seed, for the destruction of the later sown wheat, surface of the water at high tide. When you see idle-must occasion a loss of time inconsistent withwith which it is invariably alone compared. These Com. Barron, tell him I shew him this log at the economy. positions being proved to the satisfaction of my mind, blockmaker's, next to the Custom-house, at Norfolk, It is not a little surprising that wood-screws should by abundant observation and experience, I am in- I will answer for it, that our friend Col. Thomas be used at all, since it appears they involve the neduced to think that were I invested with despotic Tenant, is of my opinion. cessity of working out of doors, of course only in fair authority, the first act I would do, which would The only reason I write this, is, to prevent our weather, and then, the whole fixtures are subject to seem to savour of this power, would be to compel ignorance going to foreign countries, where I have such rapid decay as must render them eventually every man not to begin before a particular day, and much been, and well know how they will laugh at us very expensive. not to sow after a particular day. when they see your publication on the subject here mentioned. Suffolk, 25th August, 1825. Physical force would of course be necessary to adopt and keep such a decree in force for three years. But I am well persuaded that moral force, would only be sufficient afterwards. But as the first cost is with many the first consideration, permit me to describe a cotton-packer, which as a cheap, effective, convenient, and durable I cannot say what quantity of sap the pine log machine, will, I think, bear comparison at least with had when first put into the mud, but the blockma-wood-screws. This castle in the air may be as baseless a fabric ker told me it had sap, and that, that operation ex- Fig. 1. is a side view of a horizontal press workas many others that have been built before it; but tracted it all, and made it heart, entire; and which ing by a wheel of 6 to 8 feet diameter, and a pinion it is fortunate for us all, that none of us in this flour- I believe was the fact. It is a fact, that felloes of of about 1 foot diameter, by which the beam with ishing country, have it in our power to build castles wheels, made of highland oak, will last 20 years-driver attached, is moved forward and backward in the air at the expense of the rest of the communi- when swamp and other, will not go beyond 6 years. quite fast, (the wheel being turned by hand,) while ty, without its consent. We may, if our inclinations are so constituted, play the despot at our own risk, within the sphere of our own domestic circle; but here it must end. Dear Sir, NANKIN COTTON. 20th September, 1825. the pressure is small; and when increased power is wanted, a lever of any convenient length is used, by inserting one end thereof between the arms of the wheel at the hub, and resting the lever on projecThere ought to be, there can be no other arbitra- I send you the clean cotton of six pods of the tions fixed on the side of the wheel-rim, (as shewn ry government in this country, but the tyranny of Nankin cotton seed I obtained, at the February more plainly on Fig. 2.) public opinion; and public opinion is not a relent-meeting of the Agricultural Society of South CaroA ratchet wheel and pall, placed on the wheel less tyrant. lina. They weighed 527 grains; when hand-picked, axle close by the post, retains the beam and driver There is a fly that attacks the centre of the stock, the product was only 96 grains. This is a very bad where forced. A friction roller supports the beam, different from the hessian fly, but not much less des- turn out; though at this early season of the year, it and there may be another roller or post, at 8 or 10 tructive, and the same means is suggested for les- takes a greater quantity of seed cotton to make a feet distance, to receive and support the end of the sening the latter fly, applies with equal force to the bag of 500 lbs. than later, when the cotton has been beam, when it is run back. The driver may slide former species. With the plan proposed, ploughing some time open. Indeed, the product of the short on two small ribs projecting on the floor of the packand effectual harrowing, or burning off the stubble, staple cotton not only much depends on the time it ing box. The rack teeth on the beam may be of from all fields, would be useful auxiliaries, if they remains in the field unpicked, but also the kind of wood, except for 4 or 5 feet near the end, where the were practicable; but they are not, and I know of no land-as old fields make much more of clean cotton, rack is of cast iron-as is also the pinion. way of clearing tolerably, the scattered wheat off in proportion to the gross weight, than new or rich A machine of this description has, I am told, been the stubble, but by a good drove of hogs, so early lands. The staple of this cotton appears weak and used by a planter in Nansemond county, who found applied, that they will not destroy the young clover short, but as it is fine and silky, it may spin well. it to work well; but the pinion and all the rack teeth if growing in the wheat field. I have only one stalk of cotton out of more than were of wood, and he has now substituted iron, as There is a favourable moment of 12 or 15 days, twenty seed planted: they all came