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VII.

THE BEST HOPE FOR THE FUTURE. 243

is the result of merely external causes, or of blind force, or of occult destiny. There is an inner necessity determining the course of national events. That necessity issues from national character. And national character is really the outcome of the characters of the men and women composing the nation. The primary source therefore of every real reform, of all authentic advance in a people must be something which acts directly and powerfully on the individual: something which determines him from within, not from without: something moral, not mechanical: something

psychical, not physical. It is in the supersensuous, the transcendental, the spiritual that the deep foundations of character, individual and national, are laid. The best hope for the future of our country seems to me to lie in men who have grasped the ethical significance of the facts of life: yes, and of the fact of death too.

"There is no danger to a man that knows
What life and death is: there's not any law
Exceeds his knowledge: neither is it lawful
That he should stoop to any other law :

He goes

before them and commands them all, That to himself is a law rational."

INDEX.

Abstract ideas and principles.
Adulteration, the art of

as "a form of competition"
how it should be punished

Advertisement, the art of

"Agreeable feeling," not the fount of morality

"Almighty Dollar," The

Animals, the lower, are not mere things.

Aquinas, St. Thomas, on the subjection of woman

on the right of private property

Aristotle, on man's special characteristic.

on diversity in an organism

his view of virtue

Army, the British, and the law of Supply and

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Bacon, Lord, on conquests over nature

Bagehot, on the advantage of representative insti-

tutions.

Beaconsfield, the Earl of, his "fancy franchises"

the two nations of his Sybil .

Bentham, on the degradation of animals
Berryer, on claptrap

Board Schools, religious teaching in

"Bosses," in the United States

Bright, Mr., on adulteration

Browning, Robert, on progress

PAGE

200-1

210-11

238

238

210

137

95, 137

166

169

222

86

104

129

239

55

34

56

57

72

85

208

166

1

145-6

95

238

3

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Canonists, the, doctrine of, concerning extreme
necessity and the right of private property.

222

Capitalist, the, his functions

192

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Chasles, on the need for an educated people in an

age of freedom of the press

Chastity, breach of, more heinous in a woman than

126

in a man

176-8

Chamberlain, Mr., on the misery of the very poor

208

Character, national, what it is

Christianity, its morality, in what sense new
not coextensive with moral civilization
the most precious elements of our ethical life
derived from or bound up with

243

37

38

39

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Civilizations, vanished, their history and lesson

Clarke, Dr., on Sex in Education

167

26

.

30

31-34

181

Classes, the manufacturing

28

66

INDEX.

Classes," the, their function in the social organ-

Comfort, not the summum bonum

ism

Communism, what it is

Mr. Mill on

Competition, free and unrestricted, the funda-

mental principle of the Smithian political

247

PAGE

107

30

212, 214

213

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parity of condition.

Contract, freedom of, possible only when there is

the idea of, rests on duty

where rightly controlled by the State
Co-operation, the truest antidote to Socialism
Copernicus, his influence on religious belief
Cosmos, Rothe's explanation of the word.

Demagogue, the, his arts -
Democracy, a vague term.

194-232

219

232

234

12

56

97, 114

108

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Divorce Court, the, a flagrant wrong on woman

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