Some god conduct me to the facred shades, Or in the plains of Tempe lay me down. Dryd. 40. To LAY down. To advance as a propofition. -I have laid down, in fome measure, the defcription of the old known world. Abbot.-Kircherlays it down as a certain principle, that there never was any people fo rude, which did not acknowledge and worthip one fupreme deity. Stilling fleet. I muft lay down this for your encouragement, that we are no longer now under the heavy yoke of a perfect unfinning obedience. Wake Plato lays it down as a principle, that whatever is permitted to befal a juft man, whether poverty or fickness, fhall, either in life or death, conduce to his good. Addif.-From the maxims laid down, many may conclude that there had been abuses. Swift. 41. TO LAY for. To attempt by ambush, or infidious practices. He embarked, being hardly laid for at fea by Cortug-ogli, a famous pirate. Knolles. 42. TO LAY forth. To diffufe; to expatiate. O bird! the delight of gods and of men! and fo he lays himself forth upon the gracefulness of the raven. L'Etrange. 43. To LAY forth. To place when dead in decent posture.

Embalm me,

Then lay me forth; although unqueen'd, yet like

A queen, and daughter to a king, inter me. Shak. 44. TO LAY hold of. To feize; to catch. Then fhall his father and his mother lay hold on him, and bring him out. Deut. xxi. 19.-Favourable seasons of aptitude and inclination, be heedfully laid hold of. Locke. 45. To LAY in. To ftore; to treasure. Let the main part of the ground employed to gardens or corn be to a common stock; and laid in, and ftored up, and then delivered out in proportion. Bacon.

A veffel and provifions laid in large For man and beaft.

Milton.

An equal stock of wit and valour He had laid in by birth a tailor. Hudibras. -They faw the happiness of a private, but they thought they had not yet enough to make them, happy, they would have more, and laid in to make their folitude luxurious. Dryden.-Readers, who are in the flower of their youth, fhould labour at thofe accomplishments which may fet off their perfons when their bloom is gone, and fo lay in timely provisions for manhood and old age. Addifon. 46. To LAY on. To apply with violence. We make no excufes for the obftinate; blows are the proper remedies; but blows laid on in a way different from the ordinary. Locke. 47. To LAY open. To show; to expose.

Teach me, dear creature, how to think and fpeak;

Lay open to my earthy grofs conceit, Smother'd in errors, feeble, fhallow, weak, The folded meaning of your word's deceit. Shak. -A fool layeth open his folly. Prov. xiii. 16. 48. To LAY over. To incruk; to cover; to decorate fuperficially.-Wo unto him that faith to the wood, Awake; to the dumb ftone, Arife, it shall teach: behold, it is laid over with gold and filver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it. Habb. ii. 19. 49. To LAY out. To expend.

Fathers are wont to lay up for their fons; Thou for thy fon are bent to lay out all. Milton. Tycho Brahe laid out, befides his time and induftry, much greater fums of money on instruments than any man we ever heard of. Boyle.

The blood and treasure that's laid out, Is thrown away, and goes for nought. Hudibras. If you can get a good tutor, you will never repent the charge; but will always have the fatisfaction to think it the money, of all other, the belt laid out. Locke.

I, in this venture, double gains pursue,
And laid out all my ftock to purchase you. Dryd.
My father never at a time like this
Would lay out his great foul in words, and wafte
Such precious moments.
Addif.

A melancholy thing to fee the diforders of a houfhold that is under the conduct of an angry ftatefwoman, who lays out all her thoughts upon the public, and is only attentive to find out mifcarriages in the ministry. Addif.—When a man spends his whole life among the ftars and planets, or lays out a twelvemonth on the spots in the fun, however noble his speculations may be, they are very apt to fall into burlesque. Addif-Nature has laid out all her art in beautifying the face; the has touch'd it with vermilion, planted in it a double row of ivory, and made it the feat of fmiles and blushes. Addif. 50. To LAY out. To difplay; to difcover. He was dangerous, and takes occafion to lay out bigotry, and falfe confidence, in all its colours. Atterbury. 51. To LAY out. To difpofe; to plan. The garden is laid out into a grove for fruits, a vineyard, and an allotment for olives and herbs. Notes on the Odyssey. 52. To LAY out. With the reciprocal pronoun, to exert; to put forth.-No felfish man will be concerned to lay out himself for the good of his country. Smalridge. 53. To LAY to. To charge upon. When we began, in courteous manner, to lay his unkindnefs to him, he, feeing himself confronted by fo many, like a refolute orator, went not to denial, but to juftify his cruel falfhood. Sidney. 54. To LAY to. To apply with vigour.—

Let children be hired to lay to their bones, From fallow as needeth, to gather up ftones. Tufer.

