more. he and Mr. Livingston adopted the very fair and that I know of. It cannot be denied, that we in cacy and difficulty, it would appear to us to be the justifiable project of a monopoly, and a very restrict New England have taken no pains whatever on wisest and best course to give a free and unreed one, by offering premiums for new importations, this subject. If it should be admitted, that the fine strained range to every sort of experiment, not the which it can be proved by our records induced the natural pastures on the beautiful, fertile and moist least important of which, in my judgment, nay, the importation of many thousands. Let us then en- hills of Worcester, that paradise of New England most important, is to see, by actual trial, how far the joy a due credit for our exertions. We ask no for fine cattle, had kept up a race of cattle, vigo European improvements in the breed of cattle, our It is a curious fact, worthy of notice in the rous, and nearly perfect in their forms, the same staple productions, are adapted to our culture. history of agriculture, (and commerce and manu- could not be affirmed of Bristol, or the southern If they fail, no lasting injury can be the consefactures can exhibit many as curious,) that the me- counties, or of the northern part of Middlesex or quence, because the opponents of imported stock rino sheep became in this country at one time so Norfolk. In truth, our race of milch cows was and contend, that the progress of change is very slow, odious, so much of a bye word, that those who had is generally ordinary, and our cattle at large may be and if disadvantageous, will of course be checked adventured in the speculations, were compelled to affirmed to be inferior to those of England, of the by individual interest, before any great evil should join in the general laugh at them, and to shelter Netherlands, and of Normandy. I can only say, be effected. My own conviction is, that the expethemselves under the ground of an epidemic illusion. that going to Europe, with very little agricultural riment has been so far successful. Yet in the short space of seven years, we have knowledge I admit, in 1803, the first and deepest Having made these general remarks, which I am not only seen the merino race rise into favour, but impression, made on my mind of any differences in sensible have been extended to what, I fear, will be we have seen sheep of that breed introduced from the agricultural state of those countries compared felt to be a tedious length, let us now advert to our the cold and comfortless region of Saxony, and with our own, arose from the marked, the unques- present cattle show, and to those animals which fell selling at prices which, it is alleged, have afforded tionable superiority of their horned animals. Their under the particular and minute notice of the comthe importers a profit of 12 or 315,000 on a very proportions were better, their size was generally mittee of which I was chairman. few sheep. We ought not, however, to disguise or superior; the bags of their cows were larger and Such an exhibition of fat cattle has, so far as I corceal the fact, that much of this extravagant de- better formed; the show at Smithfield, a market know, never been seen at Brighton, and I believe in mand has been the result of a system of protecting like that of Brighton, exhibited finer animals for America. There were no less than thirteen aniduties, which, whatever the effect of the eloquence sale-much finer, on common market days, than mals, weighing from 1673 to 2313 pounds, and from of interested raisers of sheep may produce on pub- Brighton, except rarely, ever exhibits. I speak of 5 to 7 years of age. In every case but one, they lic opinion and policy. is radically unsound. the average appearance, which is the only fair rule. had been inured to hard labour, and in every case Fifty years hence men will be, if not astonished, On my return I was struck with the difference; the expense of feed in fatting was far less than Engat least ashamed, that the science of political eco- the inferior state of our cattle; the comparative lish writers give as the average course of fatting in nomy was so little understood in our country. They amount of offal when the animal was fat. England. Operate as it may, it is both my duty and will be surprised that we should be willing to pay I should limit myself, as the first and principal inclination, to state fairly and fully the results and so much for articles of the first necessity, merely to advantage derived from foreign importation to this, the facts. The greater part of these animals had advance and increase the profits of one-thousandth that the care bestowed on the cross breed is of been taken off from labour about seven months. part of our community-that we should consent to itself a boon, equal to all the increased expense. Their food had been generally what is called cobpay for our clothing 35 per cent more than we We have been, we all know, utterly careless of our meal, that is, the corn and cob of Indian corn ought to pay, or than it is worth, the whole of young stock. The introduction of a new breed ground together. Some interesting facts were which constitutes the profit of one-hundredth, or produces of itself a greater degree of care. This stated by one farmer, which I deem it a duty to exone-thousandth part of our population. But we are is a good not easily estimated. The attention to hibit. as yet in our infancy; and it is not extraordinary one animal