tion, amounting to uterine hemorrhage. In consequence of these discharges she was reduced to a state of great debility, which was farther increased by night sweats and diarrhoea; her lips and cheeks were perfectly pale, and she was emaciated in the last degree. There had been considerable difficulty in bringing away the placenta. On examination per vaginam, a tumour was found in the vagina of the size and shape of a pear. Dr. Clarke was called in consultation, and it was agreed that this tumour was polypus uteri, and that the ligature ought to be applied. The ligature when applied produced so much pain that a second examipation was made, when it was ascertained that the tumour was the uterus partially inverted. For the patient's safety it was indispensable to do something to check the discharge: the ligature was continued and cautiously tightened, so that at the end of three weeks the tumour came away, and was found to consist of the fundus uteri and fallopian tubes. The patient's health now amended rapidly, and at the end of a year natural menstruation was established.

The other case, that of Mrs. B. Æt. 27, was every way similar; great debility and oedema of the lower extremities had taken place. There was also in this case enlargement of the left ovarium. The ligature was applied on the 19th of November, 1816, and on tightening it on the 20th, retention of urine, and considerable uneasiness were the consequence. Feverishness supervening, the ligature was obliged to be removed entirely for a time, but it was hoped, as the discharge had become putrid, that the vessels had undergone sufficient pressure to prevent the recurrence of hemorrhage. This hope proved fallacious. In three weeks the hemorrhage returned, and the ligature was again applied. January 2. Considerable fever, headache and restlesness, but no pain or tenderness in the belly. She had purgative medicines, and an anodyne at bed time, and on the 3d she was free from the feverishness. On the 12th, the canula came away, and the tumour, which proved to be the fundus uteri, and, fallopian tubes, was found lying in the vagina. In a month she could walk abroad, the discharge had entirely ceased, and she was regaining strength rapidly. The portion of the uterus which was removed in the first case, is preserved in the museum of the College of Surgeons.

It was long thought, that this was a complaint which could admit of palliation only. Dr. Denman says, "All that art can do is to alleviate their sufferings, to moderate symptoms, and sometimes to support the perpending uterus, by means of a flat pessory." M. A. Petit, of the Hotel Dieu, Lyons, mentions a CASE where an eminent surgeon passed a ligature round an inverted uterus of three years dura. tion, thinking it was a polypus, and by that means rescued the woman from the lingering death which threatened her. In all cases in which this treatment has been since adopted, it has proved successful. It is even of consequence to know that the hemorrhage from inverted uterus may be restrained by means of the ligature, a fact ascertained by Dr, Clarke, of Dublin, as early as 1803.

On the Use of Cayenne Pepper in Gonorrhoea, Female Discharges, and

Scrophula.

(By a Correspondent.)

THE utility of the cubebs in gonorrhoea is now generally known and admitted; but it is still doubtful whether it acts simply as a tonic, or by some specific effect which it may have over the urinary organs. So far as gonorrhea and gleet occur in the male, or affect the urethra of the female, there may be some grounds for sup posing that the cubebs acts upon the urinary organs, independently of its effect upon the general health. But we find that this remedy is nearly as effectual when the discharge is from the vagina as when it is from the urethra. In such cases its specific effect cannot take place.

We have heard, upon good authority, that Cayenne pepper is quite as successful in the cure of these morbid discharges as the cubebs; and it has this recommenda