up, but perished above described. between the benumbing approach of cool weather, from various causes. The stalk will be productive, The advantages of this machine are, its cheapand the setting in of cold weather, when the insects having more than two hundred pods on it, and has ness and facility of operation, and occupying little are most apt not to spread, and when it is not too not been more than usually cultivated, though in room, it is protected from the weather. The driver late for the cold to prevent a sufficient vegetation good soil. The seed appear as pure as those I re- is moved so readily, that no time nor pains are rebefore frost, which is the most favourable time to ceived. The only cotton near this stalk, are, a few quired in hand packing-but the packing chest is stalks of Pernambuco cotton, which, though from filled repeatedly, and the contents drove up to the 6 to 10 feet, I do not expect will have a blossom bale-box, until enough cotton is accumulated to form this year. Should the frost keep off till January, Ia bale, when the lever is used. shall endeavour to save some of these stalks during bited in Fig. 2, which is a perpendicular view of a A more effective and expensive machine is exhiSuffolk, 10th August, 1825. the winter. If you can obtain the opinion of some I take the liberty, from very long experience, to manufacturer, and he will take the trouble, I will screw-press, moved by a wheel in a manner similar tell you, that the principles laid down by the first forward to you the product of this stalk of Nankin to the first. The wheel is here attached to the end class, in your late publication relative to the growth cotton. If the result of spinning the same be fa- of the screw, as most simple, but it is obvious that of oak timber, at the examination at West Point, is vourable, by selecting rich land and planting the the power may be multiplied if required, by the inentirely erroneous; and which every wheelmaker in seed wide apart, I could plant an acre the next sea-tervention of a cog-wheel and pinion: the other parts this part of the country could satisfy you of in five minutes, were you here, however ignorant he might otherwise be. The timber that grows in the open, wild field, that has a free circulation of air, is as far superior to that grown in the swamps, or on the declivity of hills, as that of live oak is to our common timber; and this I venture to state, my friends Commodore Barron and Capt. Elliott, will confirm; both of whom I presume you know well. sow; hit it who can. MR. SKINNER, ON TIMBER. son. I am, with respect, Your obedient servant, ON PACKING COTTON. Richmond, Va. Sept. 3, 1825. TO THE EDITOR OF THE AMERICAN FARMER. are so plainly designated in the drawing as to re- Now sir, for one other fact, which I am certain I have seen in your paper of the 26th ult. a comyou do not know; that passed under my own eye, munication from a "Cotton Planter," in reply to the as well as that of Com. Barron's. About eighteen inquiries made on the most approved mode of pack- That the horizontal presses are most convenient, months since, I ordered a pump of about 25 feet of ing cotton. will, I suppose, be generally allowed; and were it heart pine, as it was to be placed where it would be The precision and clearness of the description really desirable to employ the power of a horse, the much exposed to the sun and wet weather, (sap be- there given of the common cotton press, must be means of doing so by a walk under the floor of the ing but for ship use.) Without knowing that the log acceptable to inquirers; and being the established press, is sufficiently obvious. But a horse can be I saw, by accident, at the blockmaker's, was a part mode of packing, and tested by experience, it may employed to advantage but a small portion of the from which my pump had been made; I asked him be considered presumptuous in one not practically time, viz. at the moment of greatest pressure, and how he managed to get pine so free of sap, for there acquainted with the business to suggest, that there as three or four men are by this machinery renderwas not a particle in it, although it was at least forty appear some defects in the plan, and those, perhaps, ed abundantly competent to the task, it is not ecoinches circumference? His answer was, that the susceptible of correction. nomy to employ a horse. log had lain five years in the dock, subject to the The extreme slowness with which a screw must In the extensive tobacco factories of this city, the ebb and flowing of the tide; that from the first twelve be turned by a horse in a walk of 80 or 90 feet cir- greatest pressure is given by four hands on a 9 feet months it remained in the mud, after that time, it cumference, and that for three-fourths of his time lever; and that this pressure is greater than is emgradu. lly rose with the tide, and that when he took without any material strain on the screw, or employ-ployed in baling cotton, is proved by the fact that it for use, very little of the log remained below the ment of his strength, during which all hands are wood presses, of the strongest construction, are found No. 29.