serve itself, does not hesitate to disturb society by its intrigues against governments, and seeks to accomplish its ends by alliances with despotism.
Claims such as these mean a revolt against modern civilization, an intention of destroying it, no matter at what social cost. To submit to them without resistance, men must be slaves indeed!
As to the issue of the coming conflict, can any one doubt? Whatever is resting on fiction and fraud will be overthrown. Institutions that organize impostures and spread delusions must show what right they have to exist. Faith must render an account of herself to Reason. Mysteries must give place to facts. Religion must relinquish that imperious, that domineering position which she has so long maintained against Science. There must be absolute freedom for thought. The ecclesiastic must learn to keep himself within the domain he has chosen, and cease to tyrannize over the philosopher, who, conscious of his own strength and the purity of his motives, will bear such interference no longer. What was written by Esdras near the willow-fringed rivers of Babylon, more than twenty-three centuries ago, still holds good: "As for Truth it endureth and is always strong; it liveth and conquereth for evermore."
ABSORPTION, doctrine of, 122.
Abubeker invades Syria, 87.
Active intellect, 138.
Eneas Sylvius's description of the
British Isles, 265.
Agesilaus, his expedition, 5.
Alexander invades Persia, 6; death
of, 16.
Alexandria, foundation of, 17; Mu-
seum, 18; library, 19; captured
by Amrou, 94.
Al-Gazzali, quotation from, 101; on
the soul, 127.
Algebra invented by the Saracens,
112, 115, 304.
Alhazen, 117.
Alliance, Evangelical, 352.
Almagest, 112.
Al-Mamun measures the earth, 109,
155; his libraries, 112; quotation
from, 115; denounced, 142;
translates the "Syntaxis," 158.
Almansor at Bagdad, 111.
America, discovery of, 159; its
progress, 286.
American Revolution, 324.
Amrou invades Egypt, 93; consults
the khalif about the Alexandrian
Library, 102.
Anæsthetics, 318.
Anathema, Nicene, 53; of the Vati-
can Council, 350.
Andalusia, conquest of, 96; civili-
zation of, 141.
Animals, are they automata? 128-
136.
Antipodes, St. Augustine on the, 64.
Apollonius, his mathematical works,
29; water-clock of, 31.
Aquinas, St. Thomas, resists Averro-
ism, 150.
Arabs, their fatalism, 106; litera-
ture, 111; manufacture and agri-
culture, 117; inventions and dis-
coveries, 158.
Arbela, battle of, 6.
Archimedes, 28.
Argyll, Duke of, quotation from,
223.
Aristarchus, 156.
Arithmetic, Indian, 115.
Aristotelian philosophy, 22.
Arius, 51; councils respecting, 205.
Astronomy, Arabian, 116; periods
Assyrian printing, 14.
of progress, 232.
Atmospheric refraction, 117, 158.
Augustine denounces Pelagius, 56;
review of his writings; 58-62;
Auricular confession, 207.
on antipodes, 64.
Averroism, 124, 139; in Andalusia,
142; opposed by the Dominicans,
143; in Europe, 149; in Italy,
150, 210.
Babylon, 10.
Babylonian astronomy, 13.
Bacon, Lord, 233.
Bagdad a centre of science, 111.
Bahira converts Mohammed, 78.
Bartholomew's eve, 214.
Bede, Venerable, quotation from
the, 65.
Bozrah, fall of, 88.
Bradley discovers aberration of the
stars, 172.
Bruno, 177; is murdered, 180.
Buddhism, doctrine as to the soul, Copernicus, 167; his system estab-
Cajetan to Luther, 211.
Callisthenes, death of, 16.
Calvin, 213; burns Servetus, 216;
on predestination, 252.
Catholicity, the failure of, 285, 321.
Cape, the, doubling of, 163, 294.
Cardinals, college of, 276.
Carthage burned by the Saracens,
95; had introduced Latin Chris-
tianity, 95.
Cassini discovers the oblateness of
Jupiter, 188.
Censorship, 293.
Chain of Destiny, 108.
Chakia Mouni, 138.
Chaldean Church established, 73;
observations, 13.
Chemistry, origin of, 112-116.
Chosroes invades the Roman Em-
pire, 76; captures Jerusalem, 76;
carries off the cross, 77.
Christianity, origin of, 34; pagan-
ization, 46; transformed into a
political system, 52.
Chronology, vulgar, 184; patristic,
184,
Chronometer, 312.
Church, Catholic, its numbers, 328;
its pretensions; 329; appanage
of Italy, 341; its claims, 365.
Circumnavigation of the earth, 163.
Civilization and Catholicity, 282.
