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Among the ancient authors which he published, with notes, we may mention the "Poet, Græci, principes heroici carminis," 1566, fol. a magnificent collection, which is every day rising in price; "Pindari et cæterorum octo Græcorum carmina," 1560, 1566, 1586, 24mo: to these we may add Maximus Tyrius, Diodorus, Xenophon, Thucydides, Herodotus, Sophocles, Eschylus, Diogenes Laertius, Plutarch, Apollonius Rhodius, Callimachus, Plato, Herodian, and Appian ; Horace, Virgil, the younger Pliny, Aulus Gellius, Macrobius, and a collection of the Latin historians; but his taste most inclined to Greek literature, and from that language he has furnished us with Latin translations of Anacreon, Theocritus, Bion and Moschus, Pindar, Sextus Empiricus; Eschylus, Sophocles, &c. &c.: and all his translations, extensive as they are, are allowed to be excellent.

The most valued of his own works, original or compiled, are, 1."Ciceronianum Lexicon Græco-Latinum," Paris, 1557, 8vo. 2. "In Ciceronis quamplurimos locos castigationes," ibid. 1557, 8vo; this is usually printed with the former. 3." Admonitio de abusu linguæ Græcæ in quibusdam vocibus quas Latina usurpat," 1563, 8vo; of this there was a new edition by Koloff and Kromayer, Berlin, 1736, 8vo. 4. "Fragmenta poetarum veterum Latinorum, quorum opera non extant," 1564, 8vo. 5." Dictionarium medicum," 1564, 8vo. 6." Introduction au traité de la conformité des merveilles anciennes avec les modernes, ou Traité preparatif à l'apologie pour Herodote," 1566, 8vo, of great rarity and value, and the only edition in which the text was not altered, as was the case in the subsequent ones, of which there were about twelve before 1607. Duchet published a new edition at the Hague in 1733, 3 vols. 8vo. We have mentioned the author's fears respecting his being known to have written it, but in fact he never was discovered, nor is there any truth in the story of his having been obliged to fly from the city, and take refuge in the mountains of Auvergne. 7. "Traité de la conformité du langage François avec le Grec," 8vo, without date. The second edition, of Paris, 1569, was cancelled in some places, which makes the other the more valuable. 8. "Artis typographicæ querimonia de illiteratis quibusdam typographis," 1569, 4to. This little poem, for such it is, has been added to those published by Almeloveen and Maittaire, and there is a recent edition by Lottin, printed at Paris in

1785, 4to, with a French translation, and the genealogy of the Stephani, from 1500. 9. "Epistola qua ad multas multorum amicorum respondet de suæ typographiæ statu, nominatimque de suo Thesauro linguæ Græcæ," 1569, 8vo, reprinted also by Almeloveen and Maittaire. 10. "Comicorum Græcorum sententiæ;" 1569, 12mo. 11. 66 Epigrammata Græca selecta ex Anthologia interpretata ad verbum et carmina," 1570, 8vo. 12. "Thesaurus Græcæ linguæ," 1572, 4 vols. fol. with which is connected the "Glossaria duo," &c. 1573, fol. Of this celebrated work it is unnecessary to say much, as it is so well known to the learned in Europe, and to others information would be unnecessary. Maittaire was of opinion that Henry published a second edition, but has not discovered the date. Niceron thinks he only printed a new title for the unsold copies, with an epigram on Scapula. But Brunet, after examining a great many copies, both with the first and second titles, inclines to the existence of a second edition. Of late a spirited invitation has been held out to public taste and liberality by Messrs. Valpy, who have undertaken a new edition, with improvements; and every lover of literature, every scholar anxious for the honour of his country, must wish them success. 13. "Virtutum encomia, sive gnomæ de virtutibus," 1575, 12mo. 14. "Francofordiense emporium, sive Francofordienses nundina," 1574, 8vo. This collection of prose and verse pieces, which he calls " chandize," is but little known. 15. " Discours merveilleux de la vie et deportments de la reine Catherine de Medecis," 1575, 8vo. This satire, translated in 1575, by a protestant writer, into Latin, with the title of "Legenda sanctæ Catharina Medicea," is attributed to Henry Stephens, and has been often reprinted. 16. "De Latinitate falso suspecta expostulatio, necnon de Plauti Latinitate dissertatio," 1576, 8vo. This is a hit at the Ciceronians, or those who undervalue all Latin that is not borrowed from Cicero. 17. " Pseudo-Cicero, dialogus in quo de multis ad Ciceronis sermonem pertinentibus, de delectu editionum ejus, et cautione in eo legendo," 1577, 8vo. 18. "Schediasmatum variorum, id est, observationum, &c. libri tres," 1578, 8vo. These three books of critical remarks bear the names of the first three months of the year, and three others were added in 1589, but this second part is very rare. Gruter, however, has inserted it in the supplement to vol. V. of his "Thesaurus criticus." 19. "Ni

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zolio-Didascalus, sive monitor Ciceronianorum-Nizoliano. rum dialogus," 1578, 8vo. (See NIZOLIUS). 20." Deux dialogues du nouveau François Italianizé et autrement deguisé entre les courtesans de ce temps," 8vo, no date, but printed, as Brunet thinks, in 1579, by Patisson, and reprinted at Antwerp the same year in 12mo. 21." Projet de livre intitulé de la precellence du langage François,' 1579, 8vo, a curious and very rare work, for which, as we have noticed, the king rewarded him. 22. "Paralipomena grammaticarum Græcæ linguæ institutionum," 1581, 8vo. 23. "Hypomneses de Gallica lingua," 1582, 8vo, and inserted also in his father's French grammar. 24. "De criticis veteribus Græcis et Latinis, eorumque variis apud poetas potissimum reprehensionibus dissertatio," 1587, 4to. 25. "Les premices, ou le premier livre des proverbes epigrammatisés, ou des epigrammes proverbiales rangees en lieux communs," 1593, 8vo. 26." De Lipsii Latinitate palæstra," Francfort, 1595, Svo.

