The Progress of Philosophy: In the Past and in the FutureJ.B. Lippincott & Company, 1858 - 232 стор. |
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absolute affirmation analogy analysis ancient philosophy apodictic application Aristotle Bacon Baconian Baconian method basis called Cartes causal judgment cause cognition common sense concept condition of relativity conditions of thought consciousness considered contradiction criticism deduction determined discriminate doctrine elements enounced error exclusively existence external fact faculties form of thought formal fundamental Greek history of philosophy human mind illation individual inductive reasoning inference infinite innate ideas intelligence Kant language law of identity laws of thought liam Hamilton Locke Locke's logic logicians losophy material truth mental metaphysical method necessity negative non-contradiction notions Novum Organum observation perennial philosophy phenomena phers philo philoso philosophy of common physical Plato predicate primary beliefs principle priori problem pure question realized reason Reid relation says sciousness sensation shown Sir William Hamilton skepticism Socrates speculation supposed syllogism synthesis synthetic things thinkers thinking tion tive trine true unconditioned universal whole
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Сторінка 84 - But hitherto I have not been able to discover the cause of those properties of gravity from phenomena, and I frame no hypotheses: for whatever is not deduced from the phenomena is to be called an hypothesis ; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, whether of occult qualities or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy. In this philosophy particular propositions are inferred from the phenomena, and afterwards rendered general by induction.
Сторінка 52 - ... proceeds to judgment and to the discovery of middle axioms. And this way is now in fashion. The other derives axioms from the senses and particulars, rising by a gradual and unbroken ascent, so that it arrives at the most general...
Сторінка 158 - ... be the opposite of positive thinking, it must be the violation of one or more of the conditions of positive thinking. The conditions of positive thinking are two ; 1st. The condition of non-contradiction : 2d. The condition of relativity. To think at all, (that is positively, for positive thinking is properly the only thinking,) our thinking must not involve a contradiction, and it must involve relativity. If it involve contradiction, the impossible both in thought and in reality results. If...
Сторінка 205 - This is often accomplished best by omitting the expression of steps in the mental process of thinking, as the minds of others will intuitively supply the omitted steps as they follow the meaning of the elliptical expression. This elliptical character of common language has made logicians overlook the quantification of the predicate. The purpose of common language does not require the quantity to be expressed. Therefore, it was supposed that there is no quantification in the internal thought. When...
Сторінка 100 - The understanding seems to me not to have the least glimmering of any ideas which it doth not receive from one of these two. External objects furnish the mind with the ideas of sensible qualities, which are all those different perceptions they produce in us; and the mind furnishes the understanding with ideas of its own operations.
Сторінка 173 - And as the one or the other of contradictories must be true, whilst both cannot ; it proves that there is no ground for inferring a certain fact to be impossible, merely from our inability to conceive 'its possibility. At the same time, if the causal judgment be not an express affirmation of mind, but only an incapacity of thinking the opposite ; it follows, that such a negative judgment cannot...
Сторінка 173 - In thoughts more elevate, and reason'd high Of Providence, foreknowledge, will, and fate, Fixt fate, freewill, foreknowledge absolute, And found no end, in wandering mazes lost.
Сторінка 147 - Las hitherto been found impossible^ 7. No philosopher has ever formally denied the truth or disclaimed the authority of consciousness; but few or none have been content implicitly to accept and consistently to follow out its dictates. Instead of humbly resorting to consciousness, to draw from thence his doctrines and their proof, each dogmatic speculator looked only into consciousness, there to discover his preadopted opinions.
Сторінка 176 - The phenomenon is this :—When aware of a new appearance, ' we are unable to conceive that therein has originated any new existence, and are, therefore, constrained to think, that what now appears to us under a new form, had previously an existence under others.
Сторінка 79 - ... qualities only as these qualities afford a similar presentation in sense or a similar representation in imagination, and qualities are to us completely similar, when we are unable to distinguish their cognitions. But what we cannot distinguish, is, to us, the same ; therefore, objects which determine undistinguishable impressions upon us, are perceived and represented in the same mental modification, and are subjectively to us precisely as if they were objectively identical. But the consciousness...