ignorance, though we are aware Dr. Haslam is not infallible we shall take the first count of the charge, which accuses him of omitting to discuss the question of the connection between mind and matter.s

Dr. Haslam, for example, in adverting to the etymological argument from which Horne Tooke, and others, attempted to prove the MATERIALITY of the MIND; allows the premises their whole weight-but, justly arrives at the opposite conclusion. He quotes Sir I. Newton, who profoundly remarked, that "all language applied to GoD, is taken from the affairs of men, by some semblance," and he says similarly of the mind, that all the language applied to it is muteriul, but metaphorical; and as we cannot speak at all of mind, without using a material simile, or metaphor, he concludes that the mind must be something different from matter; in the same way as from Sir I. Newton's remark, we would infer, that the Deity is very different from man, though in speaking of God, we always use terms applicable in a direct sense only to man, and can, indeed, understand no other. But to the Spurzheimites of The New Edinburgh, all this is, of course, puerile and superficial, because it is intelli gible, and they are sworn to wage implacable war with every thing that is plain and stript of mysticism, Had Dr. Haslam's work contained nothing but this single argument, which, besides, he has beautifully illustrated, he would have deserved the thanks of all those whom the quibbles of the French physiologists, and their English disciples, have ever led to doubt the existence, not only of their own minds, but even of the existence of the Deity. One of Dr. Haslam's illustrations we shall give. To remember, is derived from re, again, and member, a limb; and of course, signifies, metaphorically, the act of the mind, by which it puts together the members of its preceding knowledge. To recollect, he explains in a similar manner, to mean a re-gathering of ideas, though the pur-blind Reviewer "looked in vain for any explanation" in the book.

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We think this alone, amply sufficient to exculpate our author from the ignorant charges brought against him, but we shall add two other instances, from those which convinced the Reviewer that Dr. Haslam does not possess "a mind at all equal to such inquiries."-The first is a curious instance of recollection, and proves, no doubt, that Dr. Haslam is incapable of observation.

At four years of age, a child was brought to its dying mother, with whom she remained three days. Sixteen years after, the young lady returned to the place where her mother died, but had lost all recollection of the exterior of the house, and did not

even know the name of the village where it was. On entering the room in which her mother had been confined, she exclaimed: "I have been here before; the prospect from the window is quite familiar to me, and I remember, that in this part of the room there was a bed, and a sick lady who kissed me and wept." On enquiry, none of these circumstances had ever occurred to her recollection during this long interval. Dr. Haslam wit nessed the recognition, and he had also seen the child with her mother. There is a similar instance, beautifully fancied, and described in Guy Mannering, when Bertram returns to Ellangowan.

His observations on the WILL OF INFANTS, and on INSTINCT, are equally simple and ingenious. The infant, he says, seems to have no control over its motions, which appear to be more spasmodic than otherwise. The flow of saliva and urine are also involuntary, without its seeming conscious of such. It must advance in power of mind, before it can direct any of its limbs; for direction implics knowledge. In the imperfection of the senses of sight, feeling, &c., volition would be useless. We never remember these early trials of our powers; because, if we did, it would not only be superfluous, but the source of much error; since we are the architects of all our mental acquirements.

In man all distinctions give place to reason. Animals are all stationary in species, and even the few individuals which are taught a few things, never transmit them to their descendants; nor do they ever practice them alone; for no bear ever danced alone for his own amusement. If they have reflection, therefore, it seems to be of no use to them. Animals form an estimate of what they cannot accomplish:-a horse will not attempt a leap which he cannot clear; and an old hound will spare himself fatigue, by knowing the doubles of the hare. But how could a she-cat, the first time she kittened, know to secure, as she does, the navel-string of her kittens.

We need only add in the terms of the motto-Nocens absolvitur et judex (qu. pædagogus?) damnatur-valde damnatur.

THE FACULTY OF THE XIXTH CENTURY versus THE SAME REVIEW.

THIS cause arose out of the preceding. The Reviewers not contented with brandishing their ferula (telum imbelle, we think, it is called in some school-book,) over Dr. Haslam; make a

pass at the whole medical profession of the first quarter of the nineteenth century,” in the following words :-"We have reason to fear (why that the science of mind is not cultivated by this profession with all the attention which its importance deserves, and we regret that a knowledge of it does not constitate a part of the elementary education requisite for obtaining a medical diploma." Now why should they regret this, except to have conferred on themselves the office of elementary in"structors, in their university, where alone, we believe, it is not required of physicians. It is required—(though this the Edinburgh tenant of a twelfth floor could not know,) at Oxford, Cambridge, Dublin, Glasgow, and, we believe, all the universi'ties on the continent, even Moscow and Petersburgh not excepted. To promote their laudable wish for office, they proceed to say, "We shall endeavour, on a future occasion, to point out how the deficiency may be removed, and to state a few of the advantages which would result to the profession from a more perfect knowledge of the philosophy of man, than they in general, seem at present, to possess." Very obliging indeed to undertake to lesson the whole medical faculty; and very similar, we can fancy, to Captain Bobadil undertaking to drill the Duke of Wellington in the tactics of war! We are really astonished at the effrontery and impertinence of this confraternity of pedants! But we shall suspend judgment on these knights of the ferula till they bring forth the above threatened bravado of lessoning; and the cause is accordingly adjourned sine die.