naturally leads to an increased attention He tried his ox with pure Indian meal, and after that we should adopt the erroneous doctrines pre- to a promising one of native race; and so the whole a few days trial, the animal refused it. He then valent in Europe one hundred years since, and in mass are gradually improved. Is not this the way, tried the coarser food of cob-meal, which I have some parts of Europe even now. The concentra- the ordinary course, by which all other improve- just defined, and he took it greedily. This is a tion of effort and exertion of opulent, intelligent ments in human industry are produced? modern experiment and may prove of great practipersons, interested in any particular branch of in- If Mr. Slater had not introduced his cotton mill cal utility. A Shrewsbury farmer, I think by the dustry, must for a long period of time be an over- into Rhode Island some 30 years since, can any name of Rice, was the first who communicated it match for the enlightened but disinterested advo- man say that there would have been at this day a to our society, though it may have been in use long cates for an entire freedom of trade, and of human cotton factory in New England? I do not mean to before. It is important, however, to know, that an industry. It must not be inferred, that we think say that there might not; but I have no doubt that animal may refuse a richer food and prefer a coarslightly of the value of manufacturing industry, nor this establishment accelerated the introduction of er one. I am not at all surprised at it. It is preof its effects on our prosperity; but we would have them. The knowledge, that other nations possess cisely in conformity with what we see every day its growth a natural one, healthy and vigorous | superior modes of industry, does not excite, or but around us. A sailor would pine on turkies and which, not depending on monopolizing acts, will very slowly excites, a disposition to copy the exam-dunghill fowls as a constant food, and return with endure by its own native strength. It will not be ple. One successful effort at home, does more in pleasure to his beef and pork, and peas soup. supposed that I am unfriendly to manufactures, in eight years, than fifty years success in another There was another very interesting fact disclosed which the fortunes of those most dear to me, and a country. We are, it is true, imitative animals, but on this examination. There were three fine five large portion of my own are engaged; but I wish still we need to have the example before our own years old steers of Joseph Easterbrooks, Esq. of Roythat they should repose on a basis much more se- eyes. We apply these remarks, which we believe alston, two of which had been worked hard from cure and durable than legislative provisions, subject to be sound, to agricultural improvements, and the age of three years, and the third had never had to repeal, and tending to an unnatural and morbid especially to the amelioration of our domestic ani- a yoke around his neck. The judges (and better extension of them, much more ruinous to small ad- mals. How long had we read of Saxony and Spa- judges there could scarcely be than my associates,) venturers. than to the larger ones. nish sheep without ever dreaming of introducing could perceive no sensible difference in the value of We will now advert to another branch of the them? Once introduced, they spread with a ve- the worked and unworked cattle. Of the same age, efforts of this Society to improve the breed of do- locity which is immeasurable. Grant, that the horn- owned by the same man, with the same treatment mestic animals. It is, we all know, debateable ed cattle imported are not in any respect superior and food, the unworked oxen often were in no deground. We shall not enter into the controversy; to our own-(not that I believe it,) yet their intro- gree superior to those which had been submitted to but we owe it to ourselves to defend the grounds duction has given a value to all other stock of the labour. Great Britain might learn a lesson from on which we offered premiums for imported stock. same description, by inducing more care as to their this example, if her farmers could have been preIt was well known to every agricultural man, treatment and improvement, and a general atten- sent. It is also worthy of remark, that these five who was a reader, that Great Britain and France tion to the subject. If it has not produced this effect, years old cattle weighed about a ton a piece, and were not contented with the existing state of their it must be only because we are incorrigibly obsti- the seven years old cattle but a trifle more. I state horned cattle; that for fifty years last past they had nate in persisting in old usages, in the neglect of these facts as being worthy of notice, since I deem set themselves seriously at work to improve them. selecting the finest individuals for breeding, and of one practical remark of far greater value than voIt was as certainly true, that in our country no such sustaining and improving by generous food, those lumes of theory. effort had been made. Of course, it was to be pre- which we do raise. The Committee award the first premium for fat sumed that these nations had improved their races, It surely cannot be unimportant in a state, whose oxen to Joseph Easterbrooks, of Royalston, for his while ours had been, to say the least, stationary. great staples must forever be, their beef, pork, and dark brown ox-weight 2104, 7 years