Henry Stephens was twice married, and had three children by his first wife, a son, Paul, a printer, at Geneva, and two daughters, one of whom, Florentia, was married to Isaac Casaubon.'

STEPHANUS (ROBERT), the second of that name, and brother to the preceding, was born at Paris in 1530. Remaining attached to the Roman catholic religion, he refused to accompany his father when he went to Geneva, on which account his father disinherited him; but by his talents and labours he was soon enabled to provide for himself. From 1556 he had a printing-office with many founts of beautiful types, as we may see from his edition of Despauter's "Rudimenta," the first book he printed. William Morel was his partner in the publication of some works, and among the rest an Anacreon, prepared for the press by his brother Henry. It is thought that he obtained the brevet of king's printer after the death of his father, but we do not find that he assumed the title before 1561. He died in Feb. 1571, and in the month of March following, his nephew, Frederic Morel, was made king's printer. He married Denisa Barbé, and had three sons, Robert, Francis, who died young, and Henry. His widow married Mamert Patisson.

Maittaire.Nizeron, vol. XXXVI-Biog. Universelle.

FRANCIS STEPHENS, the third son of Robert, and younger brother to the two preceding, renounced popery with his father, and accompanied him to Geneva, where he carried on the printing-business in partnership with Francis Perrin, from 1561 to 1582. He was married and had children, but we find no mention of them. The following works have been attributed to him: 1. "Traité des Danses, auquel il est demontre qu'elles sont accessoires et dependances de paillardise," 1564, 8vo. 2. "De la puissance legitime. du prince sur le peuple, et du peuple sur le prince," written in Latin by Stephanus Junius Brutus (Hubert Languet) and translated into French, Geneva, 1581, 8vo. This translation is so much esteemed as to bear a higher value than the original. 3. "Remonstrance charitable aux dames et demoiselles de France sur leurs ornamens dissolus," Paris, 1577, 12mo, and a rare book, although twice reprinted in 1581 and 1585, Svo.'

STEPHANUS (ROBERT), the third of that name, was the son of the preceding Robert the second, and was educated by the celebrated Desportes, who inspired him with a taste for poetry. He began printing in 1572, and in 1574 was honoured with the title of king's printer. He translated from Greek into French the first two books of Aristotle's Rhetoric, and printed them himself in 1629, 8vo. In the title-page he calls himself poet and interpreter to the king for the Greek and Latin languages. He was a man of spirit and wit, and was much celebrated for his choice of devices and mottoes for eminent personages. He died in 1629, but left no family. Besides his translation of Aristotle and some Greek poets, he was the author of, 1. "Vers Chretiens au comte du Bouchage," 1587, 4to. 2. "Discours en vers au connetable de Montmorency," 1595, 4to. 3. "Epitre de Gregoire de Nysse touchant ceux qui vont a Jerusalem," with a preface on the superstitious abuse of pilgrimages, which gave rise to the opinion that he was not far from embracing the protestant religion.

2

STEPHANUS (PAUL), son of the second Henry, was born in 1566, and educated with great care. After he had finished his studies, his father, who wished him to succeed to his own business, sent him on his travels that he might form connections with men of learning. He accordingly visited the principal cities of Germany, Holland, Leyden, 2 Biog. Univ.-Maittaire.

1 Maittaire.-Biog. Univ.

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where he lived some time with Lipsius, and came also into England, where he is said to have formed an intimacy with John Castolius, a young man well versed in the ancient languages, but of whom we find no other mention. 1599 he established a printing-office at Geneva, and produced some very correct editions of the Greek and Latin classics with notes, but not such beautiful specimens of typography as those of his father and grandfather. He died at Geneva in 1627, leaving two sons, Anthony and Joseph; the latter was king's printer at Rochelle, and died in 1629. Of Anthony we shall take some notice presently. Paul published, 1. "Epigrammata Græcæ anthologiæ, Latinis versibus reddita," Geneva, 1575, 8vo. 2. "Juvenilia," ibid. 1595, 8vo, consisting of some small pieces he wrote in his youth. Among the editions of the classics which came from his press, there are few, if any, that used to be more valued than his "Euripides," 1602, 4to. It occurs very rarely.

His son

We shall now briefly mention the remaining branches of this justly celebrated family. HENRY STEPHENS, the third of that name, and son to Robert, the second, was treasurer of the royal palaces. Prosper Marchand thinks he was a printer in 1615, but no work is known to have issued from his press. He had two sons, Henry and Robert, and a daughter married to Fougerole, a notary. HENRY, sieur des Fossés, was the author of "L'Art de faire les devices, avec un Traité des rencontres ou mots plaisants," Paris, 1645, 8vo. His "Art of making devices" was translated into English by our countryman Thomas Blount (See vol. V. p. 430) and published in 1646, 4to. Henry assumed the title of interpreter of the Greek and Latin languages, and was reckoned a good poet. We also are indebted to him for a character of Louis XIII. and eloges of the princes and generals who served under that monarch, which he published in a work entitled "Les Triomphes de Louis-le-Juste," Paris, 1649, fol. ROBERT, his brother, was an advocate of parliament, and completed the translation of Aristotle's Rhetoric begun by his uncle, Robert the third of the name, and published at Paris in 1630, 8vo. He left off printing about 1640, and was bailli

of St. Marcel.

ANTHONY STEPHENS, the son of Paul, was born at Geneva in 1594, studied at Lyons, and came to Paris at the age of eighteen. He abjured the protestant religion, and

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