-VOL. 7.] Of lumber $1,734,586, not a fourth of our imports inadequate to the resistance in pressing tobacco, the velocity of the driver will be proportionably reof silk. Of wheat flour, biscuit, corn, and Indian which it seems is not the case with cotton-presses. tarded. I would suggest the idea, that in using a horizon-meal $6,713,595. It will be obvious to those at all acquainted with All the wheat, flour, biscuit, corn and meal exmechanics, that by the introduction of an additional tal press, the bale might conveniently be disengaged wheel to the rack press, and of a wheel and pinion by opening a trap-door under the bale-box, and ported, does not pay for the silk imported. The following paragraph on the "culture of silk," to the screw press, both which may very convenient-shoving it through the floor into a room below. Should I, in this attempt to improve an important is from an article in the American Magazine, publishly be done; the powers of the presses may be increased in a double ratio, or to any extent the mate- branch of domestic industry, have advanced any ed in Philadelphia, in Oct. 1758: rials will sustain, and thus perhaps supersede the ne- thing contrary to the experience of others, I hope cessity of a lever on the wheel: it is at the same they will allow the public to profit by their better D. I. BURR. time to be recollected, that as power is increased, experience. "The culture of silk has, in every part of the world, been esteemed a curious and a profitable employment. Persia or China does not seem to be better fitted for this important branch of trade, than are these American colonies. Mulberries grow spontaneously and may be easily propagated. Worms agree well with the climate, and make the best silk. The whole time of attention to complete the silk making, does not exceed six or seven weeks. Two or more acres, planted in due order with mulberries, is sufficient to feed as many worms, as will spin forty or fifty pounds worth of silk. And boys or girls are sufficient to gather the leaves. 'Tis a wonder that this useful manufacture is so universally neglected. He that would properly understand it should consult Pullein." [Village Record. LADIES' DEPARTMENT. TO THE EDITOR, H. Hand or pall, working on ratchet wheels behind pinion. THE ABOVE IS TO SCALE INCH TO THE FOOT. B. Bale box. S. Sides. F. Foot block. H. Head-block. S P P P. Posts. C. Collar of screw. SCALE OF AN INCH TO THE FOOT. P E. Screw box, or female screw. N. B. All the posts not at the corners may be substituted by diagonal braces. RURAL ECONOMY. KEEPING GRAPES. I observe in the Farmer of the 16th ult. some directions for preserving grapes for several months after they are taken from the vine, by merely hanging the bunches on a string in the room. In France. they are so kept with ease until mid-winter: but there is one circumstance not stated in the directions in the Farmer, which is there considered absolutely necessary to be attended to; namely, to suspend them by the small end of the bunch, so that they may hang in a reversed situation to that when on the vine. I cannot vouch for the truth of this remark from my own observation—but I have heard it so often mentioned as a well known fact, that I can hardly W. H. doubt its correctness. RUDIMENTS OF COOKERY. BROTHS AND SOUPS. The cook must pay continual attention to the con dition of her stewpans* and soup-kettles, &c. which should be examined every time they are used. The prudent housewife will carefully examine the condition of them herself at least once a month. Their delphia, for the production of the largest quantity of covers also must be kept perfectly clean and well silk; that in Chester county many ladies raised silk tinned, and the stewpans not only on the inside, but THE MULBERRY AND SILK WORM. enough to make themselves dresses; that one, at about a couple of inches on the outside: many misThis is about the time for the White Mulberry to least, has now a gown, the silk of which was obtain-chiefs arise from their getting out of repair, and if ripen. We entreat the ladies, by all the regard they ed from worms of her own feeding, and that it was not kept nicely tinned, all your good work will be in have for the most tasteful and elegant of dresses;nt to England to be wove; that mulberry trees, vain-the broths and soup will look green and dirand the men, by the desire they cherish to see their both white and red, flourished well here; that the ty, taste bitter and poisonous, and will be spoiled female friends elegantly attired, to gather all the worm is healthy and does as well as in any part of both for the eye and palate, and your credit will be the world; that in the confusion growing out of the lost. fruit, fully ripened, and to save the seed. Some may suppose that it will be a long time af war, the culture was neglected; and the great de ter the seeds are planted, before the Mulberry will mand for other products arising from the French be useful. Not so; in two, or at most, in three years, Revolution, prevented a recurrence to it. Now, the proper time seems to have come round, the leaves may be gathered in great abundance. An acre of ground set out with the Mulberry, would. to enter into this business with spirit and certain in three years, be worth 500 dollars; and in five success. years 500 dollars. Be assured, the production of Silk may be made as profitable here as the production of Cotton at the south. We learn that the public attention was turned to this subject, by different writers before the Revolutionary war that the mulberry tree began to be cultivated: