thoughts are arranged for each day in the year, making a sort of "daily food." Each is upon some passage of Scripture. There is great vivacity, as well as variety, and the thorough evangelical sentiments are spiced with wit and pointed sayings.

From Jest to Earnest. By Rev. E. P. ROE. New York: Dodd & Mead. When ten thousand copies of a book are sold in advance, there must be something in it. Mr. Roe's books are very popular, and deservedly so, for their earnest practical religious spirit, for the rational and true way in which religion is treated, and for their high aim. It is a good sign when such books displace a meretricious and sensational literature.

The Church, our Modern System of Commerce, and the Fulfilment of Prophecy, is a pamphlet by WILLIAM BROWN, the author of several tracts on Christian Economics, which contain one, truth, viz.: that the precious metals were "intended by nature to fulfil the functions of what we understand by the term money," and that "labor is the one essential principle that confers upon them their value," along with the fact, that they are objects, on their own account, of ardent human desire. As to the other principles urged by the author, that paper notes, promising, and immediately convertible into coin, are oppressive to industry, that it is wicked to receive interest for money, as also his lucubrations on prophecy, they hardly merit discussion.

Elsie's Womanhood. A Sequel to "Elsie's Girlhood." By MARTHA FINLEY (FARQUHARSON.) New York: Dodd & Mead.

Art. XI. THEOLOGICAL AND LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.

GERMANY.

THE first volume of A. Schone's critical edition of Eusebii Chronicorum Libri duo, is nearly ready for publication; the second volume was published in advance, in 1866, edited by Petermann, containing Jerome's Latin edition of the Chronological Canons, and a Latin translation of an Armenian version of the same. The first volume will contain all the other versions, and fragments from various sources, besides several ancient works, illustrating the Chronological Canons, derived from all the known sources, with collections of manuscripts, such as the Armenian and Latin Series Regum; a Syriac epitome from the British Museum; a Greek Chronography, first edited by Cardinal Mai; and an Excerptor Latinus Barbarus, so called by Scaliger, not reëdited since his times.

Leopold von Ranke is engaged in preparing for publication the memoirs of the well-known German minister, Von Hardenberg. These documents, which refer more especially to the events of 1805–1806, and the leading men who participated in them, were, on the death of the Count, deposited in the Prussian State archives, where they have hitherto remained, in accordance with the express injunctions of the King, Friedrich Wilhelm III., of Prussia, that they should not be made public till after an interval of more than half a century.

George Weber, author of the well-known "Universal History," has published a volume on the "History of the Reformation," containing essays on the Anabaptists, the Peasants' War, the reformation in popular literature, Charles V. and Protestantism. He had previously written on the "History of the Reformation in Great Britain," 1853, and incorporates parts of that work in the present volume.

Dr. Ernst Bernheim, on "Lothaire III. and the Concordat of Worms," gives a valuable account of the great struggle between the Church and the Empire on the subject of investitures, ending in the Concordat of Worms between Henry V. and Pope Calixtus, A.D., 1122. Dr. Bernheim shows how this treaty was understood and carried out by Lothaire III., successor of Henry V., and contributes to the understanding of this vital question. This Concordat, like many subsequent ones, was a compromise and an armistice. The same question, essentially, is now up between the German Empire and the Papacy.

Theologische Studien und Kritiken. Part I., 1876.—Some of the German theological reviews are published more punctually than ours; we received the above about the middle of November. The first article is a continuation and conclusion

of Prof. Köstlin's admirable essay on the "Proofs of the Being of God." Having previously disposed of the so-called ontological proof, whose validity he questions, he here takes up the cosmological, the teleological, the moral, and the other arguments. His analysis and statement of the cosmological proof is especially noteworthy. He puts the teleological in a right point of view against recent objections. The only notable deficiency in his whole discussion is in respect to his non-appreciation of the value and force of the ontological proof, as a necessary part of the whole argument. The combination of the ontological with the other arguments, gives the whole chain, or circle, of evidence. Neither the ontological, nor the teleological, is, by itself, sufficient. Each supplies what the other lacks. Such a thorough discussion as that of Köstlin ought to be made accessi

ble to the English-reading public. The other articles of the review are, Rotermund on Ephraim and Golgotha; Schum on a Quedlinburg Fragment of an Illuminated Itala, with a fac-simile; Rösch on King Phul; and reviews of Voigt's "Fundamental Dogmatics;" and Von der Goltz's "Fundamental Truths of Christianity "--both of the latter works illustrating the apologetic character which Christian theology is now taking on in Germany.