We should now lay to our hands to root them up, and cannot tell for what. Oxford Reafons against the Covenant. 55. To LAY to. To harass; to attack.-The great mafter having a careful eye over every part of the city, went himself unto the ftation, which was then hardly laid to by the Baffa Muftapha. Knolles

Whilft he this, and that, and each man's blow, Doth eye, defend, and shift, being laid to fore; Backwards he bears. Daniel's Civil War. 56. To LAY together. To collect; to bring into one view. If we lay all these things together, and confider the parts, rife, and degrees of his fin, we fhall find that it was not for nothing. South.Many people apprehend danger for want of ta-1 king the true measure of things, and laying matters rightly together. L'Efr.-My readers will be very well pleafed, to fee fo many ufeful hints upon this fubject laid together in fo clear and concife a manner. Addifon.-One series of confequences

will

will not ferve the turn, but many different and oppofite deductions must be examined, and laid together, before a man can come to make a right judgment of the point in question. Locke. 57. To LAY under. To fubject to.-

A Roman foul is bent on higher views, To civilize the rude unpolish'd world, And lay it under the restraint of laws. Addifon. 58. To LAY up. To confine to the bed or cham ber.-In the Eaft Indies, the general remedy of all fubject to the gout, is rubbing with hands till the motion raife a violent heat about the joints: where it was chiefly used, no one was ever troubled much, or laid up by that disease. Temple. 59. To LAY up. To ftore; to treasure; to repofite for future ufe.-St Paul did will them of the church of Corinth, every man to lay up fomewhat by him upon the Sunday. Hooker. Those things which at the first are obscure and hard, when me mory hath laid them up for a time, judgment afterwards growing explaineth them. Hooker. That which remaineth over, lay up to be kept until the morning. Exod. xvi. 23.-The king muft preferve the revenues of his crown without diminution, and lay up treasures in ftore against a time of extremity. Bacon.-The whole was tilled, and the harveft laid up in several granaries. Temple.-I will lay up your words for you till time thall ferve. Dryd-This faculty of laying up, and retaining ideas, feveral other animals have to a great degree, as well as men. Locke.

What right, what true, what fit, we justly call, Let this be all my care; for this is all; To lay this harvest up, and hoard with haste What every day will want, and moft, the laft. Pope. (2.) * To LAY. v. n. 1. To bring eggs.-Hens will greedily eat the herb which will make them lay the better. Mortimer. 2. To contrive; to form a scheme.

Spenfer.

And laid about in fight more bufily, Than th' Amazonian dame Penthefile. Hudib. -In the late fuccessful rebellion, how studiously did they lay about them, to caft a flur upon the king. South. He provides elbow-room enough for his confcience to lay about, and have its, full play in. South. 4. To Lay at. To strike; to endeavour to ftrike.

Fiercely the good man did at him lay, The blade oft groaned under the blow, Spenfer. -The fword of him that layeth at him cannot hold. Job. 5. To Lay in for. To make overtures of oblique invitation. I have laid in for thefe, by rebating the fatire, where justice would allow it. Dryden, 6. To LAY on. To ftrike; to beat without intermiffion.

His heart laid on as if it try'd, To force a paffage through his fide. Hudibras, Anfwer, or anfwer not, 'tis all the same, He lays me on, and makes me bear the blame. Dryden

7. To LAY on. To act with vehemence: used of expenfes.-My father has made her mistress of the feaft, and the lays it on. Shakefp. 8. To LAY out. To take meafures. I made strict enquiry wherever I came, and laid out for intelligence of all places, where the entrails of the earth were laid open. Woodward. 9. To LAY upon. To im portune; to requeft with earnestness and inceffantly. Obfolete.-All the people laid so earneftly upon him to take that war in hand, that they faid they would never bear arms more against the Turks, if he omitted that occafion. Knelles.