that the Italian white mulberry was introduced; that the worm was obtained and distribu It is, therefore, one of the most costly items of ted in various parts of the state; that in Bethlehem import: but compare it with our exports. The whole considerable silk was made, and a premium obtain- exports from the fisheries were $1,610,900, not a ed, which had been awarded by a society in Phila-fourth of our imports of silk. The health, and even life of the family depends upon this; and the cook may be sure, her employers had rather pay the tinman's bill than the doctor's; therefore, attention to this cannot fail to engage the regard of the mistress, between whom and the cook it will be my utmost endeavour to promote perfect harmony. If a servant has the misfortune to scorch or blis. ter the tinning of her pan,† which will happen some_ We prefer the form of a stewpan to the soup-potthe former is more convenient to skim; the most useful size is 12 inches diameter by 6 inches deep: this we would have of silver, or iron, or copper lined (not plated,) with silver. †This may be always avoided by browning your meat in the frying-pan; it is the browning of the meat that destroys the stewpan. times to the most careful cook, I advise her, by all This soup has the advantage of being very easily of the year, if not altogether, streams that were formeans, immediately to acquaint her employers, who and very soon made, with no more fuel than is ne- merly of great volume and unfailing constancy. So will thank her for candidly mentioning such an ac- cessary to warm a room-those who have not tasted great is the change in the circumstances of the councident; and censure her deservedly if she conceal it. it, cannot imagine what a salubrious, savoury, and try in this important particular, that it has nearly Take care to be properly provided with sieves satisfying meal, is produced by the judicious com- become a matter of great difficulty, in many parts and tammy cloths, spoons, and ladles-make it a bination of cheap and homely ingredients. of the country, to get grain ground during half the rule without an exception, never to use them till they year. If then the tide waters where they flow into are well cleaned and thoroughly dried; nor any Dr. Kitchiner's recipe to make a gallon of Barley small creeks, can be made to subserve the purpose stewpans, &c. without first washing them out with of grinding, as has been shewn by Mr. Hambleton, boiling water, and rubbing them well with a dry Put four ounces of Scotch barley (previously a very serious embarrassment and inconvenience cloth and a little bran, to clean them from grease, washed in cold water,) and four ounces of sliced will have been overcome. Such creeks, convertible sand, &c. or any bad smell they may have got since onions, into five quarts of water, boil gently for one to this valuable end, may we suppose be found along they were last used: never neglect this. hour, and pour it into a pan; then put into the sauce- all our river shores, where the tide ebbs and flows. Though we do not suppose our cook to be such a pan from one to two ounces of clean beef or mut-A more minute description of the manner of erectnaughty slut, as to wilfully neglect her broth pots, ton drippings, or melted suet; or two or three ing such mills, with the cost, &c. and the time they &c. yet we may recommend her to wash them im- ounces of fat bacon minced; when melted, stir into will run, and work they can do, &c. is desirable.] mediately, and take care they are thoroughly dried it four ounces of oat meal rub these together till DEAR SIR, Broth for a groat. Easton, Sept. 22, 1825. before the fire, before they are put by, and to keep you make a paste, (if this be properly managed, the Colonel John Tilghman, of Melville, and myself, them in a dry place, for damp will rust and destroy whole of the fat will combine with the barley broth, have lately erected on Miles river, near St. Michael's, them very soon: attend to this the first moment you and not a particle appear on the surface to offend a tide mill, now in successful operation, on a plan can spare after the dinner is sent up. Never put by the most delicate stomach,) now add the barley entirely new, (at least in this part of the country.) any soup, gravy, &c. in a metal utensil; in which, broth, at first a spoonful at a time, then the rest by The machinery is the same as that of other mills, never keep any thing longer than is absolutely ne- degrees, stirring it well together till it boils. To but the new principle consists in commanding the cessary for the purposes of cookery; the acid, vege- season it, put a drachm of finely powdered celery waters of creeks that have small mouths or inlets, tables, and fat, &c. employed in making them are or cress seed, (or half a drachm of each,) and a by drawing across said inlets. The mill may be capable of dissolving them; therefore stone or earth-quarter of a drachm of finely pounded cayenne, or placed on either side the mouth of the creek deemen vessels should be used for this purpose. a drachm and a half of ground black pepper, or ed most convenient. A stout framed wheel and Stewpans and soup-pots, with thick and round alspice, into a teacup, and mix it up with a little of waste water race is erected, and substantially plankbottoms, (such as saucepans are made with,) will the soup, and then pour it into the rest; stir it thoed, with a flood-gate to each, which is closed at low wear twice as long, and are cleaned with half the roughly together, let it simmer gently a quarter of water, when the tide rises, until you have a rise of trouble, as those whose sides are soldered to the an hour longer, season it with salt, and it is ready. 