Physics for Geologists, Second EditionCRC Press, 5 вер. 2002 р. - 176 стор. All geologists need a broad understanding of science to understand the processes they study and analytical techniques. In particular, geology students need to grasp the basic physics behind these processes, which this book provides in plain language and simple mathematics. It gives the reader information that will enable him to ascertain the validity of what he reads in scientific literature. Water, an essential component of geology, is emphasized, and many published errors on water are discernible when armed with this text. This updated edition discusses a wide range of topics, including electromagnetic radiation from optics to gamma rays, atomic structure and age-dating, heat and heat flow, electricity and magnetism, stress and strain, sea waves, acoustics, and fluids and fluid flow. The book gives basic definitions and dimensions and also some warnings about misunderstanding mathematical statistics, particularly of linear regression analysis, and unenlightened computation. |
Зміст
Basic concepts | 1 |
Distinctions and definitions | 6 |
Dimensional analysis | 9 |
Force | 12 |
Statics and dynamics | 15 |
Inertia momentum work and energy | 19 |
Body and surface forces | 23 |
Time and force | 27 |
Important electrical definitions | 84 |
Stress and strain | 85 |
Elasticity and the elastic moduli | 86 |
Friction | 89 |
Sliding | 92 |
Bending and folding | 96 |
Fracture | 97 |
Compaction consolidation lithification | 98 |
Gravity | 28 |
Tides | 30 |
Mountains | 33 |
Miscellaneous gravitydriven geological processes | 36 |
Optics | 42 |
Reflection and refraction | 43 |
Interference | 46 |
Polarization | 47 |
fluorescence and phosphorescence | 51 |
Diffraction | 52 |
Rainbows | 53 |
Stereoscopy | 55 |
Atomic structure and agedating | 58 |
Atoms | 59 |
Isotopes and agedating | 62 |
Electromagnetic radiation | 65 |
Cosmic radiation | 66 |
Radar | 69 |
Heat and heat flow | 70 |
Heat flow | 72 |
Electricity and magnetism | 75 |
Magnetism | 78 |
Sea waves | 101 |
Tsunami seismic sea waves or tidal waves | 105 |
Acoustics sound and other waves | 106 |
Earthquakes | 108 |
Seismic surveys | 109 |
Fluids and fluid flow | 111 |
Capillarity | 112 |
Fluid statics | 116 |
Reynolds numbers | 119 |
Solids settling in static fluid | 120 |
Solids in flowing fluid | 122 |
Bernoullis theorem | 123 |
Fluid flow in rocks | 125 |
Important groundwater definitions | 128 |
Some dangers of mathematical statistics | 130 |
Linear regression | 131 |
Appendix | 138 |
Notes | 140 |
143 | |
Further reading | 146 |
148 | |
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Physics for Geologists, Second Edition Richard E. Chapman,Richard Allan Richard Richard Allan Richard Richard Allan Chapman Chapman Попередній перегляд недоступний - 2002 |
Загальні терміни та фрази
15th edn acceleration angle of incidence Artesian Basin atomic number axis Bernoulli's theorem body borehole called coefficient component of weight constant crystal depth diffraction Dimensional analysis dimensionless dimensions direction distance Earth elastic electric electromagnetic radiation electron elevation Encyclopædia Britannica equal Equation Figure fluid flow forces acting frequency frictional resistance geographic poles geology gradient gravity heat horizontal Hubbert hydraulic radius isotopes kinetic energy length light linear regression liquid logarithms magnetic field mass density material measured metre modulus Moon motion mudrock neutrons normal nucleus orbit particles permeability physical pipe plane of incidence polarized pore porosity position potential energy pressure principal stresses proportional protons quantities ratio reflected refractive index rocks rotation sand scale sediment shear stress sin² sliding slope solids speed static Table temperature tension total head tube unit vector velocity vertical viscosity water flow wavelength waves Wivenhoe dam X-rays zero