many Congressmen who want free trade in everything except in herrings. There are few who are real statesmen and can rise to the occasion and insist upon the adoption of a policy that will finally result in free trade (meaning a tariff for revenue only).
What is needed more than anything is the arousing the American people to the benefits to the whole country by the substitution of a free trade policy (meaning thereby a tariff for revenue only) in the place of the false, debasing, corrupting, enervating policy of protection that has almost succeeded in making us the economic slaves of the great trusts and other corporations. Let us put an end to the political immorality, the intellectual atrophy, and the selfish greed of protectionism.
Bounties, unconstitutional, 150.
Bowditch, J. B., and customs
receipts of 1816, 218.
Borax, results of protecting,
46, 47.
Brandeis, Lewis D., appearing
for consumers, 159.
Bright, John, on protection, 130.
Bulletin of Wool Manufactur-
ers, quoted, 229.
Business the universal, 175; de-
fined, 176.
Business interests, influence on
legislation, 110, 117.
Canada, alienated by tariff
laws, 57.
Carey, H. C., on protection,
139; false view of panics, 141.
Carlisle, J. G., on free trade,
Carnegie, Andrew, on labor,
186.
Clay, Henry, quoted, 36; and
"the American System," 151.
Cleveland, Grover, and the Wil-
son Tariff Reform Bill, 119;
on the tariff, 182.
Cloth, deterioration of, 153, 154.
Cobb, John C., on congress as
a tariff-making body, 276.
Cobden Club, 76, 178.
Coercion, accompanying tariff
Colbert and the French mer-
chants, 61, 62; exponent of
the "mercantile theory," 68.
Commerce, chapters, 18-71; il-
lustrated, 18, 19; mercantile
theory of, 21; between men,
not nations, 21, 27; mutually
beneficial, 23, 28, 30, 53, 54;
economy of, 38, 39, 58; fet-
ters on, 39; illustration of
mutual economy, 59, 60; dim-
inished by protection, 155.
Compromise tariff of 1833, 258,
283.
Conference Committee, arbi-
trary power of, 270, 271.
Constitution of United States
on imposts or duties, III.
Consumer, burden on through
protection, 125-127, 134-139;
yearly overcharge to, 145,
149; what he wants, 164, 165;
how he suffers, 170; foreign
consumers, 171; exploited by
mine owners, 174; annual
financial burden due to protec-
tion, 171; and woolen goods,
227, 228; heavy tax on from
protection of iron industry,
246, 250; no lobby represent-
ing, 286; despoiled by tariff
bill laws, 266; what a cent
is to, 272, 273.
Cooley, Judge, on taxes for rev-
enue, 129.
Corruption through protection,
of parties, 119, 121; at the
polls, 121; of senators, 123.
Cotton, manufacturing, and
tariff of 1816, 211; growth of
industry, 212, 213, 219, 220;
beginning of spinning, 212;
meeting foreign competition,
218; weak mills apply for
protection, 219; and a low
tariff, 220; successful manu-
facturers and tariffs, 219, 221;
protection not needed by, 222-
226, 263; granted unnecessary
protection, 254; substituted
for wool, 239, 240; trans-
ferred to "Schedule C," 263.
Customs, defined, 41, 42.
Dawes Bill, 283, 284.
Democratic tariff reformers,
119, 120.
Diamonds, 51.
Dickens, Charles, on prosperity
in New England, 81.
Dingley Act, and Conference
Committee, 272.
Dolliver, Senator, appeal for
change of schedules, 266, 267.
"Dumping," the bugaboo, 65-67.
Emerson, R. W., on the basis
of political economy, 74.
England benefited by free
trade, 75; a free trade coun-
try, 75.
Excise duties, 108.
Exports, increase attended by
increase of imports, 32-34;
mistaken views of, in rela-
tion to imports, 42, 43.
Fairchild, Representative, quo-
ted, 13.
Foreign inferiority and pro-
tection, 162.
"Foreigner pays the tax," idea,
76.
Franklin,
Benjamin, quoted
for protection, 92, 93.
Free Exchange, benefits of,
62, 63.
Free trade, defined, 5, 6, 7, 15,
16; between states, 20, 55, 56;
proper sense of term, 39; a
peace measure, 52, 53; ex-
ample of successful working,
54; what absolute can do, 63-
65; chapters on, 72-98; the
natural condition, 72;
mode of liberty," 72; an ac-
tual fact in the United States,
72-74; favorable to the maxi-
mum of production,
means freedom of trade sub-
ject to necessary taxation,
81; our prosperity under, 82,
Fruits of American protection,
The, 171.
Frye, Senator, quoted, 13.
Gallatin's Report, story of hat
industry, 80.
Gallinger, Senator, on protec-
tion of American labor, 188.
Gardner, A. P., quoted, 70.
Garfield, J. A., on selfishness
accompanying appeals for du-
ties, 123.
George, Henry, his story of
some protectionists and the
customs, 95, 96.
Gladstone, W. E., on the tariff,
114; on American protective
system, 128.
Gold and protection principles,
44; as an "infant industry,"
44, 45; its hoarding, 68; and,
California, 69, 70.
Gorman-Wilson tariff, 141.
"Great Debate" on Mills tariff
bill, 181, 200, 201.
Greeley, Horace, on protection,
138.
Grimes, J. W., on the Morrill
tariff bill and coercion, 123.
83; of universal application, Hamilton, Alexander, report to
88; advantages following, 89,
90; natural, 90, 91; a relative
term, 92; adopted with the
constitution, 101; need of a
free trade policy, 287.
congress on manufactures,
156, 157.
History of American Manufac-
tures, Bishop, quoted, 220.
Horizontal reduction, 281, 285.
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