5 or 6 inches on the outer or river side. The floodbottom, of which sand and grease get into the join- The flavour may be varied by doubling the por-gate is raised, and the water thrown with great force ed part, and it is next to an impossibility to dis- tion of onions. or adding a clove of garlic or eschal- and velocity on the wheel and paddles, (which relodge it. The editor claims the credit of having lot, and leaving out the celery seed. first suggested the importance of this construction of these utensils. smoke out. Knuckle of Veal, or shin or leg of Beef Soup. semble those of a steamboat.) If the creek has much extent of surface, say from 15 to 20 acres, the rush of the water through the wheel race fills the creek Take care that the lids fit as close as possible, A knuckle of veal, of six pounds weight, will so slow, that the rise on the river side is continually that the broth, soup, and sauces, &c. may not waste make a large tureen of excellent soup, and is thus increasing, and consequently the force and velocity by evaporation. They are good for nothing, unless easily prepared: Cut half a pound of bacon into of the water. The creek we have contains perhaps they fit tight enough to keep the steam in and the slices about half an inch thick, lay it at the bottom 25 acres, and we are obliged frequently to raise the of a soup kettle, or deep stewpan, and on this place waste water gate, to admit into the creek, or let off Stewpans and saucepans should be always bright the knuckle of veal, having first chopped the bone into the river, the surplus water. When the flood on the upper rim where the fire does not burn them: in two or three places-furnish it with two carrots, tide is done, and the creek filled with water, the but to scour them all over, is not only giving the two turnips, a head of celery, two large onions, aforesaid gates are closed until a rise is acquired, cook needless trouble, but wearing out the vessels. with two or three cloves stuck in one of them, a the wheel gate is then raised, and the water rushes Cultivate habits of regularity and cleanliness, &c. dozen of corns of black, and the same of Jamaica to the river with the same force it entered the creek. in all your business, which you will then get through pepper, and a good bundle of lemon-thyme, winter We have a pair of stones separately geared for each easily and comfortably. I do not mean the restless savory, and parsley. Just cover the meat with cold tide. Captain Robert Speden, an ingenious and respirit of Molidusta, "the tidy-one," who is always water, and set it over a quick fire till it boils; hav- spectable mechanic of this county, is the inventor or frisking about, in a whirlpool of bustle and confu- ing skimmed it well, remove your soup kettle to discoverer of the above plan, and has erected and sion; and is always dirty, under pretence of being the side of the fire, let it stew very gently till it is put our mill into operation. He has obtained a paalways cleaning. quite tender, i. e. about four hours; then take out tent, and will contract either for the right of building, Lean juicy beef, mutton, or veal, form the basis the bacon and veal, strain the soup, and set it by in or will erect them himself, on reasonable terms. In a of broth: procure those pieces which afford the a cool place till you want it, when you must take level district of country like this, where sites for wamost and the richest succulence, and as fresh killed off the fat from the surface of your liquor, and de- ter mills on streams are very rare, and where creeks, as possible.* cant it (keeping back the settlings at the bottom,) such as I have described, are to be found in every Stale meat will make your broth grouty and bad into a clean pan. neighbourhood, this promises to be a useful discotasted, and fat meat is only wasted. This only ap- If you like a thickened soup, put three tablespoons-very. Should you think the above notice would inplies to those broths which are required to be per- ful of the fat you have taken off the soup, into a terest any of your numerous subscribers, you are at fectly clear: we shall show hereafter, that fat and small stewpan, and mix it with four tablespoonsful liberty to publish it. clarified drippings may be so combined with vege- of flour, pour a ladleful of soup to it, and mix it table mucilage, as to afford, at the small cost of one with the rest by degrees, and boil it up till it is penny per quart, a nourishing and palatable soup, smooth. fully adequate to satisfy appetite, and support Cut the meat and gristle of the knuckle and the strength. This will open a new source to those bacon into mouthfuls, and put them into the soup, benevolent housekeepers, who are disposed to re- and let them get warm. lieve the poor, and show the industrious classes how You may make this more savoury by adding cat- MISCELLANEOUS. TIDE MILLS. I am, sir, Very respectfully, your obdt, servt, EDW. N. HAMBLETON. [From the Annals of Sporting.] STRANGE AFFINITY. Thomas Graham, of