old-$25. It is admitted on all sides, that much may be done wool, to urge on every occasion, to press by every The second premium for fat oxen, they award to by selection of fine individuals, and by care in pre-means, the amelioration of the races of the animals John Temple, for his silver nosed ox, 6 years oldserving the important races pure from contamina- which yield us these staple productions. We may weight 2178—$20. tion or intercourse with poorer ones. No such indeed fairly differ as to the means best adapted to selection of our races has taken place to this hour, the end; but as this must be a subject of some deli The third premium to the same person, John Temple for his other ox of the same yoke—$10, I owe it to my colleagues, to whom I wholly de manufactures were, as usual, most beautiful, nume-a few vendues, which we think costs but little. ferred the decision in this case of fat cattle, to say, rous and well wrought. We cannot, however, "But here there is a prospect of gain." Just so in that their duty was one of peculiar difficulty and touch that subject further, without injustice, and the other case. embarrassed. than our own races. delicacy: The cattle were all so fine, so equal in therefore leave it to the report that the committee If a mare is not worth putting to a fine horsetheir forms, proportions and good qualities, that of judges will make on it, who will be much more why, in the name of common sense, put her to a even such judges as Mr. Winchester and Mr. Ba-capable than we are. horse at all? for if from a good one she will not be ker, my associates, must have been, and they were Upon the whole, the show was highly creditable, likely to bring a colt that will pay for raising and though less extensive in some parts of it than for- the price of siring besides, what kind of a monOn this subject, I will take occasion to say, that merly. The company was numerous and highly ster is to be expected from the other? Something our cattle are in fact heavier and larger, in my respectable in character, though we regret to say, might be said in relation to the probability of getopinion, than the English cattle, taking them on an not so numerous as four years ago, when the no- ting a colt from a horse that has but a stand or two, average in both cases. velty was greater. or perhaps is only kept at home. When from one, The great distinction which I should make from We hope our citizens will not suffer this useful going all over a county in pursuit of custom, the the experience of six years, at our cattle shows, and important institution to decline, either for the chance is but slim. would be this-that the crosses of the imported stock want of patronage or the want of their attendance AN ADMIRER OF GOOD HORSES. have less offal, less unprofitable meat, keep fat with and encouragement. The longer we keep up cattle less food, or rather keep more fat on the same food, shows, the better able we shall be to keep them up, [The writer's object is clearly expressed, in plain and the better prepared we shall be to give interest language, best suited to the subject--and it is sureI know very well that this opinion is questioned and utility to them. One grand annual exhibition ly an object of very great importance, when we by very high authority; but my opportunities have of this sort for our shore, where all the exertions of consider the capital employed, the care bestowed, not been few, serving for so many years on this all the int lligence and enterprise of all the coun- and the expense in rearing horses. The observacommittee; and I am constrained to say, and it is ties could be brought together, in generous compe- tions of the writer are of general application; but my duty to say it, as I believe it, that upon precisely tition, would do. The extent of country is about let us apply them to a single state-to Maryland, the same food the improved races of Great Britain enough to be drawn together annually to one point, for example. Let every reader ask himself how (as we see them here,) not only have more profita- for a general exhibition of individual exertions, it many horses are reared annually in the state of ble flesh, on parts of great value, but they will would afford an ample field for competition, with- Maryland, and then reflect what would be the clear thrive faster on the same food than our native out which competition, warmly contested and spi- aggregate gain to the agricultural community of stock. Exceptions, of course, every man of sense ritedly kept up, there can be no hope of preserving the state, if to each of these horses, were added an knows, occur in all breeds. I know personally, that cattle shows. As for individual county shows in addition of fifty dollars in its value? an animal, taken from its mother at a week old, our present stages of incipient improvement, they There are nineteen counties in the state. Suptreated precisely as native stock by its side was treat are out of the question: we may amuse ourselves pose these counties to average only one hundred ed, has been always fat, while the others were lean. by the effort, if we please, but the effort must prove colts per annum; we are perfectly confident that if I touch not the question, for it is but conjecture unavailing; the limits of competition are too nar- these were sired by thorough bred horses of good whether, with our inferior and often careless treat- row; and what value or reputation can premiums, size and figure, these 1900 horses would average