(1.) * LAY. n. f. [from the verb.] 1. A row; a ftratum; a layer; one rank in a feries, reckon ed upwards.-A viol should have a lay of wire. ftrings below, as close to the belly as the lute, and then the ftrings of guts mounted upon a bridge as in ordinary viols, that the upper ftrings ftrucken might make the lower refound. Bacon.Upon this they lay a layer of stone, and upon that a lay of wood. Mortimer. 2. A wager.-It is esteemed an even lay, whether any man lives ten years longer: I fuppofe it is the fame, that one of any ten might die within one year. Graunt.

(2.) LAY. n. f. [ley, leag, Sax. ley, Scottish.] Graffy ground; meadow; ground unplowed, and kept for cattle; more frequently, and more properly, written lea.

A tuft of daifies on a flow'ry lay They faw.

Dryden.

-The plowing of lays is the firft plowing up of grafs ground for corn. Mortimer's Hub.

(3.) * LAY. n. f. [lay, French. It is faid ori ginally to fignify forrow or complaint, and then to have been transferred to poems written to exprefs forrow. It is derived by the French from leffus, Latin, a funeral fong; but it is found likewife in the Teutonick dialect; ley, lead, Saxon; leey, Danish.] A fong; a poem." It is fcarcely used but in poetry.

To the maiden's founding timbrels fung, In well attuned notes, a joyous lay. F. Queen, Soon he flumber'd, fearing not be harm'd, The whiles with a loud lay, she thus him sweetly charm'd. F. Queen.

This is a moft majestic vision, and Harmonious charming lays.

Shak.

Nor then the folemn nightingale Ceas'd warbling, but all night tun'd her soft lays. Milton.

If Jove's will Have link'd that amorous power to thy foft lay, Now timely fing. Milton. He reach'd the nymph with his harmonious lay, Whom all his charms could not incline to stay. Waller,

On Ceres let him call, and Ceres praise, With uncouth dances, and with country lays.

Dryden

Ev'n gods incline their ravish'd ears, And tune their own harmonious spheres To his immortal lays.

Dennis.

(4.) A LAY (§ 3.) was a kind of ancient poem among the French, confifting of very short verfes. There were two forts of lays; the great, and the little. The former confifted of 12 couplets of verfes, of different measures; the latter of 16 or 20 verfes, divided into 4 couplets, Thefe lays were

the

in the fhade for a week. Evelyn. 3. A hen that. lays eggs.-The oldeft are always reckoned the beft fitters, and the youngeft the best layers. Mort.

the lyric poetry of the old French poets, who were imitated by fome among the English. They are faid to have been formed on the model of the trochaic verfes of the Greek and Latin tragedies.

(5.)* LAY. Preterite of lye.

O! would the quarrel lay upon our heads. Shak. -He was familiarly acquainted with him at fuch time as he lay embaffador at Conftantinople. Knolles-When Ahab had heard those words, he fafted, and lay in fackcloth. 1 Kings xxi. 27.

I tried whatever in the Godhead lay. Dryden. He rode to rouze the préy, That fhaded by the farm in harbour lag, And thence diflodged. Dryd. -Leaving Rome, in my way to Sienna, I lay the firft night at a village in the territories of the ancient Veii. Addifon. The burthen of the reformation lay upon his fhoulders! Francis Atterbury. The prefbyterians argued, That if the Pretender should invade thofe parts where the numbers and eftates of the diffenters chiefly lay, they would fit ftill Savift.

(6.) * LAY. adj. [laicus, Latin; aa] Not clerical; regarding or belonging to the people as diftinct from the clergy.

"

All this they had by law, and not repin'd, The pref'rence was but due to Levi's kind But when fome lay preferment fell by chance, The Gourmands made it their inheritance, Dryd. -Lay perfons, married or unmarried, being doctors of the civil law, may be chancellors, officials, &c. Ayliffe.

It might well startle Our lay unlearned faith. Rowe. (7.) LAY BROTHERS, among the Romanifts, pious but illiterate perfons, who devote themselves in fome convent to the service of the religious. They wear a different habit from that of the religious; but never enter into the choir, nor are prefent at the chapters: nor do they make any other vow except of conftancy and obedience. In the nunneries there are also lay fifters.