Scattergate, Appleby, Westmoreland county, Eng. has at this time a cow and a pig so strongly attached to each other, that they are never separated; the former will not suffer herself to be driven to any place without the company of her little attendant, to whom she acts as a careful safeguard; for, in her way to grass, she has every [The subject of the following letter is one of great day to pass through the town, when the grunter is *In general, it has been considered the best econo- and increasing concern to the agricultural commu-frequently assailed by dogs, who pay dear for their my to use the cheapest and most inferior meats for soup, &c. and to boil it down till it is entirely destroy-nity. The dryness of the seasons for some years temerity in attacking it. After a conflict of this ed, and hardly worth putting in the hog-tub. This is a past, combining with the effect of extended clearing kind, the cow and the pig never fail to congratulate false frugality; buy good pieces of meat, and only stew and cultivation of the uplands and water courses, each other on their victory, by stopping and rubbing them till they are done enough to be eaten. has had the effect of exhausting for a great portion their noses together in the most loving manner; and CURIOUS FACT IN NATURAL HISTORY. There are in a pond, near Feversham, Kent, Eng. three trout, so domesticated, as to come at the call of the person who feeds them, and actually to leap from their native element to eat out of the hand of their feeder. CROSS-BOW EXERCISE. LARK AND HAWK. LARGE PEAR. The third match at 2 o'clock, between Trouble, Mr. Joseph Hall, gardener, residing in the suburbs a colt of Duroc's, and Lance, sired by Eclipse, four of Albany, has gathered from one of his trees, an mile heats, was a very beautiful race; the horses enormous pear, which measures fourteen inches in running so close together that they might frequentcircumference, and which is supposed to exceed any ly have been covered by a sheet. Trouble won the thing of the kind ever before seen in Europe, or two heats, beating each by only half a length. Mr. [Albany paper. Samuel Laird, the rider of the winning horse, was America. universally applauded for the great skill he exhibited; indeed it was believed that the success of the race [From the Annals of Sporting.] The match between Mr. Barnard's mare of the ENGLAND, FIFTY YEARS AGO. In seventy years the people of Great Britain have was, in a great measure, attributable to his superior riding. advanced full eight millions. In twenty-five years This day the regular races of the Jockey Club the number of houses in England and Wales alone commence. Purse $500, and four mile heats. Great In consequence of a trifling wager, the following have advanced one-half. Fifty years ago, the very circumstance took place, which certainly rivals existence of canals was matter of incredulity. Fif- sport was anticipated, as the following horses had entered:-The southern mare (Wynn's) Flirtilla the celebrated feat of William Tell. In a yard, teen millions of public wealth have now been pro- Moonshine, Oscar, and Count Piper. within a short distance of our office, (says the Li-fitably absorbed by these mighty ducts; and at least verpool Mercury,) a professional gentleman, of this half as much more is at this hour destined for their town, stood with a tumbler on his bare head, and formation. Fifty years ago there was hardly a with his face towards another individual, a trades- steam engine in the kingdom. There cannot now man, who, at the distance of twelve yards, discharg- be less than twelve thousand; a creation of power ed a bullet from a cross-bow at the glass, and broke equal to at least a quarter of a million of horses; it to atoms, without injuring, in the slightest de-an energy which, in a single day, would have rais- Arabian breed, and Captain Colston's brown horse, gree, the mortal target which bore it. Our readers ed up the great pyramid of Egypt. Fifty years took place on Tuesday morning, June 18, over a two may depend on the truth of this statement: but we ago our annual export of manufactured cotton did miles circle in the Grove-park, at Rutherford, near know not whether they will admire most-the skill not amount to a quarter of a million in value. It Gerrard's Cross, Hertfordshire, Eng. It was to trot of the one party, the nerve of the other, or be led has now swollen to near thirty millions. In the nine miles against each other, and to start at differto lament the folly of both. same period, our exported woollens, in defiance of ent ends of the two miles. The persons present disSaxon, Prussian, Spanish, and American competi-mounted, to give fair play to the horses, and not tion, have advanced more than two millions. Fifty to cause a bustle to induce them to break from the years ago, our imports of raw silk were only three trot.. Each did the two miles as follows:It may be questioned whether the human mind hundred thousand pounds in weight. They are now The Mare. could have shewn more sagacity than is exhibited in nearly thirty millions. Fifty years ago, our exports the following case of instinct in a bird:-As a gen-of linens were about four millions of yards; they tleman was travelling on horseback, a short time are now nearly forty millions. Fifty years ago, the since, in the west of Norfolk, a lark dropped on the whole