VI. 1764. ment of governor of New Jersey,' which was accordingly be- C H A P. stowed upon him. By the exertion of Governor Penn, and the interest of the proprietaries, the embassy of Franklin from Pennsylvania to England, was opposed in the assembly with a violence, which, though unsuccessful, appears to have strongly affected the feelings of Franklin, and given him a painful foretaste of that sacrifice of private friendship, which every man who takes an active part in civil broils, must either inflict or incur, and, at all events, should firmly prepare himself to undergo. Of his present mission, the immediate object proved indeed unsuccessful. The petition of the Pennsylvanian assembly to the throne, was rejected; and the proprietary government allowed to remain unchanged.3 But Franklin's sojourn in Europe, proved far longer and more interesting than he had expected; and this, his second mission, as the representative of a portion of his countrymen, was attended with consequences more profoundly and diffusively important to America, than either its promoters or opponents had anticipated. The salary of this office at that time was 1,000l. a-year.-Burnaby's Travels. 2 In one of the political compositions published by Franklin at this period, he expresses a deep and manly, but not repentant sorrow for the hostility which he had provoked from men (says he)," the very ashes of whose former friendship I revere." "Esto perpetua," he adds, with votive benediction of Pennsylvania and its social system a wish more propitious to human happiness than that of Father Paul, of Venice, from whom the expression is derived. 3 Proud. S. Smith. Franklin's Memoirs. APPENDIX III. Condition of the North American States-Virginia-New England-Marylandthe Carolinas-New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania-Georgia.-Political feelings and ideas in Britain and America.-Benjamin West.-Indian Affairs.— Moravian Missions. Ar this interesting epoch, we may, with propriety, pause a APP. III. while, to survey some particulars of the condition of the 1764. North American states,-supplemental to the views occasionally disclosed from various points of our progress along the main stream of events. Though, from the defect of materials, our survey must be far less minute and extended, than its importance deserves, yet, by collecting the scattered rays, which may be extracted from various existing sources of information, some additional light can be thrown on the state of society in America, at the present period, when a signal crisis in her fortune had occurred, and a grander and more important crisis in her fortune and constitution was at hand. North The war, which issued in the triumphs we have witnessed Condition over the French, the Spaniards, and the Indians, exercised of the during its continuance, a mischievous influence on the popu- American lation and prosperity of the American provinces, which, how- Statesever, the vigour and virtue of their excellent constitutions, aided by the happy result of the contest, enabled them very speedily to surmount. In the commencement of the war, the successes of the French, and the ferocious ravages of the Indians, tended to repress the flow of emigration from Europe to America; and, during the whole of its continuance, the sacrifice of life and resources, yielded to military exigence, and inflicted by hostile rage, diminished the means and the activity of domestic increase. But the progressive growth of America, though impeded, was by no means arrested during this war. In every instance in which materials for judgment can be obtained, we find the various states more wealthy and |