doings of every other part. but then it was through the

Havelock belonged, no doubt, to the 13th; 13th that he belonged to the army at large. His regimental attachments notwithstanding, he was known as the large and liberal-minded comrade of every soldier, whether of the Company or of the Queen."

1833. Passed examination in native languages before Station Committee at Agra, and went down to Calcutta for examination at the College of Fort- William.” "1831. Passed examination in languages at College of Fort- William. Appointed Acting-Interpreter to 16th Foot, stationed at Cawnpore."

From the above paragraphs it will be gathered that his religious tendencies did not prevent him from fitting himself to go well through the duties of his station in life.

In 1835 he was appointed Adjutant of his own regiment, the 13th Light Infantry; and we are told that about this appointment there arose serious difficulties on account of his religious habits! This appears to us to be a striking comment upon the hollowness of average professed Christianity. What kind of appreciation of the nature of the religion of Christ must they have, who hold that his followers are ipso facto unsuited to fill a post, amongst the essential qualifications for which are integrity and conscience? However, the "good part' which he had chosen was not taken from him; and on diligent inquiry as to how his rule answered in his own company, as compared with that of others, it was found that Havelock's company, and those who joined them in their religious exercises, were the most sober and the best behaved in the regiment! "The complaint is," said the GovernorGeneral, "that they are Baptists; I only wish that the whole regiment was Baptist."

In 1838, Havelock's family was up at Landour, in the Himalayas, whither they had been sent for change of air, and there a terrible calamity visited them-their bungalow was destroyed by fire, a little girl and two servants lost their lives, and Mrs. Havelock was dreadfully burnt. The little girl, it seems, was Havelock's daughter-at least Mr. Brock tells us that Havelock's infant daughter died in a few days after from the effect of the fire. Enough that she did die, whether or not her death was besides that of the little girl first mentioned; and Havelock mourned, but not as they who have no hope, nor as Rachel for her children, for he never considered either his children's or his own abiding place to be here. Of course the natural man was grieved, though not repining; and even in his sorrow he must have felt gratified at the proofs of attachment drawn from his men by this calamitythey came in a body to him, begging to be allowed to devote one month's pay to help him to sustain the loss of property. "This, of course, was declined, but it showed the high estimation in which he was held by his men."

In 1838, Havelock "got his company, AFTER SERVING TWENTYTHREE YEARS AS A SUBALTERN OFFICER!"

As Mr. Brock follows Havelock, he necessarily presents us with a history more or less sketchy of the proceedings of the English to thwart the encroachments of ever-scheming Russia, and in redemption of their obligations towards their allies in Cabool-a summary, in fact,

of the Affghanistan wars from 1839 to 1843, during which time Havelock on many occasions distinguished himself, amongst others in the memorable defence of Jellalabad, where, in the gallant sally which the beleaguered garrison were at length driven to make, Havelock commanded one of the three columns, of 500 men each, which succeeded in overthrowing and dispersing Akbar Khan's forces, which had been investing them for so many weary, starving months. For his gal lautry on this occasion, Havelock obtained his brevet-majority, which, in the following year, was made substantive rank in his own regiment, the old 13th. Scarcely had the "soldier tired" sheathed his dinted sword, ere it was necessary to draw and sharpen it again for the protection of the throne of the young Rajah of Gwalior, who, we learn, was "the same Scindia whose recent fidelity to his treaty-engagements has won so much approbation." When this affair was off our hands, the Sikh war sprung up, and occupied Havelock again. He was through the battles of Moodkee-where he had two horses shot under him-and the two days' fight at Ferozeshur, where fell the gallant Sale; he was at Aliwal and Sobraon, where again his horse is shot under him, a cannon-ball going through the saddle-cloth. This (1846) ended the campaign.

In 1849, Havelock's health became so much impaired by hard work under an Indian sun, that he was compelled to seek a change of climate, and relaxation from his military duties. Accordingly he returned to his native land, having been serving her abroad for twenty-seven years. Acting under advice, he soon went over to the Continent, to take advantage of the medicinal waters of Germany. From whence, after a time, he writes from Ems-"I can hardly describe to you how much I have already benefitted, by God's help, from these potations and immersions. I am to devour grapes at the rate of eight pounds per diem, and then, it is hoped, I may be fit for something. We shall see. Love to all." He did recover his health sufficiently for him, as a conscientious soldier, to buckle on his sword again; and being, as he said, convinced that the road to India was his path of duty," he acted upon that conviction. First he paid a short farewell visit to England, back again to his family in Germany, and locating them permanently at Bonn, for, after a severe struggle, he had determined upon leaving them behind him, he once more set his face to the East, where lay his duty, turning his back upon the western world, where were all that were near and dear to the natural man, all except two sons, who were in India, and the prospect of meeting with whom must have afforded much consolation to him in his sorrow. He expresses his feelings in the letters which he writes to his family in strong terms, almost daily letters, which exhibit as well the mortal weakness of the man as the heaven-derived strength of the Christian. "If you knew," he says, "what I have endured since I parted with you, I fear it would give you pain; but my God will support me. I have Jesus Christ to comfort me, yet in this mortal state we do feel keenly." Again-" Let us do His will, and leave the event to God; perhaps He may be merciful to us, and grant that we may soon meet again, though we see not how." Other traits of his character, besides his affection for his family and his dependence on his God, appear in these letters, written as he