value of our exported produce, both native pommel of the saddle, and, spreading its wings in a and foreign, was just fifteen millions of money; the submissive manner, cowered close to him; he stop-value of British produce exported alone, is now ped his horse, and sat for some time in astonishment, more than fifty millions. A hundred and fifty years looking at the bird, which he supposed to be wound-ago, says old Tucker, there were only two or three ed, but endeavouring to take it, it crept round him vessels in Scotland above two hundred tons; our and placed itself behind; turning himself on the sad-whole tonnage is now more than a quarter of a mildle to observe it, it dropped between the legs of the lion, employing twenty thousand souls. A hundred horse and remained immoveable: it then struck him and fifty years ago, says Chalmers, the whole navy that the poor thing was pursued, and, as the last of Britain did not amount to a hundred thousand resource, hazarded its safety with him, when look-tons; it is now at least three millions of tons, eming up, a hawk was perceived hovering directly over ploying about two hundred thousand souls. them; the poor bird again mounted the saddle, under the eye of its protector; the disappointed hawk shifted its station, and the little fugitive, watching its opportunity, darted over the hedge, and was hid in an instant. SHARK. [Edinburgh Observer. SPORTING OLIO. LONG ISLAND RACES. Tuesday, Oct. 4, 1825. 1st two miles in do. Min. Sec. 6 11 6 10 6 9 6 10 A large shark was observed last week off Calshot castle, by Mr. Bailey, master of the Canteen there, who was in his boat at the time. He instantly rowed on shore, and having procured a musket, with some ball-cartridges, again put off to the spot. The Mr. Bernard West started, at 12 o'clock, on Monmonster darted with great velocity towards the boat, day night, the 30th of September, to go from Kenwhen Mr. B. discharged the piece, within a yard of sington to Maidenhead-bridge and back, 48 miles, the fish. On receiving the fire, it went off, but al- According to previous notice, says the Gazette, in seven hours, for a stake of 200 guineas. Betting most instantly returned, and with his tremendous there were three match races yesterday, on the Uni-was 6 and 7 to 4 on time. The pedestrian did eight jaws wide open, attacked the boat, and received a on course, L. I. The first, at 9 o'clock, between a miles in the first hour, eight and a half in the sesecond shot, near the shoulders, which caused it a Bussorah, of three years, and a filly, mile heats, was cond, and halted at Slough, having performed ninesecond time to disappear, but it came up again in won by the latter with ease, in two heats. teen miles in two hours and thirteen minutes. He about seven or eight minutes, to all appearance in a The great match between the north and south, in reached Maidenhead-bridge in three hours and eighdistressed state. The effect of the first shot was vi-which Mr. Lynch's filly Ariel, three years old, and teen minutes, fresh. On his return he travelled at sible on its belly, it having gone quite through, and Dr. Wynche's colt Lafayette, of the same age, were the rate of seven miles an hour, and halted at Brentthe blood discolored the water. On a third shot be- competitors, took place at 12, the heats, as in the ford, having the last five miles to do in forty minutes. ing fired, it went down, and was seen no more. It first match, being one mile. This match excited He won the match with great difficulty, having three is conjectured that the fish was from 14 to 16 feet great interest; betting very heavy, long odds on the minutes to spare. in length. southern horse Lafayette. They started off at the tap of the drum, Lafayette getting the poles and A very singular circumstance occurred this month taking the lead for a short distance. But Ariel soon at the Chemical tavern, Sir Thomas's Buildings, convinced the knowing ones that they had made a On Monday, the 14th of October, Townsend perLiverpool. An inmate of the house, whilst eating a great "mistake," by running ahead and winning the formed an arduous task, gathering, with his mouth, boiled egg, perceived something hard within, which, heat, with but little difficulty. This excited a revo- one hundred stones, each stone placed at the disupon examination, was found to be another egg, per-lution; all then wanted to bet on the filly, as it was tance of one yard; also, walking four miles backfectly formed, three-quarters of an inch in length. universally conceded that "the grey mare is the better ward, five forward, and running eight, making in the The egg in which it was enclosed was perfectly horse." The second heat was commenced with spirit, whole twenty-three miles, which he performed in but, as the first heat, it resulted in favour of Ariel. 