Зображення сторінки
PDF
ePub

OR

UNIVERSAL DICTIONARY

OF THE

ARTS, SCIENCES, LITERATURE, &c.

INTENDED TO SUPERSEDE

THE USE OF OTHER BOOKS OF REFERENCE.

ILLUSTRATED WITH

THREE HUNDRED and seventY PLATES AND MAPS.

SECOND EDITION,

IN TWENTY-THREE VOLUMES.

VOLUME VI.

EDINBURGH:

PRINTED HY JOHN BROWN, ANCHOR CLOSE,

FOR THE PROPRIETORS,

AND SOLD BY ALL THE BOOKSELLERS IN THE united kinGDOM.

1816.

[ocr errors][merged small][merged small]

CLEC

CLE

LECY, a town of France, in the department of Calvados, and chief place of a canton in the district of Falaife, containing about 1700 inhabitants. It is above 10 miles W. of Falaife.

CLEDAGH, the name of five rivers of S. Wales: which run as follows: 1. into the Clethy, in Pembrokeshire: 2. into the Muthvey, two miles E. of Langadock, in Caermarthenshire: 3. into the Neath, at Neath, in Glamorganshire: 4. into the fame, five miles N. of Neath: and, 5. into the Ufk, in Monmouthshire.

CLEDAGHNUAGH, a river of England, which runs into the Ufk, a mile W. of Abergavenny.

CLEDEN, the name of two towns of France, in the department of Finisterre, and ci-devant province of Brittany viz. 1. in the diftrict of Carhaix, 5 miles SW. Carhaix: 2. in the district of Ponteroix, 6 miles W. of Ponteroix.

CLEDER, a town of France, in the department of Finisterre, and chief place of a canton, in the diftrict of Lefneven, 4 miles W. of St Pol de Leon.

CLEDGE, among miners, denotes the upper ftratum of fuller's earth.

CLEDHEWEN, a river of S. Wales, which runs into the Dungledy, in Pembrokeshire.

CLEDOLL, a village of England, in Herefordfire, between Hatterel hills and Monmouth. CLEDONISMUS, Į a kind of divination, in CLEDONISM, Sufe among the ancients. The word is formed from and, which fignifies two things, a report and a bird. In the firft fenfe cledonism denotes a kind of divination drawn from words occafionally uttered. Cicero obferves, that the Pythagoreans made obfervation not only of the words of the gods, but of thofe of men; and accordingly believed the pronouncing of certain words, e g. incendium, at a meal, very unhappy. Thus, inftead of prifon, they used the word domicilum; and to avoid mentioning erinnys furies, faid eumenides. In the fecond fenfe, cledonism is a divination drawn from birds; the fame with OR

KITHOMANTIA.

(1.) CLEE, a village in Lincolnshire, between Grimsby and the Sea.

(2.) CLEE, ST MARGARET's, SW. of Clay-Hill, Shropshire.

CLEENISH, an island of Ireland, in lake Erne, 3 miles from Enniskillen.

CLEERE, ST, a town N. of Lefkard, Cornwall, VOL. VI, PART.

CLE

(1.) * CLEES. n.. The two parts of the foot of beafts which are cloven footed. Skinner. It is a country word, and probably corrupted claws. (2.) CLEES, a town of Bern. See ESCLEES. CLEETON, a town in Salop, S. of Clay-Hill. (1.) CLEEVE, near Culliton, Devonshire. (2.) CLEE, in Weftbury, Gloucestershire. (3.) CLEEVE BISHOP's, in Gloucestershire, be tween Cheltenham and Tewksbury.

(4.) CLEEVE PRIOR, in Worcesterfhire, 6 miles NE. of Evesham.

CLEVERS, or CLIVERS. See GALIUM.

(1.) * CLEF. n. f. [from clef, key, Fr.] In mufick, a mark at the beginning of the lines of a fong, which fhews the tone or key which the piece is to begin. Chambers.

(2.) CLEF, or CLIFF, expreffes the fundamental found in the diatonic fcale, which requires a determined fucceffion of tones and femitones, whether major or minor, peculiar to the note from whence we fet out, and refulting from its pofition in the fcale. Ilence, as it opens a way to this fucceffion, and discovers it, the technical term key is ufed with great propriety. But clefs rather point out the pofition of different musical parts in the general fyftem, and the relations which they bear one to another. A clef, fays Rouffeau, is a character in mufic placed at the beginning of a ftave to determine the degree of elevation occupied by that stave in the general claviary or system, and to point out the names of all the notes which it contains in the line of that clef. Anciently the letters by which the notes of the gamut had been fignified were called clefs. Thus the letter A was the clef of the note la, C the clef of ut, E the clef of mi, &c. In proportion as the fyftem was extended, the embarraffinent and fuperfluity of this multitude of clefs were felt. Gui d'Arezzo, who had invented them, marked a letter or clef at the beginning of each line in the ftave; for as yet he had placed no notes in the fpaces. In procefs of time they marked only one of the 7 clefs at the beginning of one of the lines only; and this was fufficient to fix the pofition of all the reft, according to their natural order: at laft, of these 7 lines or clefs they felected 4, which were called claves fignata, or difcriminating clefs; becaufe they fatiffied themfelves with marking one of them upon one of the lines, from which the powers of all the others might be recognized. Prefently afterwards

A

they

« НазадПродовжити »