tion, that it is cheaper and much more easily taken. Formed into two-grain pills, it may be tried in all cases; two of the pills to be taken thrice daily, to begin with. The dose requires to be gradually increased, perhaps an additional pill daily, or even more. In the course of three or four days the discharge is usually diminished, though, unless the state of the bowels be very particularly attended to, it is very apt to recur as bad as before. This medicine, in the above doses, acts as a mild and very efficacious tonic, improving the appetite and the general state of the health in a very considerable degree. Whether its effects are purely those of a tonic, or whether it has any specific infinence on the urinary organs, is quite as doubtful as whether the cubebs has the same effect. We have heard it recommended also in scrophulous sores, and it is said that it lessens the discharge from these sores. If it does so, we can easily conceive how it acts in gonorrhoea and gleet; and we see no reason why it may not be tried in all sores which discharge profusely. Although we have reason to think rather highly of this remedy, especially as a substítute for the cubebs, we are very much disposed to think that it acts chiefly, if not solely, by its mild tonic qualities. We are not, for the most part, very partial to substitutes for good or standard medicines, though it seems to be the penchant of some to hunt for nothing else but substitutes for bark, mercury, ipecacuan, &c. each of which substitutes they clamourously land as infinitely superior to the original medicines. Such we conceive to be the case with Dr. Zollickoffer's proposal to substitute apocynum androsæmifolium for ipecacuan; M. Chrestien's preparations of gold as substitutes for mercury; and the countless number of substitutes for the bark. These observations, however, do not apply to the use of Cayenne pepper, as it is cheaper, much easier taken, and quite as effectual as the cubebs.

Case of Caesarean Operation, in which the Mother and twin Infants were saved. By M M. HORN, Father and Son.*

On the 27th of January, 1821, the Messrs. Horn performed the Cesarean operation on the wife of one Amos, of Fischelbach, and had the satisfaction to save both the mother and twin infants. In consequence of the violent inflammation of the genital organs supervening after a laborious parturition thirteen years before, the superior part of the vagina was found adhering to the os uteri, and firmly cicatrized. Between the labia majora, there was an aperture of not more than an inch in extent, and which, with great difficulty, could allow, of the immisio penis. This aperture contracted into a narrow tortuous canal, the dimensions of which could not so easily be taken. Through this, the menstrual discharge came away. After recovering from the operation, the woman lived in her usual state of health for nine months after, and also the twin infants, who had been recommended to a good nurse. The Messrs. Horn attest the narrowness of the vagina, and the perfect adherence of its superior portion to the os uteri. Taking these circumstances into consideration, M. Hufeland is inclined to think that the case furnishes an argument in favour of the theory, which supposes conception to be affected by the aura seminale.

Glasgow Medical School.

[The following complete account of this rising School has been transmitted to us from Glasgow.-EDITOR.]

UNIVERSITY.

Anatomy. Dr. Jeffery. Six Months' Course beginning in November, fee Sl. 3s Theory and Practice of Medicine. Dr. Freer. Six Months' Course beginning in November, fee 31. 3s. Surgery. Mr. John Burns. Five Months' Course begin

* Hufeland's Journal des Practisch. Heilunde.

ning in November, fee 21. 2s. Midwifery. Mr. Towers. Six Months' Course beginning in November, fee 21. 2s. Chemistry. Dr. Thomson. Six Months' Course beginning in November, fee 31. 33. Materia Medica and Pharmacy. Dr. Millar, Six Months' Course beginning in November, fee 31. 3s. Botany. Dr. Hooker. Three Months' Course beginning in May, fee 31. 3s. Natural History. Dr. Muirhead. Six Month's Course beginning in November, fee 21. 2s. Natural Philosophy. Dr. Meikleham. Six Months' Course beginning in November, fee 21. 2s.

ANDERSONIAN INSTITUTION.

Anatomy and Physiology. Mr. Mackenzie. Three Months' Course, beginning in August, fee 11. 1s. Chemistry. Dr. Ure. Six Months' Course beginning in November, 21. 28. Materia Medica and Pharmacy. Dr. Ure. Six Months' Course beginning in November, fee 11, 1s. Natural Philosophy. Dr. Ure. Six Months' Course, beginning in November, fee 17, 18.

PRIVATE.