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(2.) LAYERS, in gardening (§ 1, def. 2.), are tender shoots or twigs of trees, laid in the ground, till, having ftruck root, they are feparated from the parent tree, and become diftin&t plants.-The propagating trees by layers is done in the following manner: The branches of the trees are to be flit a little way, and laid under the mould for about half a foot; the ground fhould be first made very light, and after they are laid they fhould be gently watered. If they will not remain eafily in the pofition they are put in, they must be pegged down with wooden hooks; the beft feafon for doing this is, for ever-greens, towards the end of Auguft; and, for other trees, in the beginning of February. If they have taken root, they are to be cut off from the main plant the fucceeding winter, and planted out. If the branch is too high from the ground, a tub of earth is to be raised to a proper height for it. Some pare off the rind, and others twift the branch before they lay it, but this is not neceffary. The end of the layer thould be about a foot out of the ground; and the branch may be either tied tight round with a wire, or cut upwards from a joint, or cut round for an inch or two at the place, and it is a good method to pierce several holes through it with an awl above the part tied with the wire.

LAYING THE LAND, in navigation, the state of motion which increases the distance from the coaft, fo as to make it appear lower and smaller, a circumstance which evidently arifes from the intervening convexity of the furface of the sea. It is used in contradiction to raifing the land, which is produced by the oppofite motion of approach towards it.

I.

*LAYMAN. n.f. [lay and man.] 1. One of the people diftinct from the clergy.-Laymen will neither admonish one another themselves, nor suffer minifters to do it. Gov. of the Tongue.

Since a truft muft be, the thought it beft To put it out of laymens pow'r at leaft, And for their folemn vows prepar'd a prieft. Dryden.

(2.) LAYBACH, a town of Carniola, on the above river; 28 miles NE. of Trieste.

(3.) LAYBACH, UPPER, a town of Carniola, 11 miles SW. of Laybach, and 9 SE. of Hydria. LAYCOCK, a town of Wiltshire, 4 miles from Chippenham. It has fairs July 7, and Dec. 21. LAYDON, a town of Kent, in Sheppey ifle. (1.) * LAYER, n.f. [from lay.] 1. A ftratum, or row; a bed; one body spread over another,-A layer of rich mould beneath, about this natural earth to nourish the fibres. Evelyn.-The terref. trial matter is difpofed into ftrata or layers, placed one upon another, in like manner as any earthy diment, fettling down from a flood in great quantity, will naturally be. Woodward. 2. A prig of a plant.-Many trees may be propagated by layers. Miller.-Tranfplant alfo carnation feedlings, give your layers fresh earth, and fet them

LAYMEBAMBA, a town of Peru.

LAYRAC, a town of France, in the dep. of Lot and Garonne, 4 miles S. of Agen, and 9 W. of Valence.

9

LAYSSAC, a town of France, in the dep. of Aveiron; 12 miles E. of Rodez.

*LAYSTAL. n. f. An heap of dung.

Scarce could he footing find in that foul way, For many corfes, like a great lay-fall Of murdered men, which therein ftrewed lay. Spenfer.

LAYSTOFF, or LOWESTOFE, a town of Suf

folk,

folk, 117 miles from London. It feems to hang over the fea, and its chief bufinefs is fishing for cod in the North Sea, and for herring, mackarel, and fprats at home. The church being 3 furlongs off, there is a chapel in the place. Having been a part of the ancient demefnes of the crown, this town has a charter and a seal, by the former of which the inhabitants are exempted from ferving on juries. It has a market on Wednesday, and two annual fairs. Some reckon this the most eaf tern part of Britain.

2

LAYTONS, a town of the United States, in Virginia; 13 miles ESE. of Port Royal. LAZA, a town of Spain, in Galicia. LAZANILLA, a town in the ifle of Cuba. *LAZAR. n. f. [from Lazarus in the gospel.] One deformed and nauseous with filthy and peftilential difeafes.

They ever after in moft wretched cafe, Like loathfome lazars, bỷ the hedges-lay. F. 2. -I'll be fworn, and fworn upon't, the never throwded any but lazars. Shakefp.-I am weary with drawing the deformities of life, and lazars of the people, where every figure of imperfection more refembles me." Dryden.

Life he labours to refine Daily, nor of his little ftock denies Fit alms to lazars merciful and meek. Phillips. LAZARE BUEY, a town of Spain, in New Caftile, 8 miles from Toledo.

LAZARELLI, John Francis, an Italian poet, born at Guibo. He wrote fonnets and fatirical poems, which have been often printed; and died in 1694.

3

-"(1.) LAZARETTO, an island in the Mediterranean, near the N. coaft of Candy, formerly used by the Venetians as a lazaretto.