ment, they will not degenerate. If they do, and conferred alone in the exertions of one county, give $50 more in the amount they would sell for, over only when they do, we ought to consider them no to articies that obtain them upon such a restricted and above the difference in the cost of the horse's longer objects of attention. scale? If the object is improvement, throw open services--and thus the state would realize a clear The competition for bulls, we are sorry to say, the doors to all-let the chances of rivalship be as annual increase to its capital of $95,000! True it was this year smaller than we have ever known. great as possible-make the competition generalis, that one farmer will say, I should gain nothing; We awardcall together the greater number, and the more you another, that I should not be benefited-but it is [Easton Gazette. The first premium to Zephaniah Brown, of Charl- increase the theatre of exertion, the more you proton, for a bull out of Holderness, an imported ani-mote the general interest. mal-$30. The second to William Gilmore, of Franklin, Norfolk county, for his bull, also out of Holderness-$20. The third to hon. John Welles, for his bull of the Celebs race-$10. ON RAISING HORSES. Montgomery County, Md., Nov. 5, 1825. TO THE EDITOR: undeniable, that the community, the agricultural community of the state, in the aggregate, would gain the $95,000-which are now lost, for want, as it would seem, of plain common sense reflection and management! Now, how can any class of people expect to escape the charge of ignorance; how can they expect to be honoured and respected; how I have long, and with increasing wonder, observ- can they expect their sons, if discerning and well ed the practice pursued by (perhaps,) a majority of educated, to choose, spontaneously, a calling folthe people in our state, of rearing colts sired by lowed by those who thus expose themselve to the studs, many of which are, in reality, fit for no sin-r proach of improvidence and want of common gie purpose that the foal is designed for-as though discernment in the cardinal points of their pursuit? they sincerely believed there was a reasonable pro As in reasoning there is nothing like apposite exSudbu-bability of thus obtaining a good norse. And not- amples, let us state one or two. Some few years withstanding it is, I believe, in most counties in the past the Editor of this paper procured the best The bull calves were also few in number; much less than usual, and we regret it. The first premium we award to the hon. Mr. Welles for a bull calf from Admiral, 4 Denton-15 dollars. The second to Jeremiah Hawes. of East ry, for a bull calf of native breed-$10. The third to Henry Craft, for a bull out of Mr. state, proven to a demonstration, that the general jacks, and two fine thorough bred horses, for the George Lyman's beautiful imported bull-$5. EASTON CATTLE SHOW. practice in this respect, is most destructive to the use of the farmers of the state--one of these was interests of those who pursue it; yel, in despite of the celebrated horse Tuckahoe. They did not ali conviction, and that kind of conviction too which make enough to pay expenses. Farmers, and wealthey are obliged to admit whether they will or not, thy farmers too, said it is too much to give; I can THE hour of distributing Premiums at this Exhi-sull-good easy going souls"-when a peddling send my mare to a horse for $5. Well, what was tion was too late for our paper of to-day. We can horse comes round in the spring, 11 he is fat and the result? The few who sent mares to Tuckahoe only give a general view of it, without a satisfacto-shines a little, the mares are put, even if in many have fine valuable colts-we passed one on the ry detail of particulars, which will appear next instances the horse has not sufficient activity to road yesterday, by a good common mare, the colt w-ek. walk when led, without stumbling. not quite two years old, for which the owner might The show of Cattle was good, but not so nu- Now, what do we hear urged in favour of all get in any market $150-while the same mare would merous as before, though the specimens were this-but that "he stands cheap-it is too far to have given a colt by a $5 horse that would not sell very fine. The Devons were (we believe,) uni-go to such a horse," (naming him,) or that "my for $60. Again! When an association was lately versally admitted to be superior to any thing mare is not a first rate, and is not worth putting to formed in this city, not four years since, to improve ever exhibited on this ground. The Sheep were a tine horse." Well! let us examine these "knock the breed of horses, by encouraging the exercises numerous and of the finest quality-no finer sheep 'em down" arguments. And first, the cheapness of the turf, it was treated by some as visionary. could be offered to view. The Swine were not perhaps as low as three dolars; and for this a colt What has been the effect? In two cases that have numerous, but all of fine form and size. The dis- is the product. Now let us pay ten dollars to a fallen under our observation, gentlemen in Cecil play of Horses was considered by the by-standers, good horse; put the coits in the market at four county, sent fine blooded mares to Tuckahoe and to be the most inferior one ever made here. There years old; and ten to one but the colt for the siring Eclipse-from the two mares they have two colts were some fine Mules, and a few good looking of which ten dollars was paid, will command