Works of Jeremy Bentham, Том 3,Частина 1W. Tait, 1839 |
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act of parliament Adam Smith advantage amount annuity notes annuity-note applied Bank of England branch burthen capital cause cent Champerty circulation civil code defalcation degree division effect employed enjoyment evil exchequer bills existence expense favour foreign give given greater hands imperfection income increase indirect tax individual instance issue JEREMY BENTHAM judge labour language lative legislator less loss maleficent mass matter of wealth means ment mind mischief nature necessary neral object obligation occasion offences Offences affecting operation pain paper particular party penal penal law persons political possession present principle produced profit prohibition proportion proposed punishment purchase purpose quantity question racter rate of interest received reduced regard render respect shape sort species spect stock annuities subsistence supposed taken things tion trade usury whole words
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Сторінка 26 - The statesman, who should attempt to direct private people in what manner they ought to employ their capitals, would not only load himself with a most unnecessary attention, but assume an authority which could safely be trusted, not only to no single person, but to no council or senate whatever, and which would nowhere be so dangerous as in the hands of a man who had folly and presumption enough to fancy himself...
Сторінка 24 - It is the highest impertinence and presumption, therefore, in kings and ministers, to pretend to watch over the economy of private people, and to restrain their expense, either by sumptuary laws, or by prohibiting the importation of foreign luxuries.
Сторінка 21 - Where the legal rate of interest, on the contrary, is fixed but a very little above the lowest market rate, sober people are universally preferred, as borrowers, to prodigals and projectors. The person who lends money gets nearly as much interest from the former as he dares to take from the latter, and his money is much safer in the hands of the one set of people, than in those of the other. A great part of the capital of the country is thus thrown into the hands in which it is most likely to be...
Сторінка 23 - These profits sometimes are very great, and sometimes, more frequently, perhaps, they are quite otherwise ; but in general they bear no regular proportion to those of other old trades in the neighbourhood. If the project succeeds, they are commonly at first very high. When the trade or practice becomes thoroughly established and well known, the competition reduces them to the level of other trades.
Сторінка 283 - Intense, long, certain, speedy, fruitful, pure — Such marks in pleasures and in pains endure. Such pleasures seek, if private be thy end: If it be public, wide let them extend. Such pains avoid, whichever be thy view: If pains must come, let them extend to few.
Сторінка 25 - What is the species of domestic industry which his capital can employ, and of which the product is likely to be of the greatest value, every individual, it is evident, can, in his local situation, judge much better than any statesman or lawgiver can do for him.
Сторінка 12 - No law can reduce the common rate of interest below the lowest ordinary market rate at the time when that law is made. Notwithstanding the edict of 1766, by which the French king attempted to reduce the rate of interest from five to four per cent, money continued to be lent in France at five per cent, the law being evaded in several different ways.
Сторінка 21 - ... prodigals and projectors, who alone would be willing to give the high interest. Sober people, who will give for the use of money no more than a part of what they are likely to make by the use of it, would not venture into the competition.
Сторінка 17 - The children who have eaten their cake, are the natural enemies of the children who have theirs. While the money is hoped for, and for a short time after it has been received, he who lends it is a friend and benefactor: by the time the money is spent, and the evil hour of reckoning is come, the benefactor is found to have changed his nature, and to have put on the tyrant and the oppressor. It is an oppression for a man to reclaim his own money: it is none to keep it from him.
Сторінка 26 - To give the monopoly of the home market to the produce of domestic industry, in any particular art or manufacture, is in some measure to direct private people in what manner they ought to employ their capitals, and must, in almost all cases, be either a useless or a hurtful regulation. If the produce of domestic can be brought there as cheap as that of foreign industry, the regulation is evidently useless. If it cannot, it must generally be hurtful. It is the maxim of every prudent master of a. family,...