(2.)* LAZARETTO, LAZAR-HOUSE. n. J. [lazaret, Fr. lazzareto, Ital. from lazar.] A houfe for the reception of the difeafed; an hofpital.

A place

སྙ་་

Before his eyes appear'd, fad, noisome, dark, A laxar-houfe it feem'd, where were laid Numbers of all diseas'd. Milton. (3.) LAZARETTOES, or are chiefly intended LAZAR-HOUSES, for those afflicted with contagious diftempers; and are particularly appointed for the performance of quarantine, by thofe who are fufpected to have come from places infected with the plague.

LAZARIN, a town of Portugal, în Beira.10 LAZARUS, (, Heb. i. e. the Lord's help.] a Jew of Bethany, whom our Saviour raised from the dead, after having been 4 days in the grave. This miracle, with many peculiarly affecting circumftances attending it, is recorded in John xi. Lazarus, from the uncommon attention paid to his fitters by the Jews, upon his death, is fuppofed to have been a man of confiderable property. He and his fifters, Martha and Mary, are recorded to have been among the peculiarly beloved friends of our Lord.

(1.) * LAZAKWORT. n. f. [Laferpitium.] A plant.

(2.) Lazar-woRT. See LASERPITIUM. LAZILY. adv. [from lazy.] Idly; fluggishly; heavily.-Watch him at play, when following his own inclinations; and fee whether he be ftirring

and active, or whether he lazily and listlessly dreams away his time. Locke.

The eastern nations view the rifing fires, Whilft night thades us, and lazily retires. Creech. LAZINESS. n. f. [from lazy.] Idleness; Duggifhnefs; liftleffnefs; heavinefs in action; tardinefs. That inftance of fraud and laziness, the unjuft fteward, who pleaded that he could neither dig nor beg, would quickly have been brought both to dig, and to beg too, rather than ftarve. South. My fortune you have rescued, not only from the power of others, but from my own mo. delty and laziness. Dryden.

*LAZING. adj. [from lazy.] Sluggish; idle. -The hands and the feet mutinied against the belly: they knew no reason, why the one fhould be lazing, and pampering itself with the fruit of the others labour. L'Efir.-The fot cried, Utinam boc effet laborare, while he lay lazing and lolling upon his couch. South.

LAZISE. See LACIZE. LAZONBY, a small town of Cumberland, near Salkeld and Penrith,...

(1.) * LA ZULI. n. f. The ground of this ftone is blue, veined and spotted with white, and a gliftering or metallic yellow it appears to be com. posed of, first, a white sparry, or crystalline matter: 2dly, flakes of the golden yellow tale; 3dly, a fhining yellow fubftance; this fumes off in the calcination of the stone, and cafts a fulphureous fmell; 4thly, a bright blue substance, of great use among the painters, under the name of ultramarine; and when rich, is found, upon trial, to yield about one 6th of copper, with a very little filver. Woodward. 911

(2.) LAZULI LAPIS, a species of zeolite, belong. ing to the clefs of argillaceous earths. See CLAY, ́§ I. 4. It is of a blue colour: That which is of a fine blue inclining to purple, has obtained the name of oriental; but the pale blue is lefs esteemed. It is frequently variegated with yellow, and white fhining veins and fpeckles; which feem to be gold and filver, though they are, in truth, nothing but marcafites. The lapis lazuli has the following properties: 1. It retains its blue colour for a long time in a calcining heat; but changes at laft to a brown. 2. It melts enfily in the fire to a white frothy flag; which puffs up greatly when exposed to the fame of a blow-pipe; but with a ftrong heat in a covered veffel, it becomes clear and folid, with blue clouds in it. 3. It does not ferment with acids; but, if boiled with oil of vitriol, it flowly diffolves, and lofes its blue colour. On adding a folution of fixed alkali, it precipitates a white earth, which being feorified with boras, yields a filver-coloured regulus, varying in bignets according to the different fpecimens of the ftone. 4. By fcorification with lead, it yields filver, fometimes in the quantity of 2 ounces to i cwt. of the ftone. 5. Oil of vitriol discovers the presence of filver more certainly in lapis lazuli than spirit of nitre. 6. On adding spirit of fal-ammoniae to any folution either of crude or calcined lapis lazuli, no blue colour is produced a certain proof that it does not depend on copper; which is further confirmed by the fixity of the blue colour in the fire, and the colour of the flag or glafs. 7. It is fomewhat harder than the other kinds of zeolite,

but