made his way down to Trieste, whence he was to embark for the scene of his heroism and his martyrdom. We called attention before to his love for strategy and battlefield-plan. He writes from Leipsic, Oct. 30, 1851-"I purpose going to see the battlefield to-morrow morning." Again, Nov. 1, from Dresden-" Next I mounted on the top of the Kreuz-Kirche, and thence saw, as on a plan, all that Napoleon saw at the grand battle, excepting the battle itself. I do now understand Alison's account of the fight perfectly." Again, after his arrival in India, which took place in December, 1851, he writes to his little son-"Read all the accounts of Alma, Balaclava, and Inkermann; and if, by God's blessing, we meet again, I will explain them to you.” And again, in December, 1854-" My patience is rewarded by the intelligence of the glorious but sanguinary action of the 5th November in front of Sebastopol.. I wish my boy George to be fully instructed regarding these matters, for now that I am nearly sixty, I derive great advantage from the knowledge I acquired at school of the affairs of those times."

It happens that Mr. Brock has recorded Havelock's opinion on a question exactly parallel with one which has been within the past month much discussed in this city. It was proposed to throw open the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park to the lower orders on Sunday. Havelock says"No, you must have no Crystal Palace open on the Sabbath, if you value the small amount of piety to be found in the nation." And we are proud to say that similar sentiments prevailed with a large majority of the body whose province it was to determine a like question in Dublin a few weeks ago.

When war broke out between us and Persia, in 1857, Havelock was given the command of the Second Division of our army. It was not a war of many months; and in March of the same year a treaty of peace was signed at Paris, Havelock having had no occasion to stain his sword.

We have now to do with the portion of Havelock's life which, though ending in his death, has rendered him immortal in history. "During the Brigadier's (Havelock was now Brigadier-General) absence in Persia," says Mr. Brock, "a fearful calamity had happened to our Indian Empire. A mutiny, which has no parallel in our former Oriental history, had broken out, threatening the ignominious and final expulsion of the British race from Hindostan." When Havelock arrived from Persia at Bombay, and found the country in a state of consternation, and almost of anarchy, his first impulse was to get across country to his own Presidency (Bengal), to take his post as Adjutant-General of the Queen's troops, which he still retained; but on consultation decided that it would be highly unsafe to attempt to do so without an escort, and an escort could not be afforded, so "long sea" was necessary, and he sailed without delay in the "Erin" for Pont de Galle, to take the next steamer thence to Calcutta. The "Erin" was wrecked on the Ceylon coast at night; but after some hours' suffering and anxiety, joy came to the sufferers and hope to the despairing ones, when day broke, and they were rescued by canoes from the shore, no lives having been lost; and Havelock, as ever, practically acknowledging the goodness of God, called upon the ship's company to return thanks to Him for his

signal mercy. And there on the shore did he himself read to them, all respectfully attentive, the service appointed for such occasions. From Pont de Galle he made Madras, and thence Calcutta. He writes from Calcutta, under the date of 21st June, 1857, a-year ago, as follows:

"I have barely time to tell you, by the after packet which leaves to-day, that I was yesterday reappointed Brigadier-General, and leave by dawk, as soon as possible, for Allahabad. Sir Patrick Grant lost no time in recommending me for this important command, the object for which is to relieve Cawnpore, where Sir Hugh Wheeler is threatened, and support Lucknow, where Sir Henry Lawrence is somewhat pressed. May God give me wisdom and strength to fulfil the expectations of Government, and restore tranquility in the disturbed provinces."

Cawnpore and Lucknow! more suggestive names do not redden the ensanguined map of Hindostan. We do not readily find words to express the thrill of horror or the flush of indignation which we experience when we recall the fate of the brave old man, Wheeler, his chivalrous garrison, and the women, the women and the little children—a fate, the barbarity of which was enhanced by the treachery which compassed it. It is not to be dwelt upon without giving rise to thoughts of a complexion which the Christian religion will not recognize.

