value of an attributive verb; as, The old bell had rung out joyfully on many occasions.

Exercise 18

Study the following sentences:

1. Read each phrase and tell why it is a phrase. 2. Classify it on the basis of its characteristic word and give a reason.

3. Classify it, on the basis of use in the sentence, into its smallest known class, and give a reason:

1. The State University of Minnesota is located in the city of Minneapolis.

2. He has learned to love and obey his teacher.

3. The boy to be chosen must be intelligent to be useful. 4. He lives to assist his friends.

5. To lie willingly is base.

6. Walking the race was tiresome to the man wearing the blue coat.

7. We could not cross, being unable to ford the river. 8. Being a member of the regiment, he passed unchallenged.

9. The city of large dimensions sends the most goods to foreign countries.

10. Caesar might have been King.

II. The traveler had walked many miles.

12. The child sat in the window.

13. The temperature of California is mild.

14. Like a spear of flame the cardinal flower Burned out along the meadow.-Eddy.

15. Time is the warp of life.

Oh, tell the young, the gay, the fair,
To weave it well!-Marsden.

16. How sweet it was to draw near my own home after living homeless in the world so long!-Hawthorne.

17. Sweet are the uses of adversity,

Which like the toad, ugly and venomous,

Wears yet a precious jewel in his head.

-Shakespeare.

18. The sufficiency of my merit is to know that my merit is not sufficient.—St. Augustine.

19. There were tones in the voice that whispered then you may hear to-day in a hundred men.-Holmes.

20. This then my creed, to do the best I can
And grant the same to every other man;
So live that my attendant angel be
Not less the angel for his walk with me.

Review

In the extract from Hawthorne's "My Visit to Niagara", on page 68, find three phrases of each kind on each basis.

Chapter VIII

MODIFIERS.

43. The Modifier Defined. Now that we see clearly all the different kinds of words, we are able to see how these words may be united in forming subjects, predicates, and copulas.

Notice first that each italicized expression in the following sentences is a word or group of words: 1. Milton, the poet, was blind.

2. Mary's book is soiled.

3. The white snow hurts my eyes.

4. The minister had lately come from the East.

The first italicized expression is a group of words; the second, a word; the third, fourth, and fifth are words; the sixth and last are groups of words; and the seventh is a word.

Notice next that each italicized expression. changes the meaning of some other part of the sentence. The first changes the meaning, or emphasizes the meaning of the word, Milton; the second changes the meaning of the same word, Milton; the third changes the meaning of the word, book, so does the fourth; the fifth changes the meaning of the word, snow; the sixth changes the meaning of the word, hurts; the seventh and eighth change the meaning of the expression, had come.