IF Dr. Wilson Philip had been as well skilled in puffing as he is in experimenting, he would, we are persuaded, have ac

A Treatise on Indigestion and its Consequences, called Nervous and Bitions Complaints, with Observations on the Organic · Diseases in, which they sometimes terminate. By A. P. W. Philip, M.D. F.R.S. &c. Pp. 391. 8vo, Second Edition, London, 1827.

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quired a much higher reputation, than his modesty and plain good sense, have been able to procure for his originality of research in medicine and physiology. His character is, in this spect, truly English, without a particle of the forwardness and frippery, which are so obtrusive in the French savans, and their English imitators. We were very much struck with this contrast in reading his admirable work on the Vital Functions, in which, though he completely overturns many of the boasted conclusions of M. Le Gallois, that, according to the Report of the French Institute, had proved all former systems erroneous, and were to form a grand era in Physiology; yet, so much better skilled are MM. Le Gallois and Cuvier in exhibiting themselves and telling their story to advantage, that Dr. Wilson Philip, even with a better cause, and with truth on his side, appears from his modesty, to be but a small philosopher beside the high-toned Frenchmen. Sallust in his Cataline ascribes all the glory of Grecian achievement to the eloquence of their historians; and for a similar reason, we should think, that had Dr. Wilson Philip read memoirs of his discoveries in the French Institute, and had had reports of them drawn up by Cuvier, the secretary, instead of sending them to the Royal Society of London in his own plain and manly style, he would at this moment be famed throughout Europe as the greatest philosophical physician and physiologist of the age.

But though his merits have not been thus prematurely lauded, his works on the Vital Functions, and on Fevers, have been gradually gaining ground in the esteem of the profession, and will, we have no doubt, honourably establish his reputation on a permanent basis. The work now before us, upon perhaps the most generally prevalent, and of course the most important class of diseases, manifests the same accuracy of observation, the same ardour of experimental research, and the same judgment in the constitutional and local treatment, which distinguish Dr. W. Philip's former well known works; and the rapid sale of the first edition is the best proof of his rising reputation, as well as the merit of the book. As the subject is of considerable interest to the profession, notwithstanding the numerous able works which have lately appeared on it, we shall give a brief digested analysis of the most useful parts of the work, from which our readers will be better able to judge of its merits and value, than from any thing which we can say in its praise. We shall not in doing this confine ourselves to what is strictly origitab in Dr. Wilson Philip, but give, as far as our limits permit, a fair miniature of the whole work.

The SYMPTOMS of indigestion may be conveniently and

naturally arranged under three stages. The FIRST STAGE is characterised by such symptoms as arise from food remaining undigested in the stomach and bowels, though their functions be otherwise healthy and natural. These symptoms are flatulence, distention, and disagreeable eructations; which indeed may at times occur in the healthiest individuals, although occasioning only temporary uneasiness. But when, from incautiously eating indigestible food, or from overloading the stomach, these symp toms frequently recur, the hitherto healthy state of the viscera is changed, and the secretions become disordered and unhealthy. The mouth is clammy, and the tongue white or brownish; the appetite is impaired; there is thirst; and the feet are apt to be cold. The first strongly marked symptom, however, is depression of strength, or great feebleness and langour, both of body and mind. The natural discharges then become altered. The fæces are either darker, from the bile being too copious or vitiated; or they are too light, from a deficiency of bile-sometimes indeed they become quite black. The urine is apt to deposit a pink or lateritious sediment, which experiment proves to indicate too much acid in the system; or it is turbid with white mucous-like flakes, indicating superabundant alkalescence.When the bowels are loose, the urine is copious and pale, as is the case in high nervous excitement; when constipated, the urine is scanty and high coloured. The skin separates nearly the same sort of matter from the blood as the kidneys; and when from debility it becomes dry and torpid, or is constricted by cold, both the urine and the alvine discharge are in consequence increased. The symptoms arising from sympathy are innumerable: head-aches, dimness of sight, floating spectra, ringing in the ears, with pains and uneasiness in the extremities, are some of the most usual. Great care should be taken to distinguish between debility and depression of strength, as they require very opposite treatment. Recovery from debility must always be slow; while from depression, it may be rapid in proportion as the cause has been of short duration, or is easily removed..

The SECOND STAGE is characterized by a tenderness on pressure of the soft parts on the right side, in a spot about the size of a shilling, lying between the pit of the stomach and the bend of the ribs, and corresponding, as Dr. Wilson Philip ascertained by dissection, to the extremity of the pylorus. The patient is seldom aware of this till the physician points it out an admirable, professional secret, for gaining the reputation of skill and sagacity. When this tenderness is considerable, or has been of some continuance, the pulse becomes hard, but to feel this we