eighty by each horse, for which they have refused $2000!! Jacks; some fine yokes of Oxen. The exhibition to one hundred and fifty dollars, when perhaps it For the services of Eclipse, these gentlemen were, of Butter was beautiful, and we learn that the qua- will be difficult to obtain forty for the other. Then as their wise neighbours observed, foolish enough lity of so many parcels was so fine as to puzzle the the cost and trouble of going 10 or 20 miles to a to pay $50. It is probable, that if brought to this judges very much. The specimens of household good horse, will not amount to more than attending state, he would not get as many mares at $30, as would pay the groom; whilst some great beast, with ing-roasting, frying, broiling, baking, stewing, and thy, which gives to the eye a prelude of the palatabull neck, shoulder as straight as a plumb line, and boiling. These operations not only soften the raw ble substance it encrusts. legs like bed posts, if he only covered at $5, would materials, and render them alimentary, but the che- The process, as just described, is very similar, get perhaps 80 mares. In one case, the colt would mical constitution of the cooked substance suffers whatever may be the sort of meat roasted, whether be worth about $40—in the other, from $150 to 200; also such alterations, that its constituent parts can joints, and the several species of fowl or game. Fish yet the very men who maintain this ridiculous and often no longer be recognized. is not usually dressed in this way, though the larger wasteful management of an important branch of sorts are sometimes roasted. Those who relish eels their farming operations, are eternally thinking and and pike prefer them roasted to any other mode of calculating, and talking of money! money! money! dressing them. and if you impeach their wisdom, they call you visionary, a theorist, a “book farmer"! It is probable that the Jerseymen, in the blood of the "Messenger" horses, have levied on other states an annual contribution of some $50,000.] DEAR SIR, THOROUGH BRED HORSES. ROASTING ON A SPIT Appears to be the most ancient process of rendering animal food eatable by means of the action of heat. It is a general practice to move the spit back when the meat is half done, to clear the bottom part of Spits were used very anciently in all parts of the the grate, and to give the fire a good stirring, that world, and perhaps, before the plain practice of it may burn bright during the remainder of the prohanging the meat to a string before the fire. Ere cess. The meat is deemed sufficiently roasted when the iron age had taught men the use of metals, these the steam puffs out of the joint in jets towards the fire. roasting instruments were made of wood; and as we find it in Virgil,* slender branches of the hazel tree were particularly chosen "Stabit sacer hircus ad aram The late match race at New York having just "Pinguiaque in verubus torrebimus extra colurnis." terminated in favour of the South, no doubt, at such "The altar let the guilty goat approach, a moment, the admirers of that noble animal, the And roast his fat limbs on the hazel broach." horse, dilate on the respective merits of those who Roasting is the most simple and direct application may have been brought forward as candidates for of heat in the preparation of food. The process is, distinction; and who, like the Horatii and Curiatii for the most part, confined to animal substances, of antiquity, were permitted to step forth and de- though several fruits, such as apples, chestnuts, and cide the speed (if not the strength,) of the rival some roots, are in this manner directly subjected to parties. At such a moment, I have thought it fire. screen, consisting of a shallow concave reflector, is To facilitate the process of roasting, a metal placed behind the meat, in order to reflect the rays of heat of the fire back again upon the meat. This greatly hastens the process. The screen is usually made of wood lined with tin. It should be kept bright, otherwise it will not reflect the rays of heat. ROASTING ON A STRING ROASTING IN AN OPEN OVEN. trivance called a bottle jack, a well-known machine, Is usually performed by means of the useful conso named from its forin. It only serves for small joints, but does that better than the spit. It is cheap would not be mal-apropos to communicate a fact But in dressing animal food, butcher's meat, ve- the twisting and untwisting of a string. The sort and simple, and the turning motion is produced by which may be wholly relied upon--which shows the nison, fowl and fish, roasting is one of the most ususpirit of our brethren of New York, who do nothing al processes, and it is, we believe, the best for renof roasting machine, called the Poor Man's Spit, is by halves, and every thing worthy of imitation-dering food nutritive and wholesome. The chemi- something of the same nature, but still more simple. and who evince spirit, talent and liberality in every cal changes also which roasting induces, are suffi The meat is suspended by a skein of worsted, a project (from the cutting of a canal to the racing ciently slight, as a careful analysis will procure from twirling motion being given to the meat, the thread of a horse,) to which they affix their hands or turn meat, properly roasted, nearly all the elements which is twisted, and when the force is spent, the string their attention. The fact that I allude to is this: are to be found in it in the raw state. Slight as the untwists itself