'three hours and fifty-six minutes, being four minutes sweet. ANIMAL PHENOMENON. THE ONE HUNDRED STONES' MATCH. under the time specified. He gathered the one hun-ears with cold water every morning; the remedy is youth of only 15 years of age, started to walk 102 miles in 24 successive hours, on Alnwick Moor. He rested in all 51 minutes, and completed the arduous undertaking half an hour within the limited time. RECIPES. TO MAKE CHEAP BEER. TO ESCAPE THE EFFECTS OF LIGHTNING. PRICES CURRENT. ARTICLES. | FLAX, WHOLESALE. RETAIL. per from to from to Ib. 7 10 11 18 19 20 25 164 174 18 20 On Monday, 14th October, William Mullan, a der-storm, although they may not be terrified by the BEEF, Baltimore Prime, bbl. 9 50 10 When persons happen to be overtaken by a thunlightning, yet they naturally wish for shelter from BACON, and Hams, . COFFEE, W.I. Green, . the rain which usually attends it; and, therefore, if do. Common, no house be at hand, generally take refuge under COTTON, Louisiana, &c. the nearest tree they can find. But in doing this, Georgia Upland, they unknowingly expose themselves to a double COTTON YARN, No. 10, Townsend, the Sussex pedestrian, completed his danger; first, because their clothes being thus kept An advance of 1 cent task, at Newcastle, 12 minutes within time. This dry, their bodies are rendered more liable to injury, each number to No. 18. feat may be pronounced one of the most arduous the lightning often passing over a body whose surCANDLES, Mould, of any in the annals of walking, he having walked face is wet, and, secondly, because a tree, or any CHEESE, . Dipt, 500 miles backwards and 500 miles forwards, in 18 elevated object, instead of warding off, serves to at- FEATHERS, Live,. days. | tract and conduct the lightning, which, in its passage FISH, Herrings, Sus. to the ground, frequently rends the trunks or branchShad, trimmed, es, and kills any person or animal who happens to FLAXSEED, Rough,. be close to it at the time. Instead of seeking pro- FLOUR, Superfine, city, bbl. 00 5 25 tection, then, by retiring under the shelter of a tree, Fine, hay-rick, pillar, wall, or hedge, the person should Susquehanna, superfi. Pour ten gallons of boiling water upon one peck either pursue his way to the nearest house, or get GUNPOWDER, Balti.. 25 lb 5 00 of malt in a tub; stir it about well with a stick, let to a part of the road or field which has no high obit stand about half an hour, and then draw off the ject that can draw the lightning towards it, and rewort: pour ten gallons more of boiling water upon main there until the storm has subsided. the malt, letting it remain another half hour, stirring It is particularly dangerous to stand near leaden it occasionally, then draw it off and put it to the for- spouts, iron gates or palisadoes, at such times; memer wort: when this is done, mix four ounces of hops tals of all kinds having so strong an attraction for with it, and boil it well; then strain the hops from lightning, as frequently to draw it out of the course it, and when the wort becomes milk-warm, put some which it would otherwise have taken. yeast to it to make it ferment: when the fermenta- When in a house, avoid sitting or standing near tion is nearly over, put the liquor into a cask, and the window, door, or walls, during a thunder storm. as soon as the fermentation has perfectly subsided, The nearer a person is to the middle of a room, | better. bung it close down-the beer is then fit for use. The greatest evil to be apprehended from lightning, is the explosion of powder-magazines. These may, in a great degree, be secured from danger by HEMP, Russia, clean, insulation, or by lining the bulk-heads, and floor- HOGS' LARD,. ings, with materials of a non-conducting nature, the LEATHER, Soal, best, expense of which would not be great. | MOLASSES, W. India, MEAL, Corn, kiln dried, bbl. NAILS, 6a20d. Lay the gloves upon a clean board, make a mix- TO PREVENT THE GROWTH OF WEEDS ROUND YOUR To diminish the growth of weeds round fruit trees, spread on the ground round the fresh transplanted trees, as far as the roots extend, the refuse stalks of flax, after the fibrous parts have been separated. This gives them very surprising vigour, as no weeds will grow under the refuse of flax, and the earth remains fresh and loose. Old trees treated in the same manner, when drooping in an orchard, will recover, and push out vegerian shoots. In place of flax stalks, the leaves which fall from trees in autumn may be substituted, but they must be covered with waste twigs, or any thing else that can prevent the wind from blowing them away. A RADICAL CURE FOR THE TOOTH ACHE. There has been but one volume printed. RICE, fresh, To CORRESPONDENTS. bush 75 1 00 50 9 SOAP, Baltimore White, lb. Bedford, Virginia, Sept. 27, 1825. SPICES, Cloves, Ginger, Ground, . TOBACCO-Amount of inspections in the state SALT, St. Ubes, warehouses, during the last week: Warehouse, No. 1, 80 1 00 34 35 13 00 14 00 9 50 11 00 WINES, Madeira, L. P. gal. 2 00 2 50 300 4 Ground Alum, 250 hhds. SHOT, all sizes, do. Sicily,. Lisbon, Sheep, Diseases of Lambs, and Diseases of Swine, conDiseases incident to Cattle in General, The Rot in cluded-On the Hessian Fly, plan for diminishing its ravages-On Timber, opinion of First Class at West Point controverted-Product of Nankin Cotton SeedUse as a tooth powder the Spanish snuff called D. J. Burr on Packing Cotton, with cuts-The Mulber-1: Sibella, and it will clean the teeth as well as any Cookery, Broths and Soups-Newly invented Tide Mills 'ry and Silk Worm-On keeping Grapes-Rudinments of other powder, and totally prevent the tooth ache; Miscellaneous Scraps-Long Island Races, Trotting and make a regular practice of washing behind the Match, &c.-Recipes-Editorial-Prices Current. 1 10 1 25 1 12 1 20 do. crossed,.. 30 2 50 35 40 28 30 unwashed but free of tags. 33 35 Printed every Friday, at $5 per annum, for JOHN S. |