Lucknow, equally gloriously, happily, more successfully defended, until gallantly relieved, it may be said of thee that for thee was Havelock born, as assuredly it may, that for thee he died! Finis coronat opus— it was a worthy achievement by which to conclude the Christian soldier's

career.

A very painfully interesting chapter is devoted to a slight sketch of these two defences. The Cawnpore tragedy had been enacted, and news of it had reached Allahabad, where Havelock was, sent by the noble Sir Harry Lawrence, himself beleaguered in Lucknow. Already some 600 men had started for Cawnpore, under Major Renaud. Have

lock was now sent after him with more troops, and he writes under date Allahabad, 3rd July, 1857-I march to-morrow to endeavour to retake Cawnpore, and rescue Lucknow." It would be superfluous to dwell upon the interests comprised in those words-"To retake Cawnpore, and rescue Lucknow." Never was there a nobler object placed before a soldier, and never did a soldier attain his object through greater hardships and dangers, forced-marches under an Indian sun in July, and then, too frequently, fierce combats with a bloodthirsty foe, by way of rest. This was the daily experience of Havelock's force. For the particulars of these, graphically written, we must refer our readers to this interesting little book itself. Suffice it for us to call to mind, that when the miscreant Nana Sahib, defeated at the bridge of Pandoo Nuddee, saw that he would not be able to keep us out of Cawnpore, he committed that slaughter of the women and children, whom until then he had spared, which has rendered his name a byword and a curse, and was a fitting consummation to his treacherous slaughter of Sir H. Wheeler and his garrison. Having gratified his distorted nature with this savage indulgence, Nana Sahib retired to Bithoor, there to make a stand, but

his troops failed him, and fled across the Ganges. Mr. Brock sums up the achievements of Havelock in the following words :

:

"In his short campaign from Allahabad to Bithoor, Havelock had thus taken forty-four guns, and he had gained four battles: Futtehpore, Aong, Pandoo Nuddee, and Cawnpore. But these successes are mere indications of his almost unparalleled exertions; they had been gained with a force utterly inadequate to the magnitude of the undertaking, and almost destitute of cavalry. They had been achieved, too, against fearful odds, the enemy consisting of troops disciplined and taught by ourselves to fight-some of them Havelock's old soldiers-well armed, strong in cavalry and artillery, and, above all, accustomed to the scorching heat of a July sun."

From Cawnpore, which was retaken in a day's hard fighting, with reinforcements barely sufficient to fill up the gaps made in his ranks by hardship and battle, Havelock pressed on to "rescue Lucknow," defeated the rebels again at Busserut Gunge, and next morning fell back upon Munghowur, cholera having broken out virulently amongst his men. In this plight Havelock heard that the rebels were assembled at Unao again. He marched on them, fought them, and, as usual, defeated them, but with heavy loss on his own side. After his victory, he found himself compelled, for the present, to abandon the idea of reaching Lucknow; accordingly, having allowed his men a couple of hours' rest, he fell back again, and next day rejoined the gallant Neill at Cawnpore-not too soon-for Nana Sahib was in the neighbourhood, and wanted Cawnpore back, and Neill had sent nearly every effective man with him to Havelock, whose return was therefore a welcome reinforcement. After a day's rest, Neill fought the rebels at Pandoo Nuddee, and put them to flight, thereby keeping open the communication with Allahabad, which had been in danger of being cut off. Next day Havelock defeated a powerful and strongly-entrenched force of them at Bithoor. On the 16th September came General Outram with reinforcements, "small," as Mr. Brock says-" small, but the exigency was most urgent." General Outram was, by virtue of his superior rank, entitled to have assumed the chief command, but maguanimously left to Havelock the opportunity of finishing what he had commenced so gallantly, and suffered for so unflinchingly. We have not space to enlarge upon the difficulties which Havelock experienced in getting his force-artillery, elephants, and various materiel-across the Ganges, which had overflowed the country for several miles on the Oude side, into which he was penetrating. The day after the passage was accomplished was the Sabbath, and the little army of deliverance took that rest which was so needful for them. On Monday the enemy opposed them with the usual result, and Havelock was not interrupted by them again until he reached the Alum Bagh. After their battle, the same day, the force marched twenty miles through an inundated country in a deluge of rain. Next day another march of fourteen miles brought them within sound of the artillery booming around the Residency of Lucknow, and a royal salute was fired from their own heavy guns, in the hope that their friends in danger might hear the report, and comprehend its purport. Next day the enemy made one more stand, and once more were scattered by Havelock, between whom and his harassed countrymen there now lay the city of