Jahrbücher f. deutsche Theologie, III., 1875.-1. Weizsäcker, Reminiscen ces of Dr. Christian Palmer-an affectionate and worthy tribute to the memory of a true Christian scholar. 2. Sieffert, the First Epistle of Peter on the Sufferings and Death of Christ in Relation to Salvation. 3. Wagenmann, Thoughts on the Prologue to John's Gospel. 4. Prince Louis Solms, Remarks on some Passages of the Gospel of John. 5. Sander, Historical Introduction to the Smalcald Articles. Among the notices, special attention is given to Prof Lorimer's recent work on John Knox and the Church of England, which has been too little appreciated in this country and England.

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Zeitschrift f. d. lutherische Theologie. Part I., 1876.-Dr. Klostermann defends Isaiah xl-lxvi, as a genuine work of the same prophet who wrote the first half of the prophecy. Fr. Delitzsch, in a "Biblical Study on Nothing,' contends, that in the Bible nothing is non-being, in contrast with God--who is the fulness of being; and that the Bible nowhere teaches that anything that is, can, or does become nothing. K. Kinzel's article on "The Biblical Doctrine of Elec tion, with a comparison of the views of Augustine, Luther, and Calvin," written from the Lutheran standpoint, contains a good selection of historical material. He shows that Luther held even the supralapsarian view of the doctrine of election. Zeitschrift f. die wissenschaftliche Theologie. Parts III., IV., 1875. Waldemar Sonntag, The Essence of Fanaticism. A. Hilgenfeld (the editor), on Ritschl's Representation of the Biblical Doctrine of Justification and Atonement, an able and thorough review, showing some of the defects in Ritschl's interpretation of the biblical view of the doctrine. A. Thoma, Justin's Literary Relation to Paul and to the Gospel of John-two articles of importance in reference to the controversy now going on in England on this subject, raised by the rash speculations of the work called 'Supernatural Religion; " Thoma allows that Justin knew the Gospel, though he does not name its author; and his theory is, that Justin considered it as belonging to "Christian Gnosis," and not to Christian history-a somewhat violent hypothesis. C. Siegfried, The Jewish Hellenism in its Historical Growth, with a criticism of the latest works upon it. A. Hilgenfeld, in a criticism of a work on the Epistle to the Philippians, by Hoekstra, a Dutch writer, defends the genuineness of the epistle, as he has before done. He also reviews "Supernatural Religion" with some sympathy, but takes the other to task for several of his heedless assumptions and theories. As reported in the Neue Evangelische Kirchenzeitung, the Director of Missions, Dr. Wangemann, in a pamphlet recently published, finds no less than twelve errors in the addresses and writings of Mr. Pearsall Smith, in Germany, England, etc., viz: the doctrine of the Higher Life has no basis in the Scriptures; the evangelical doctrine of Justification is dishonored by the position, that it only leads to a lower stage of the Christian life; his views of Sin, and of original Sin, are superficial; that one can live without sin, is self-deception; he leaves no place for repentance, daily sorrow for sin, in those who live in this higher life; the Scriptures do not promise constant joy to the believer; the church is not rightly appreciated as a means of grace and a divine kingdom; in insisting upon immediate

sanctification there is impatience with the ways of God; the ministry and sacra ments are undervalued or ignored; Smith's interpretations of the Bible are often fanciful and forced, etc. He calls it "a new Methodism, not of high-strung repentance, but of high-strung joy." The Kirchenzeitung adds, that Mr. Smith also virtually annuls the co-working of man in sanctification, makes him entirely passive; he lets "Christ do all and answer for all." "The Lord would not have us be agents, but instruments," says one of his followers. Some of these errors and loose expressions rest upon inconsistencies, but there is room for criticism as to the fundamental theory. Faith, doubtless, works in sanctification, but not in just the way it does in justification; in the latter it is once, and once for all. In respect to Perfection, Mr. Smith is undoubtedly inconsistent. He shows, through. out, the lack of theological training.