Anatomy. Mr. Mackenzie. Six Months' Course, beginning in November, fee 21. 12s. 6d Anatomy. Mr. Mackenzie. Three Months' Course, beginning in May, fee 1. 11s. 6d. Anatomy and Physiology. Mr. Brown. Four Months' Course, beginning in November, fee 11. Is. Anatomy and Physiology. Mr. Hunter. Six Months' Course, beginning in November, fee 11. 11s. 6d. Anatomy, Physiology, Medicine, and Medical Jurisprudence. Mr. Pettigrew. Six Months' Course, beginning in November, fee 1. 1s. Surgery. Mr. Mackenzie. Six Months Course, beginning in November, fee 11. 1s. Diseases of the Ear. Mr. Mackenzie. Three Months' Course, beginning in May, fee I. Is. Midwifery. Mr, Armour. Six Months' Course, beginning in November, fee 11. 1s. Midwifery. Mr. Armour. Three Months' Course, beginning in May, fee 17. 1s. Botany. Mr. Rattray Mineralogy. Dr. William Cowper.

OCCASIONAL.

Clinial Medicine. The Physicians to the Royal Infirmary. Clinical Surgery. The Surgeons to the Royal Infirmary. Medical Jurisprudence, Mr. Mackenzie and Mr. Armour. Midwifery. Mr. Hosie. Theory and Practice of Medicine. Dr. William Thomson.

PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS.

Royal Infirmary, fee for Twelve Months, 31. 3s. Royal Botanic Garden; Hunterian Museum. (Dr. William Hunter's.)

DIPLOMAS.

Degree of Doctor in Medicine; from the University, 301. Degree of Master in Chirurgery; from the University, 101. Surgical Diploma; from the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons, 57.

The candidates for the diploma of M. D. must give satsifactory evidence of their having attended three Courses, six months each, of Anatomy and Surgery; two of the Theory and Practice of Physic; two of Chemistry; two of Materia Medica and Pharmacy; one of Midwifery; and one of Botany; (on all of which they must be examined in Latin;) of their having studied Medicine for three years in some University or Universities, or two or more years in London, and one at Glasgow. It is optional to publish a thesis.

Critical Characteristics of New Books,

I-An Epitome of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, whereby the art of prescribing scientifically may be facilitated. By REES PRICE, M.D. 12mo. London, 1822. Price 3s.

WE once heard the following history of a manuscript work of this sort. An apothecary of some ingenuity drew out from the Pharmacopoeias, Dispensatories, &c. an abstract for the use of his apprentices, which was so much admired by a certain physician, that he requested to have a copy of it. The copy was obligingly furnished; but the apothecary's surprise may be guessed, when in a few weeks after, one of his young men came in, with the abstract neatly printed, and the name of his friend the physician emblazoned on the title page as its author. We do not insinuate in the remotest manner, that this applies to the epitome before us ; we only mention the fact to show, that Dr. Price is not the first person who has published a Manual of Pharmacy, and that the idea at least is not original, whatever the execution may be. Dr. Price's work is as correct, and as useful as the Iliad in a nut-shell can be.

II. Anatomical and Physiological Commentaries. By HERBERT MAYO, Surgeon and Lecturer on Anatomy, No. I. August, 1822. pp. 120. 8vo. [With eight Lithographic Plates of the Brain, from Reil.] London, 1822.

THE greater portion of this publication consists of Reil's Essays on the Structure of the Brain, illustrated by copies of the original plates, which have hitherto been little known to English readers. Mr. Mayo has followed his author with enthusiasm and ability, and has made some ingenious remarks on his details The other subjects introduced, are "observations on a vital principle," in which he explains the bearing of his doctrine on Materialism;-experiments illustrating the phenomena of muscular action, whence he concludes that the voluntary muscles are relaxed in a natural state, and contracted only from casual extraneous impression, while on the contrary, the action of the heart results immediately from the structure of "this muscular viscus "*—and experiments to determine the influence of the portio dura of the seventh, and the facial branches of the fifth pair of nerves in opposition to the conclusions of Mr. Charles Bell and Mr. Shaw, and agreeing with our correspondent Mr. Wallace (see above page 294) the promised sequel of whose interesting paper, we regret to say, has not yet come to hand.

