! He now resided principally in the pleasant neighbourhood of Teignmouth, where he cultivated the society of his family and his friends with a cheerful hospitality-deficient in nothing suitable to his acquired station, but in no respect inconsistent with the original simplicity of his manners, and the constant modesty and moderation of his personal deportment. He occasionally attended his duty in the House of Lords. Mr. Osler, on this subject, falls into the cant, very inconsistent with his usual candour and good sense, of applauding him for not being a party man. Undoubtedly he never permitted what are usually called mere party feelings to interfere with his duties to the public or to individuals under his pendant or his flag he was of no party-but if Mr. Osler means to deny that he had, like most English gentlemen, strong and faithful political attachments, and warm and steady political opinions, he is certainly mistaken, and his own work is evidence against his assertion. Lord Exmouth was attached, as we have seen, to Mr. Pitt's principles, and to Lord Sidmouth both politically and personally; and looking still higher, he maintained the strongest opinions on many of what were always called party questions, and was always ready to maintain what he thought the party of the constitution.-He never, we believe, either in the House of Commons or the House of Lords, gave one Whig vote. Amidst the party intoxication which misled and disgraced the country in 1820, he never wavered. During that turmoil he wrote to his brother The fact is, the people are mad, and the world is mad; and where it will end, the Lord only knows; but as sure as we live, the days of trouble are very fast approaching, when there will be much contention, and much bloodshed, and changes out of all measure and human calculation. You and I have no choice. Loyalty is all our duty, and we shall, no doubt, stick to it.'-pp. 350, 351. Again, on the state of Ireland and the Catholic question, which was, during the whole of Lord Exmouth's political life, the touchstone of party, Mr. Osler, after stating his own very just opinion that it was a great mistake to expect peace from concessions ex torted torted by violence, and calculated only to give increased power to the enemies of existing institutions, adds— 'Lord Exmouth held a very decided opinion upon this point, and foresaw that strong coercive measures would become necessary in consequence. He well knew how feeble would be the restraint imposed by any conditions contemplated by the advocates of change; and in allusion to the remark of a nobleman of the highest rank, who had expressed a belief that he would think differently, when he saw the securities which would accompany the concessions-" Securities!" he said, "it is all nonsense! I never yet could see them, and I never shall." While the question was in progress, he wrote "The times are awful, when the choice of two evils only is left, a threatened rebellion, or the surrender of our Constitution, by the admission of Catholics into parliament and all offices. I think even this will not satisfy Ireland. Ascendancy is their object. You may postpone, and by loss of character parry the evil for a short space; but not long, depend upon it. You and I may not see it, but our children will, and be obliged to meet the struggle man to man, which we may now shirk. By God alone can we be saved from such consequences: may He shed his power and grace upon us as a nation!"'—pp. 132, 133. And again more recently ⚫ Most painful, therefore, were his feelings, when revolt and anarchy in neighbouring countries were held up to be admired and imitated at home, until a praiseworthy desire of improvement had become a rage for destructive innovation. In a letter written at this time, Nov. 12, 1831, after alluding to his own declining strength, he thus proceeds :"I am fast approaching that end which we must all come to. My own term I feel is expiring, and happy is the man who does not live to see the destruction of his country which discontent has brought to the verge of ruin. Hitherto thrice happy England, how art thou torn to pieces by thine own children! Strangers, who a year ago looked up to you as a happy exception in the world, with admiration, at this moment know thee not! Fire, riot, and bloodshed, are roving through the land, and God in his displeasure visits us also with pestilence; and in fact, in one short year, we seem almost to have reached the climax of misery. One cannot sit down to put one's thoughts to paper, without feeling oppressed by public events, and with vain thought of how and when will the evils terminate. That must be left to God's mercy, for I believe man is at this moment unequal to the task."'-pp. 356, 357. The truth is, that Lord Exmouth was not only a true-born Englishman-a creature in whose composition party has always been an essential ingredient-but he was also, as our readers have seen, a man of natural sagacity and long experience, who saw the political storm approaching, and thought that our best chance of weathering it was by resisting all proposals for unseasonable innovations and experiments on the fabric, the fittings, or the discipline, of the vessel of the state, The The closing scene is now arrived. Early in 1832, after an extraordinary exemption from such trials in his own family, he lost one of his grandchildren; on that occasion he wrote, We have been long mercifully spared: death has at last entered our family, and it behoves us all to be watchful.' In May following died his younger brother, Rear-Admiral Sir Israel Pellew, who had shared. much of Lord Exmouth's public service, and had distinguished himself on many occasions, particularly in the command of the Conqueror, 74, at Trafalgar. Lord Exmouth, though he now travelled with difficulty and pain, could not refuse himself the melancholy satisfaction of a parting visit; their elder brother also came up from Falmouth on this painful occasion; they all met for the last time. Lord Exmouth then returned home, uever to leave it. He expired on the 23d January, 1833, placid and grateful, surrounded by his family, in the full possession of his faculties—in the soothing recollection of a glorious and a virtuous life, and in the still higher comfort and hope of a Christian spirit. We should not do justice to Lord Exmouth's memory, nor to still more sacred interests, if we did not add Mr. Osler's testimony as to the feelings on the most important of all concerns, which inspired and guided this admirable man-visibly in all times, but towards the close of his life, exemplarily—when his heart had, as it were, leisure from the affairs of the world to develope its natural piety. That moral elevation, not always associated with powerful talent and splendid success, which forms the most admirable part of Lord Exmouth's character, was derived from religion. Young as he was when he first entered the service, and though such principles and feelings could not be supposed then to be very strongly fixed, yet he was guarded in his conduct, and always prompt to check any irreverent allusion to serious subjects. His youth was passed in camps and ships, at a time when a coarse and profane conduct too much prevailed, now happily almost unknown; but he was never deterred by a false shame from setting a proper example. On board his first frigate, the Winchelsea, the duties of the Sunday were regularly observed. He always dressed in full uniform on that day, and, having no chaplain, read the morning service to his crew, whenever the weather permitted them to be assembled. Advancing in his brilliant career, the same feelings were more and more strikingly displayed. It was his practice to have a special and general service of thanksgiving after every signal deliverance or success. Too often is it found, that with the accession of worldly honours the man becomes more forgetful of the good Providence from which he received them. From this evil, Lord Exmouth was most happily kept; and additional distinctions only the more confirmed the unaffected simplicity and benevolence of his character. Finally, after the last and greatest of his services, |