two or three times alternately, till the Col. Sewell and Samuel Hollingsworth, Esq., of change is however in a chemical, it is considerable action being discontinued, the meat must again get Elkton, are each the proprietors of an Eclipse and in a culinary point of view. The texture of the twirl round. When the meat is half done, the Tuckahoe horse colt-for these four colts they have meat is more relaxed and consequently it is more lower extremity of the joint is turned uppermost, been offered $2000, by a company of gentlemen of tender; it is also more sapid and high flavoured. It and affixed to the string, so that the gravy flows over New York. As an evidence that the spirit of en- is absolutely essential that the meat intended for the joint the reverse way it did before. terprise, with respect to this noble animal, is not roasting, has been kept long enough for the fibres confined to the North, it is with pleasure that we to become flaccid, without which precaution the best add, that the offer was not accepted. A Dutch or open oven is a machine for roasting meat does not become tender. If the meat be fro- small joints, such as fowls, &c. It consists of an Is not this incident sufficient to induce breeders to zen, it should be thawed, by putting it into cold arched box of tin open on one side, which side is be more select in the animals that they breed from? water, before it is put on the spit. placed against the fire. The joint being either susIt costs no more to sustain one of acknowledged The process of roasting requires some care to pended in the machine on a spit, or by a hook, or worth, than one confessedly indifferent; and it ap- conduct it properly. The meat should be gradually put on a low trevet placed on the bottom of the oven, pears strange that we should persevere in rearing, turned before the fire, in order to effect its uniform which is moveable. The inside of the oven should at the same cost, a colt that at maturity will not exposure to the rays of heat. A covering of paper be kept bright that it may reflect the heat of the fire. readily command $60, when, by the same expense prevents the fat from taking fire, and frequently This is the most economical and most expeditious and trouble, we might have at our disposal one basting the meat with gravy or melted fat, prevents method of roasting in the small way. that would readily produce thrice the sum. it from being scorched or becoming dry, bitter, and Quere-Which is the most profitable, raising unpalatable. It is necessary to be very careful in calves or colts? The former, in our community, placing the meat to be roasted at a proper distance Roasting in a closed oven, or baking, consists in generally sell when 15 months old at $10, or there- from the fire. If it is put too near, the surface will exposing substances to be roasted to the action of abouts or blood horses, when at the same age they be scorched and burnt to a cinder, while the inner heat in a confined space, or closed oven, which does command $500? It will require but little pen, ink portion will be quite raw; and, if it be too distant, not permit the free access of air, to cause the vapour and paper, and less calculation, to answer the ques- it will never have either the tenderness or the fla- arising from the roasted substance to escape as fast RUS. IN URBE, vour it would have had by proper care. At first, it as it is formed, and this circumstance materially alshould be placed at some distance, and afterwards ters the flavour of roasted animal substances. be gradually brought nearer the fire, to give the heat Roasters and ovens of the common construction time to penetrate the whole piece equally; and, the larger the joint is, the more gradually should this be done. Poultry, in particular, should be heated very gradually. tion. J. S. SKINNER, ESQ. Nov 8, 1825. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. GENERAL OPERATIONS OF COOKERY. When the joint is of an unequal thickness, the FEW of the substances which we use for food are spit must be placed slanting, so that the thinnest consumed in the state in which they are originally part is further removed from the fire. produced by nature. With the exception of some The less the spit is made to pass through the fruits and salads, all of them undergo some prepa-prime part of the meat, the better. Thus, in a ration In most cases, indeed, this is indispensable; shoulder of mutton, the spit is made to enter close for, otherwise, they would not only be less whole-to the shank-bone, and passed along the blade-bone some and nutritive, but less digestible. The pre-of the joint. ROASTING IN A CLOSED OVEN. are apt to give the meat a disagreeable flavour, arising from the empyreumatic oil, which is formed by the decomposition of the fat, exposed to the bottom of the oven This inconvenience has been completely emedied in two ways, by providing against the evil of allowing the fat to burn, and secondly, by carrying out of the oven by a strong current of heated air, the empyreumatic vapours, as fast as they are formed. Such are the different processes of roasting meat. Rationale.