Historische Zeitschrift. Edited by Prof. Von Sybel. Parts I, II, and III, 1875. Part I contains an article by Carl Von Noorden, "On the More Recent History of Spain;" and a review, by Ludwig Geiger, of the latest works on Humanism. The publications noticed by the latter, are mainly contributions to the biography of the leaders of the humantic movement, Petrarch, for example, in Italy, and the brilliant circle of scholars at the court of Lorenzo the Magnificient; Sir Thomas More and John Colet, in England; Erasmus and Reuchlin, in Germany; and many lesser lights. In this number is also to be found the Report of the 15th Meeting of the Historical Commission of the Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Part II con. tains: " Henry IV. of France, and the Contest of Succession in Jülich," by Martin Philippson; "History of the Constitution of the United States of Colombia," by H. A. Schumacher; an article on "Thomas Aquinas," notices the recent publications of Baumann and Thömes; and " Pope Alexander VI. and his daughter, Lucrezia Borgi," by Moritz Brosch, reviewing Gregorovius' "Lucrezia Borgia, from Documents and Correspondence of her Own Time." Part III is exceptionally rich in articles embodying the results of original investigation. Reinhold Röhricht contributes "The Preparations in the Occident for the Third Great Crusade;" Dr. Sauerland writes the history of "Gregory XII., from his Election to the Treaty of Marseilles; " and F. H. Reusch corrects many of the errors of previous writers in an accouut of "The Trial of Galileo." This number has, also, a review of the latest publications of the Swiss Historical Societies, by Von Knonan. Von Holst, the author of "Verfassung und Demokratie in den Vereinigten Staaten," contributes to the liter ary notices rather a sharp review of the tenth volume of Bancroft's History of the United States. He accuses the historian of writing with a "Tendenz." The number closes with the report of the Central Direction of the Monumenta Germaniæ, in Berlin. Appended to Parts 1 and 3, will be found a catalogue of the historical publications of the year 1874 in Europe and America, a special reprint from Dr. Muldener's Bibliotheca Historica,

FRANCE.

The Revue des deux Mondes, Nov. 1. Containing an admirable article by M. E. Caro, of the French Academy, on the Ethics of Evolutionism, as found in the leading English writers of this school-Darwin, Herbert Spencer, and others. M. Caro is one of the chief representatives of the "spiritual school" of philosophy in France, and he subjects to a keen analysis the methods and principles of the ma terialising evolutionists, stating them fairly, and refuting them with precision. He shows how the doctrine of the development of force annuls all moral distinctions and all natural rights. The theory, as its advocates avow, would lead, under the law

of natural selection, to the propagation only of those of sound minds and bodies, and all others must be excluded from the marriage state. The whole end and aim will be the enjoyment of life. Legislation must be enforced against the marriage of "those feeble in mind and body, those who are poor and weak ;" the race is to be propagated on the principles of stock-breeding. What then becomes of sympathy, Christian love, human rights? The only right is might; the one law of progress is sexual and natural selection. "Who knows if, in such a society, Pascal, the feeble and suffering, could obtain the right of existence and of genius?" But the true principle of morality is love. "It seeks to elevate all, through and by their sufferings and evils." "And when it has succeeded it has done more and better than the science of evolution, which only follows and imitates nature. Love is like art-it does not imitate nature, it transforms it. As a sculptor takes a block of stone and imprints upon it the likeness of his thoughts, so charity takes suffering humanity, it chisels it—if I may so say, it transfigures it-by imprinting upon it a superior beauty," etc. M. Caro also argues the question in its bearings on the democracy of the future, and the result of its adoption upon political and social life.

M. Ganneau announces that the work of completing the famous Moabite Inscription about King Mesha is nearly completed, and that it will soon be published in full. A part of the "right angle,” he says, has been recovered, and gives the commencement of three lines, this being "almost the only part" which could be satisfactorily determined. "There are also two small fragments, the position of which is uncertain."

M. F. Lenormant's (the eminent historian) The Primitive Language of Chaldea and the Turanian Idioms, is said to be "an epoch-making work," settling the position of the Accadian language, viz. that spoken by the earliest inhabitants of Babylonia, and preserved in the cuneiform characters.

A'new periodical, The Philosophical Review, is announced by Messrs. Baillière, edited by M. Ribot (author of the work on Heredity, translated, and published both in England and this country), with the aid of Caro, Janet, Wundt, Bain, Herbert Spencer, and others. This list of contributors seems to indicate that the new Review will be eclectic, so far as its contributors go.

Seven hundred and fifty-four journals are published in Paris, thus classified: Theological, 53; jurisprudence, 63; geography and history, 10; entertaining reading, 56; public instruction and education, 25; literature, philosophy, linguistic, ethnography, and bibliography, 53; painting, II; photography, 2; architecture, 8; archæology, 5; music, 17; the stage, 7; fashions, 61; industrial, 78; medicine, etc., 69; science, 47; military and naval art, 23; agriculture, 18; various subjects, 12. The number of political dailies is 37, and that of political reviews,

II.

ENGLAND.

The British and Foreign Evangelical Review, October. 1. Servum Arbitrium, by Rev. Prof. James Macgregor, D.D. 2. The Epistle to the Hebrews, by Rev. Thomas Burditt. 3. On the Relation of God to the World, by Rev. James Iverach. 4. The Course of the Church in Prussia during the Present Century, by Rev. Daniel Edward, Breslau. 5. Jephthah's Vow, by Rev. Geo. Patterson, Canada. 6. D'Aubigné on the Reformation in Scotland, by Rev. Prof. Mitchell, D.D., of St. Andrews University-a very competent critic. Dr. Macgregor holds