EXERCISE.

This prudent caution has been too much neglected by our young men, who dread fatigue more than danger.

Women are a considerable part of company; and as their suffrages go a great way towards establishing the character of a man in the fashionable part of the world, it is necessary to please them.

Mr. B- has been uncommonly successful in the new experiments he has made in agriculture. The late crop has been remarkably productive, and the annual revenue of his estate will soon be double to what it was some years ago.

A vulgar man is captious and jealous; eager and impetu ous about trifles. If you happen to laugh, he is persuaded you laugh at him. He grows testy, and often draws himself into a scrape by showing what he calls a proper spirit.

A judicious preacher always recommends those virtues. which he thinks his audience practises the least: truth at court; disinterestedness in the city; and sobriety in the country.

My eyes were fixed on those old men whilst they were thus speaking to me. They had a long and rough beard, short and grey hair, thick eye-brows, lively eyes, a steady countenance, a grave and commanding voice, plain and ingenuous

manners.

A man who is only sensible of those evils which he feels, has a hard heart; and if he cannot spare a kindness from himself, he has a narrow soul.

When we are in a contemplative mood, our steps are often directed to a spot so well calculated to create and cherish sentiments congenial with the state of our mind.

Young ladies who have been brought up far from the metropolis are always so high flown in their notions, that it is impossible to deal with them.

Naples cannot vie with Rome in the number of palaces, and the magnificence of the churches; but the private houses in general are better built, and more convenient.

This young gentleman has contracted at school, and among servants with whom he used to converse, a vulgar way of thinking, acting, and speaking; but he will lay it aside when he comes to frequent, good company.

Let the prince be distinguished by splendour and magnificence; let the great and the rich have their luxuries: but, in the name of humanity, let the poor, who are willing to labour, have food in abundance to satisfy the cravings of nature, and raiment to defend them from the inclemencies of the weather. The inhabitants of that town are so fond of emperors, that they claim a connexion even with Tiberius and Caligula, who had villas in their neighbourhood.

It is impossible not to hate men, if we believe them wicked; and to live with the wicked, if we do not hide our hatred by false demonstrations of joy.

A wise man does not judge by mere appearances. He does. not wait to prove his friends, till he is under the unavoidable necessity of having recourse to their kindness; for he is well persuaded, that in general he ought not to depend on them, unless they have an interest in obliging him.

In the settlements which were destitute of mines, the Spaniards, thirsting after gold and silver, went into the interior parts of the country to massacre the Indians.

A man who has sense, and is in the habit of reasoning, may do without the rules of Aristotle: in the same manner as a man who has a good ear may sing without the rules of music; but it is better to know them..

RULE II.

Q. I. Are nouns of dignities, titles, and liberal professions, followed by proper names; as, MARSHAL d'Estrées, or preceded in French by such words, as Monseigneur, Monsieur, Madame, Mademoiselle-Ex. My Lord ARCHBISHOP, Mr. ATTORNEY GENERAL, used without any article in French?

A. They will have the article definite; as, LE MARECHAL d'Estrées, Monseigneur L'ARCHEVÊQUE, Monsieur LE PROCUREUR GÉNÉRAL. Except these two, lord and lady, the former of which may be used with or without the article, and the other never has it. In speaking to the persons themselves, or before their friends and relations, one of the words Monsieur, Madame, must be put before the word of dignity and title.Ex. COLONEL, will you be one of us to day? MONSIEUR LE COLONEL, serez-vous des nôtres aujourd'hui? When people are

in habits of intimacy, and upon an equal footing, they are used as in English. COLONEL, serez-vous des nôtres ? Inferiors use military titles with the possessive pronoun: MON COLONEL, permettez moi.

Note. The article definite, with one of the words, Monsieur, Madame, Mademoiselle, is also put before names of abuse; as, MONSIEUR L'impudent, MR. Impudence; MADEMOISELLE LA libertine, Miss Romps: before substantives expressing the country of persons; as, MR. LE Français, MR. L'Anglais, &c.

Q. II. In mentioning the price and value of things, or the time by which actions are measured, things and persons hired or paid, is the same article used in both languages before the nouns of measure, weight, number, and time?

A. The article indefinite, a, an, which is then used in English, must be rendered by the definite, le, la.-Ex. Two pence A YARD, Deux sous LA VERGE (the yard). The preposition par (per) might also be used; as, deux sous PAR VERGE, But it is chiefly put before substantives which denote time; as, So much A MONTH, Tant PAR MOIS ; or, in mentioning what is paid for salary, wages, attendance, admittance to public places.-Ex. So much A HEAD, tant FAR TÊTE; So much a LESSON, tant PAR LEÇON.