-The first effect of the fire is to rarefy the watery juices within its influence which make ceding observations, therefore, are only applicable When the meat is nearly sufficiently roasted, it is their escape in the form of steam. The albuminous to the materials when cooked, and not to the crude dusted over with a coating of flour; this, uniting portion then coagulates in the same manner as the vegetables and raw flesh in the undressed state. with the fat and other juices exuded on the surface, white of an egg does, the gelatine and the osma The general processes of cookery resolve them-covers the joint with a brown crust, glazed and fro-zone* become detached from the fibrine, and unite selves into the various modes of applying heat un der different circumstances. They are the follow * Georgics ii. 545. *Derived from odμn smell, (wpos, broth. 59 pellets. THE BALTIMORE HUNT. [We are gratified to learn that an attempt is making to form a club, for keeping a large pack of the best hounds for hunting during the approaching seasons. Looking to the means and the liberal spirit of the gentlemen who have taken it in hand, we cannot doubt of its success; and of all exercises, none can be esteemed more manly and healthful. The following remarks of a celebrated writer a cen derable varieties, that the peculiar grateful flavour Insomuch that I shot none at all, for which I am in of animal food, (whether in the form of broth or duty bound to pay forfeit by making report of the roasted,) and of each of its kinds, depends. Osma-"days" beat." Yours, as usual, zome exists in the largest quantity in the fibrous or- Test. RAOUL. gans, or combined with fibrine in the muscles, while the tendons and other gelatinous organs appear to be destitute of it. The flesh of game, and old ani-wards, an "unlucky, and as it eventuated, an unfortu-tury ago, on the pleasures and advantages of the mals, contains it in greater quantity than that of nate yellow hammer obtruded himself--which by chase, are no less applicable to the present day.] the powers of Diana I made out-to bag. young animals abounding in gelatine. [From the Annals of Sporting.] PLEASURES AND ADVANTAGES OF HUNTING. It must be admitted by all that there is something extremely fascinating in the sports of the field, since they are not only universally held in the highest estimation, but have uniformly constituted the most noble pastime of man, from the earliest periods to the present time. According to a celebrated writer, whose ideas on the subject appeared before the public about a century ago, the following are amongst the advantages to be derived from the pleasures of the chase: "Hunting trains up youth to the use of manly ex: ercises in their riper age, being encouraged thereto by the pleasure they take in hunting the stately stag, the generous buck, the wild boar, the cunning otter, the crafty fox, and the fearful hare. Exercise herein preserveth health, and increaseth the strength and activity. It neither remits the mind to sloth nor softness, nor hardens it to inhumanity; but rather inclines men to good acquaintance and generous society. It is no small advantage to be inured to bear hunger, thirst, and weariness from one's childhood; to take up a timely habit of quitting one's bed early, and learning to sit well and safe upon a horse. What innocent and natural delights are they, when he sees the day breaking forth these blushes and roses, Woodcock. which poets and writers of romances only paint, but the huntsman truly courts! When he heareth the Snipe. chirping of small birds, perching upon their dewy boughs! When he draws in the fragrance and coolDucks, or ness of the air! How jolly is his spirit, when he Wild Fowl. suffers it to be transported with the noise of buglehorns and the baying of hounds, which leap up and Hare. play round about him! Nothing doth more recreate the mind, strengthen the limbs, whet the stomach, and cheer up the spirit when it is heavy, dull, and overcast with gloomy cares: from whence it comes Total each that these delights have merited to be in esteem in Day. all ages, and even amongst barbarous nations, by Shots mislords, princes and highest potentates." sed. This golden opinion of hunting, like many other wise sayings and doings of the old school to which we pay too little respect now-a-days, cannot be too strongly impressed upon the minds of the rising generation; if they wish to emulate the bodily vigour, or fine manly character of their forefathers; a character which will never be obtained by travelling over France or Italy, and by an indulgence in the enervating luxuries of those lovely and attractive, but more prostrating regions. Gay's monkey, who had seen the world, is but too faithful a portrait of many of our young sprigs of fashion, who go to Venice and the Brent-stay three weeks at Rome-stare about but no buyers to be found over 14 sous. them-and come home content! Thus the dull lad, too tall for school, PEDESTRIANISM. Other ar ticles without any change. At Bourdeaux, Sept. PRICES CURRENT. ARTICLES. WHOLESALE. RETAIL. per. from to from to Jb. 7 10 11 32 34 181 20 22 161 171 18 20 12 121 14 16 10 11 The Trustees of the Maryland Agricultural BEEF, Baitiniore Prime, bbl. 8 009 00 Society will meet not, at Lexington, as stated in BACON, and Hams,. Daniel Angell, called the Norfolk pedestrian, the last Farmer, but at Bloomsbury, the residence BEESWAX, Am. yellow started at 2 o'clock in the morning to go 72 miles in of H. V. Somerville, Esq.; and on Saturday next, COFFEE, W.I. Green, . 