III. On the Use of Moxa, as a Therapeutical Agent. By BARON D. J. LARREY, &c. Translated from the French, with Notes, and an Introduction, containing a History of the Substance. By ROBLEY DUNGLISSON, Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, &c. &c. pp. 76 and 148. 8vo. London, 1822.

In our last volume, we gave a condensed analysis of the first part of the original work of Baron Larrey, and though we intended then to have continued the article,

* When will our medical writers abandon these affected Medical pronouns, which look, indeed, as if they were afraid to use the language?—IT

+ What substance? Cotton or what?

we have been prevented by circumstances from completing our design. This, bowever, is of less importance, as we are almost certain that the moxa will not readily come into repute in this country, so strong is the prejudice both of patients and surgeons to direct application of fire to the skin. We have seen the actual cautery employed in this country in the case of a hemorrhage, after extirpating a tumour under the orbit; but this was somewhat a matter of necessity, and not like moxa applied as a remedy for an internal disease, We are told, indeed, that the pain is comparatively less than that from a blister, but though this may be so, it would not be so easy to persuade the patient, that a roll of burning cotton applied to the skin, will not be painful. Notwithstanding this, however, we should feel no hesitation in trying it in cases which proved obstinate to blisters and other counter-irritants. We understand, that the moxa is now undergoing a trial in some of our Hospitals, but as yet the results have not been quite so satisfactory as the high praise of continental writers might have led to anticipate.

Mr. Dunglisson has executed his part of the work with zeal and ability. He has gone into a minute research concerning the history of the application, which exhibits considerable erudition, and will be read with some interest. The perusal has left on our minds a very favourable impression of the author, whom we hope soon to meet with again in some more popular line of inquiry than we fear this is likely to prove. Chronic prejudices, he will find, are no less difficult to eradicate than chronic diseases, and we are certain he will find twenty patients who will submit cheerfully to a blister, where he will scarcely find one who will not shrink back from his burning cotton, as from a basilisk. Disguising the remedy under the pretty name of moxa, may do well enough to tingle the ear of a Frenchman to consent, "but they order things rather differently in England."

IV. Inquiry respecting Mr. Charles Whitlaw's Practice in Scrophula and Cancer; and the propriety of instituting an Asylum under his care for these complaints. By A. RENNIE, Surgeou. pp. 38. 8vo. Burgess and Hill, London, 1822. Price 28.

We have long been of opinion, that so long as credulity prevails in the world, it is quite a hopeless and Quixotic undertaking to attempt to put down quackery. On this account, we think that the pamphlet before us will have but very small success in its design of opening the eyes of such as have been gulled into the belief of the profound knowledge of scrophula and cancer, possessed by the wild Indians of the American woods, and philanthropically imported into Britain by Mr. Whitlaw, whợ contrives to persuade his deluded patients that every bruise, scratch, or pimple which they happen to have, is either cancer, scrophula, or something worse, and that he alone can cure them. Our author, for example, gives an instance in which hydrocele was treated by this Indian elève, as a cheesy scrophula, and another in which an inguinal gland, inflamed from a bruise, was treated as a malignant cancer. But we cannot spend time nor space on such a subject; and we would advise the author, who seems to have some quickness of talent, to turn his mind to something more profitable than the gainless task of exposing quackery. The looseness of the style shows that the author is an unpractised writer. In the second part which has been announced, we would advise him, for his own credit to revise with more care, or what would be still better to burn the MS, and leave Mr. Whitlaw to himself. We see by the public prints, that on the motion of one of Mr. Whitlaw's friends, the sitting of the Asylum committee is adjourned till this day six months. Sic transit gloria! This, we have heard, is due to our author's philanthropic exertions,