Q. III. Is any article to be used in French before a substantive, which serves to qualify or characterize another spoken of before, that is, to determine what the preceding noun is ?-Ex. The Duke of York, a PRINCE OF THE BLOOD; or before one in the middle of a sentence, when that part of the sentence is an observation upon the other?-Ex. The cardinal had already secured fifteen voices; A NUMBER sufficient to exclude any other candidate.

A. I. The article used before a substantive which serves to characterize another spoken of before, is suppressed.-Ex. Le Duc d'York, PRINCE DU SANG. It must be observed, that, with respect to proper names, the qualifying substantive is often placed first.-Ex. Luctatius, A ROMAN; Polybius, THE HISTORIAN; Panetius, THE PHILOSOPHER; UN RoMAIN, nommé Luctatius; L'HISTORIEN Polybe; LE PHILOSOPHE Panétius.

A. II. The article is suppressed likewise before a substantive which begins an observation upon the preceding part of the sentence.-Ex. Le cardinal s'était déjà assuré de quinze voir; NOMBRE suffisant pour exclure tout autre candidat.

Note. The genius of the French language will not always admit of the second part of an English sentence, which is an observation upon the preceding one being translated literally : another turn must often be given to it, which is left to the judgment of the translator.-Ex. The next morning he attended at her door, where he was answered the lady was not at home: AN ANSWER WHICH surprised him the more, &c. Le lendemain matin il alla se présenter à sa porte; mais on lui dit qu'elle était déjà sortie. CETTE RÉPONSE le surprit d'autant plus que, &c. Q. IV. Is the article never used before a substantive which serves to qualify another?

A. It is expressed in French as well as in English, when that substantive is used by way of distinction.-Ex. The story of Gyges, THE FAMOUS LYDIAN MONARCH, is a memorable instance of it; L'histoire de Gygès, LE FAMEUX ROI DE LYDIE, en est un exemple mémorable. It serves likewise to give grace and elegance to the diction, when it comes before a substantive expressing a quality which the preceding noun possesses in a superior or in an exclusive degree, and by which it is particularly distinguished.-Ex. That town, formerly THE SEAT OF ARTS, is nothing but a heap of ruins; Cette ville, autrefois LE SÉJOUR DES BEAUX ARTS, n'est plus qu'un monceau de ruines*.

*Note 1. The article, especially the indefinite, is commonly left out at the title of a performance, or at the head of the sections into which books are divided.-Ex. A TREATISE ON the sublime, TRAITÉ du sublime; The PREFACE, Préface.

Note 2. The article indefinite is elegantly suppressed before a noun in the nominative, when preceded by jamais (never). -Ex. Never did A KING, or any king, ascend the throne; Jamais ROI ne montra sur le trône. But as the construction of this sentence likewise depends on another rule belonging to verbs, it will only be exemplified when that part of speech is treated of.

Note 3. Some nouns, which, with a preceding verb, serve to express but one idea, are used without an article.-Ex. avoir dessein, to intend; faire peur, to frighten. As no rule can be given for this construction, they are not the object of this treatise; but the greater part of them will be found, in a separate volume, among the idiomatical expressions of both languages.

EXERCISE.

Bishop Burnet very judiciously observes, that the subjects of a government, which is at once despotic and elective, labour under peculiar disadvantages.

My paper on the club of widows has brought me in seve→ ral letters, and, among the rest, a very long one from Mrs. President.

Mr. Wildman, no doubt but you have seen a great number of your companions who live by themselves; for a solitary life is that which is best adapted for man, and society is nothing but an artificial corruption.

A Frenchman, walking one day in the streets of Venice, inadvertently ran against a Venetian nobleman, who, pulling him gravely by the sleeve, asked him what beast he thought the most unwieldy: the Frenchman having honestly answered, an elephant. Well, Mr. Elephant, said the other haughtily, know that you ought not to jostle a Venetian nobleman.

Wine, which sold last year for two shillings a bottle, sells now for half a crown.

An author complained one day that his bookseller only gave him a crown a sheet for his novels. That is shocking, answered his friend: I think you disgrace the profession by lowering it to a crown a sheet; it would be better to starve.

As soon as he could mount a horse, he resumed his wonted labours; always rising before the sun, tiring three horses a day, and exercising his soldiers.

At the siege of Turin, the French, having broken into one of the subterraneous galleries which belonged to the citadel, were overheard by one Micha, a Piedmontese peasant, who was then working in the same place with about twenty men.

Ariosto, the famous Italian poet, was born at Reggio, a town in Lombardy. From his childhood, he showed great marks of genius, especially in poetry; but his father, who rather regarded profit than the inclination of his son, compelled him to study the civil law.

The interior police of the kingdom was neglected; an unerring proof of a bad administration.

He advanced fiercely to his father, and asked him what he meant by casting off his only son, and adopting a stranger; a treatment which he had not deserved, and with which he would not put up.