12 successive hours, on a piece of gravel road lead- the 12th inst. at ten o'clock A. M. Mr. Somerville COTTON, Louisiana, &c. do. Common, ing from the Horse and Gate towards Horseway, particularly desires that the meeting be punctual, Georgia Upland,. half a measured mile and turns. The morning be- and at an early hour. COTTON YARN, No. 10, ing remarkably fine, and the road excellent, he startAn advance of 1 cent ed in high spirits and full of confidence. He ran the first seven miles in 57 minutes, 14 miles in 1 Society of the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, for The premium offered by the Agricultural each number to No. 18. CANDLES, Mould, hour and 54 minutes, 21 miles in 2 hours and 55 the best conducted farm, was awarded to H. S. Turminutes, 27 miles in 3 hours and 50 minutes, 50 ner, Esq. of Jefferson county. Rich land is a very miles in 7 hours and 40 minutes, including stop-good thing, but talents and discernment only, can pages, and finally completed the almost unprece- make the most of it. They tell in agriculture as dented task of 72 miles in 11 hours and 55 minutes, well as in other affairs. having 5 minutes to spare. The concourse of people assembled upon the occasion, to witness this great performance, from the neighbouring towns and villages, was immense, but little blunt was sported. After he had completed half the distance, 5 and to 4 were offered on time against him, but no takers. TROTTING MATCH. 6 ATLANTIC SOUVENIR. Dipt, do. 33 12 625 10 12 15 34 37 bbl. 2 75 3 25 3 50 6 FLOUR, Superfine, city, bbl. 5 00 5 50 6 00 6 75 FLAX, lb. bush 4 50 4 75 none ton 200 lb. gal. ly be published by Messrs. Carey & Lea, is a beauThe Atlantic Souvenir, for 1826, which will shorttiful little volume, in its typographical dress, and in GUNPOWDER, Balti.. 25 lb 5 00 the engravings with which it abounds. It contains GRAIN, Indian Corn, twenty-four original tales or pieces, poetical and prose, productions of "our own citizens," of such This match with Traveller, decidedly the fastest authors as Paulding, Barker, Sedgwick, Bryant and trotter of the day, in and out of harness, took place Waln. It is intended as a "Christmas and New in Ashley-park, near Hugden, the seat of Colonel Year's Offering," and will afford an agreeable liteStaples, on Saturday, January 29, for one thousand rary treat to all who may read it. The spirit and sovereigns, [$4444.] It was to perform thirty-six taste which dedicated the enterprize, the elegance miles in three hours, and a carriage of the light- of its execution, and the patriotic feeling which est description was made for this match. The driver sought and obtained contributions exclusively from was George Skeen, a jockey of thirteen stone, and native authors, entitle the intelligent and respectabetting was 5 to 4 on the horse, which had before ble publishers to the most liberal and ample patrodone twenty-eight miles in two hours, on the Satur- nage, which we are sure they will realize. day after the late Chelmsford races. The ground over which the horse trotted this time was a prepared circle of four miles, and we subjoin the time each "famous stock," is not entitled to distinction, through HOGS' LARD, We are requested to state, that Mr. Powel's four miles was performed in, to show the steady Mr. Isaac Clement's cattle, advertised in the Ame- LEATHER, Soal, best, pacing of the horse. Min. Sec. rican Farmer The full blooded Holstein bull, MOLASSES, W. India, was bred at the Hospital in Philadelphia, from Mr. MEAL, Corn, kiln dried, bbl. 3 00 3 25 3 75 Sim's Pennsylvania stock, it is believed. NAILS, 6a20d. NAVAL STORES, Tar, bbl. 1 874 Pitch,. Turpentine, Soft, OIL, Whale, common, Linseed, PORK, Baltimore Mess, do Prime, PLASTER, cargo price, RICE, fresh, SOAP, Baltimore White, lb. do. Brown, PEACH BRANDY, 4th pr WHISKEY, 1st proof, APPI E BRANDY, 1st pr SUGARS, Havana White, c.lb. 13 50 do. Brown, Louisiana, Loaf, Lump, SPICES, Cloves, Ginger, Ground, Pepper, MARKETING.--Butter, per lb. 25 cts.--Chickens, The bit was drawn once only in the twenty-fifth per doz. $1.37 to 1.50-Geese, 374 to 50-Turkies, mile, and it will be seen that there was not more 62 to $1-Ducks, per pair, 50 cts.-Eggs, doz. 184 than three seconds difference in any of the four miles, cts.--Beef, prime pieces, lb. 8 cts.-Veal, 10 cts.except in two instances, in one of which the bit was Lamb, 5 to 6 cts.-Pork, clb. $5-Irish Potatoes, per drawn, and in the other there was a break. bush. 75 cts, to $1-Sweet Potatoes, 75 cts.--Turnips, 50 cts. Extract of a letter from Havre, Oct. 1, 1825. "Our sales of Cotton since the 15th, comprise 5187 bales of American, viz: 1968 Uplands at 234 CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. to 30 sous; 1309 Alabamas, &c. 27 to 304; 1865 Report of the Annual Exhibition of the PennsylvaLouisianas 30 to 37; and 45 Sea-islands. We re-nia Agricultural Society-Brighton Cattle Show, Mr. mark no material decline in prices, but holders ap-Lowell's Report on Fat Cattie, Bulls and Bull Calves, pear decidedly more anxious to effect sales, since it with some prefatory remarks, No. 1-Cattle Show at has been ascertained that about 3000 bales are on Easton, Md.-On Raising Horses, with Remarks by the the way from Liverpool. This will have the worst Editor-On Thorough-bred Horses-General operaeffect. Although our stock is much reduced, our tions of Cookery, Roasting on a Spit, Roasting on a prices are now sufficiently above those of our neigh-Closed Oven-Account of good Shooting-Form of a String, Roasting in an Open Oven, and Roasting in a bours to admit of their sending us supplies. Sportsman's Journal-Shots in an ounce-The Balti"Ashes and Rice are nominally the same as per more Hunt-Pleasures and Advantages of Huntinglast. Coffee declining-St. Domingo is held at 142, Pedestrianism-Trotting Match-Editorial, Notices, &c. l |