CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION IN LABOUR DISPUTES A HISTORICAL SKETCH AND BRIEF STATEMENT OF THE AT HOME AND ABROAD BY J. STEPHEN JEANS, M.R.I., F.S.S. AUTHOR OF "ENGLAND'S SUPREMACY," ETC., AND LATE SECRETARY OF THE IRON AND CROSBY LOCKWOOD AND SON 7 STATIONERS' HALL COURT, LUDGATE HILL 1894 OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA INTRODUCTION AND OUTLINE. TH HE "condition-of-England question" at the present moment, and for a considerable time past, has been dependent upon the solution of the problem of reconciling capital and labour. In consequence of the difficulties that appear to stand in the way of such a reconciliation, an infinite amount of mischief has been done to all the industrial interests of this country, and the outlook for the future has been clouded with trouble, uncertainty, and gloom. It is not only that employers have lost vast sums of money in resisting claims made by their workmen, and in supporting their own, but the public confidence in all industrial undertakings has been greatly shaken, until the value of such investments, as such, has been seriously deteriorated, and capitalists who were formerly eager to embark upon manufacturing enterprise have ceased to have confidence in it, to such an extent, indeed, that it is shunned by many as if it were a certain plague. So long as this condition of things exists, English commerce and industry must remain in a parlous and undesirable state. The backbone of our commercial supremacy, of our great command of shipping business, of our success as a colonising people, of our superior wealth and all the advantages that it confers, is our manufacturing industry. If that |