The conditions and prospects of Ireland1848 |
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Загальні терміни та фрази
acres afford agricultural amount appears Arthur Young assistance better calamity capital circumstances commissioners con-acre Connaught cottiers court of chancery crop cultivation destitute difficulty distress districts Dublin dysentery effect electoral divisions emigration employ employment enabled England English estates evidence evil exertions exist expenditure expense extent farms flax gentry greatly guardians important improvement increased industry inhabitants injurious Irish Irish language land in Ireland landed proprietors landlord leases Leinster lessened linen live manufacture means ment middle class Munster non-resident number of labourers number of persons obtain outrage owner parish parliament paupers peasantry penal laws places plantation of Ulster poor poor-law poor-rates population portion possession potatoes present probably relief committees rent resident respects result Roman Catholic small farmers soup-kitchen subsistence suffering supply tenant tenant-right tion townland trade Ulster union wages waste lands whole workhouse
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 334 - In most cases whatever is done in the way of building or fencing is done by the tenant, and in the ordinary language of the country, dwelling-houses, form-buildings, and even the making of fences, are described by the general word
Сторінка 283 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him * Arthur Young's Trtnelt m francl, ml. ip 88. « Ibid. p. 61. a nine years lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Сторінка 283 - An activity has been here, that has swept away all difficulties before it, and has clothed the very rocks with verdure. It would be a disgrace to common sense to ask the cause; the enjoyment of property must have done it. Give a man the secure possession of a bleak lock, and he will turn it into a garden; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Сторінка 334 - Ireland, the landlord builds neither dwelling-house nor farm-offices, nor puts fences, gates, &c. into good order, before he lets his land to a tenant. The cases in which a landlord does any of those things are the exceptions.
Сторінка 30 - It was a machine of wise and elaborate contrivance, and as well fitted for the oppression, impoverishment, and degradation of a people and the debasement, in them, of human nature itself...
Сторінка 341 - ... it would be impossible to describe adequately the sufferings and privations which the cottiers and labourers and their families in most part of the country endure ;" that " in many districts their only food is the potato, their only beverage water ;" that " their cabins are seldom a protection against the weather ; " that " a bed ora blanket is a rare luxury ; " and that " nearly in all, their pig and their manure heap constitute their only property...
Сторінка 334 - It is well known, that in England and Scotland, before a landlord offers a farm for letting, he finds it necessary to provide a suitable farmhouse, with necessary farm buildings, for the proper management of the farm. He puts the gates and fences into good order, and he also takes upon himself a great part of the burden of keeping the buildings in repair during the term ; and the rent is fixed with reference to this state of things. Such, at least, is generally the case, although special contracts...
Сторінка 336 - Their condition is necessarily most deplorable. ' It would be impossible for language to convey an idea of the state of distress to which the ejected tenantry have been reduced, or of the disease, misery, and even vice, which they have propagated in the towns wherein they have settled; so that not only they who have been ejected have been rendered miserable, but they have carried with them and propagated that misery.
Сторінка 53 - The whole nature of Christian men appears, in such cases, to be changed, and, the one absorbing feeling as to the possession of land stifles all others. and extinguishes the plainest principles of humanity.
Сторінка 10 - To have exterminated the catholics by the sword, or expelled them, like the Moriscoes of Spain, would have been little more repugnant to justice and humanity, but incomparably more politic.