and particularly to communities contemplating port or terminal development, it is recommended that it be published under authority of section 500 of the transportation act of 1920.

G. R. YOUNG,

Resident Member of the Board.

[First indorsement.]

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS,

September 23, 1922.

To the BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS,

Washington D. C.

Approved.

LANSING H. BEACH,

Chief of Engineers.

CONTENTS.

PART L.-CONTROL OF THE PORT.

Page.

Introduction

Chapter I.-Authority over navigation and port waters_

Section 1.-Federal and State rights over navigable waters..

2.-Improvement of channels and harbors.

3.-Removal of obstructions to navigation_-_-

4.-Authorization of bridges over navigable waters__

5.-Licensing and control of ferries-----

ΧΙ

1

1

8

10

15

17

6.-Regulation of moorage and anchorage....

7.-Regulation of entry and clearance_.

8.-Pilotage regulation-----.

18

19

21

13.

Chapter II. Title to the shore lands____.

Section 11.-General question of shore titles_-_

12. The rule in England---

The rule applied in the United States____

14.-Rules of various States regarding title to shore lands__

22

23

25

25

26

27

30

In general

Pennsylvania and Delaware..

30

30

Massachusetts and Maine___.

Extension of the riparian title by statute..

Effects of the doctrine of riparian rights.

Chapter III.-Right of the State to alienate its shore lands___.

Section 15.-Relation of this right to port administration__.

16.-Views of the Federal courts__

17.-Right to grant the shore lands in fee.

18. The law in New York__

31

32

34

35

35

36

41

46

Could the city of New York grant permanent title to

land under water to an upland owner?________

Could the State grant the shore to a private com-
pany for no public purpose?.

29.-Regulation where the State retains its interest in the

shore lands____.

80

30.--Protection of the general public right of access to navi-

gable waters----

31.—Regulation of public wharves....

32.-Regulation of charges at private water terminals_

Chapter VI.-Public construction and operation of water terminals.

Section 33.-General power of public agencies to operate port

facilities

34. Various procedures for authorizing port bonds_--

35. Right of the port authority to levy terminal charges__

Chapter VII.-Organization and powers of the local port authority-

The city-department type

Section 36.-What is a port?

37.-General municipal powers over waterfront and harbor_

38.-Milwaukee___

39. The Port of New York____

40.-Wilmington, Del

41.-Baltimore

42.-Philadelphia_.

43.-Norfolk

44.-Charleston, S. C

45.-Savannah.

46.-Tampa

47.-Galveston

48.-Houston___.

49.-Los Angeles

50.-Portland, Oreg

(continued)-The State-board type_-----

Chapter VIII.—Organization and powers of the local port authority

Section 51.-Port administration as a matter of State concern.

52.-Portland, Me

53.-Boston

54. Rhode Island ports----

55.-New London___.

56.-Mobile

57.-New Orleans..

58.-San Francisco___.

89

89

90

92

93

95

96

97

99

100

100

101

102

103

104

107

111

111

111

112

113

114

116

118

121

Page.

Chapter IX. The port corporation in Washington and Oregon_.

Section 59.-Introductory

60.-Incorporation of ports in Oregon_

128

128

128

Appendix

I.-Extracts from opinions as to what constitute the navi-

gable waters_-_-_

141

Appendix II.-State rules as to ownership of lands under navigable

waters

143

Appendix III.—Transportation act, 1920, and merchant marine act___

148

PART II-ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OF ADMINISTRATIVE

BODIES AT PORTS OF THE UNITED STATES.