Clay libraries, 13.
Clementine Constitutions, 211.
Colenso on the Pentateuch, 219.
Coliseum, 256.
Colleges, Arabian, 214.
Columbus, voyage of, 159;
ers the line of no variation, 162.
Confusion of tongues, 186.
Conservation of force, 358.
Constantine becomes emperor, 39;
his gift to the pope, 272.
Constitution, dogmatic, of Catholic
faith, 344, 354.
Cooling of the earth, 245.
Cosmas Indicopleustes, 64, 154.
Cosmogony, scientific, 188.
Councils determine truth, 204; in-
fallible, 226.
Creation and evolution, 192.
Crisis, impending, 327.
Criterion of truth, 201.
Crown of thorns, 270.
Ctesibius invents the fire-engine, 31.
Curia, its business, 274.
Cyril murders Hypatia, 55; bribes
the eunuch, 72.
Damascus, fall of, 76, 89.
Death, introduction of, into the
world, 56.
Decretals, Isidorian, 271.
De Dominis, punishment of, 319.
De Gama, 163, 294.
Degree, measure of a, 165, 236.
D'Elcano, Sebastian, completes cir-
cumnavigation, 164.
Deluge, its date, 185.
Descartes on automata, 128-130;
his geometry, 305.
"De Tribus Impostoribus," 148.
Development theory, 118, 248.
Diocletian opposes Christianity, 38;
abdication of, 39.
Dionysius Exiguus constructs chro-
nology, 184.
Dogmatic constitution of Catholic
faith, 344, 354.
Domestic improvements, 314-316.
Dual government, 266, 342.
Dualism, 15.
Du Bois-Reymond on the ant, 129.
Earth, its form, 108; measured by
Al-Mamun, 109; theological view
of, 153; measures of, 155, 165;
circumnavigation of, 164; meas-
ured by the French, 166; dimen-
sions of, 167, 174; distance from
the sun, 173; age of, 182; oblate-
ness of, 189; formation of, 189;
antiquity of, 194; decline of her
heat, 244.
East, the, peculiarities of its reli-
gious opinions, 69.
Ecclesiastic, the, recommended to
remember the past, 360.
Edessa, college of, 73.
Electric telegraph, 311.
Emanation, doctrine of, 122, 358.
Encyclical Letter, 352.
Encyclopædias, Arabian, 114.
England, population of, 262.
Ephesus, Council of, 72.
Epiphanius on mineralogy, 214.
Eratosthenes, his works, 28; meas-
ures the earth, 155.
Erigena, his philosophy, 125.
Euclid, 27.
Europe, its social condition, 264,
268, 270; at the Reformation,
265; dual government in, 266;
population, 264, 327; sects of,
Evangelical Alliance, 352.
Everlasting gospel, 148, 206.
Evolution, doctrine of, 247.
Eymeric, the inquisitor, 208.
Ezra, author of the Pentateuch,
222; quotation from, 367.
Hipparchus, 29.
Holy Ghost, finger of the, 270.
Fathers of the Church, their char- Honian the bookseller, 113.
Logarithms, invention of, 306.
Luther, 212, 295; against Aristotle,
Macedonian campaign, 7.
Magellan, his voyage, 164, 294.
Magianism, 15; overthrown by Mo-
hammed, 92.
Maimonides, 143.
Man, antiquity of, 195; develop-
Martel, Charles, overthrows the Sar-
ment of, 249.
acens, 97.
Mathematics, 303.
Maurice, the Emperor, 74.
Medical colleges, Saracen, 115; im-
provements, 318.
Memory, explanation of, 134.
Menu, Institutes of, 122.
Mercantile inventions, 317.
Mexico, diminution of population,
262; civilization of, 289.
Miracle-evidence, 66, 206.
Mississippi, advance of the, 190.
Moawyah, the Khalif, 110.
Mohammed, at Bozrah, 78; his
marriage, 80; battles, 82; death,
83; religious opinions of, 84.
Mohammedanism an offshoot of
Nestorianism, 85; popular doc-
trines of, 86, 101.
Monotheism, tendency to, 35; ori-
gin of, 70.
Moors expelled from Spain, 148.
Mosaic record, objections to the,
195.
Municipal improvements, 315.
Museum, Alexandrian, 18, 20, 33.
Nebular hypothesis, 239-243.
Negro slavery, 288.
Neptune, discovery of, 237.
Nervous system, functions of, 131.
Nestor, 51; follows the opinions
of Theodore of Mopsuestia, 71;
quarrels with Cyril, 72; trial of,
72; death of, 73.
Nestorians are Aristotelians, 73;
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