An Introduction to the Study of MetallurgyC. Griffin and Company, 1894 - 379 стор. |
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Сторінка 6
... atoms in chemical systems the laws which govern the fusion and vaporisation of masses of matter , and this has produced a revolution comparable in its importance to that which followed the discovery of the law of definite proportions ...
... atoms in chemical systems the laws which govern the fusion and vaporisation of masses of matter , and this has produced a revolution comparable in its importance to that which followed the discovery of the law of definite proportions ...
Сторінка 13
... atoms when they are volatilised , and most of them unite readily with chlorine and with oxygen . * It is probable that in many pure metals , such as gold , silver , copper and iron , the indi- vidual molecules are of simple atomic ...
... atoms when they are volatilised , and most of them unite readily with chlorine and with oxygen . * It is probable that in many pure metals , such as gold , silver , copper and iron , the indi- vidual molecules are of simple atomic ...
Сторінка 14
... atomic volume of the added element . Density . The density of a metal is dependent on the intimacy of the contact between the molecules . It is dependent , there- fore , on the crystalline structure , and is influenced by the tem ...
... atomic volume of the added element . Density . The density of a metal is dependent on the intimacy of the contact between the molecules . It is dependent , there- fore , on the crystalline structure , and is influenced by the tem ...
Сторінка 17
... atomic weight . Metals that possess high limits of elasticity are usually very hard . The softness increases with an increase of temperature . Mr. T. Turner , * of the Mason College , Birmingham , a former pupil of the author , has also ...
... atomic weight . Metals that possess high limits of elasticity are usually very hard . The softness increases with an increase of temperature . Mr. T. Turner , * of the Mason College , Birmingham , a former pupil of the author , has also ...
Сторінка 19
... atoms within the molecules of the metal . This will be shown in a subsequent chapter to mark the passage of iron into an allotropic state . In support of this view , it may be mentioned See also Gautier , " Discussion on Testing Machine ...
... atoms within the molecules of the metal . This will be shown in a subsequent chapter to mark the passage of iron into an allotropic state . In support of this view , it may be mentioned See also Gautier , " Discussion on Testing Machine ...
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Abstrich acid allotropic alloys aluminium amount annealing antimony arsenic atomic volume bismuth blast blast-furnace calcination calorific power carbonic anhydride carbonic oxide cent charcoal charge chemical chloride chromium coal coke combustion compression constituents containing cooling copper crucible crystalline cupellation curve effect electrical resistance elements employed experiments feet flues fluid fuel furnace fusion gases gold hardening hearth heat high temperatures hydrogen importance impure increased Iron and Steel Journ lead lignite lime liquation litharge manganese mass material melting point mercury metallurgical metals method molecular change molecules molten nickel obtained operation ordinary oven oxidised oxygen plate platinum precipitated present pressure Proc produced properties proportion pyrites pyrometer regulus residues reverberatory reverberatory furnace roasted shown silica silicon silver Sir Lowthian Bell slag small quantity smelting solid solidified solution Steel Inst sulphate sulphide sulphur tensile strength thermo-junction tion tons varies weight whilst zinc
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Сторінка ii - Binds it, and makes all error : and to KNOW Rather consists in opening out a way Whence the imprisoned splendour may escape, Than in effecting entry for a light Supposed to be without.
Сторінка 352 - We have seen that this great Labor question cannot be solved except by assuming as a principle that private ownership must be held sacred and inviolable.
Сторінка 359 - But there is no more complete fallacy than this. What people call applied science is nothing but the application of pure science to particular classes of problems. It consists of deductions from those general principles, established by reasoning and observation, which constitute pure science. No one can safely make these deductions until he has a firm grasp of the principles ; and he can obtain that grasp only by personal experience of the operations of observation and of reasoning on which they...
Сторінка 129 - F.) is almost a viscous fluid," and he considers that glass-hard steel is constantly being spontaneously " tempered " at the ordinary temperature, which, he says, " acting on freshly quenched [that is, hardened] steel for a period of years, produces a diminution of hardness about equal to that of 100° C. (212° F.), acting for a period of hours.
Сторінка 352 - Speaking summarily, we may lay it down as a general and perpetual law, that Workmen's Associations should be so organized and governed as to furnish the best and most suitable means for attaining what is aimed at, that is to say, for helping each individual member to better his condition to the utmost in body, mind, and property.
Сторінка 89 - When this alloy is heated in vacuo to a temperature of 400° C., a slight explosion takes place, but no gas is evolved, and the alloy is then insoluble in aqua regia, which dissolved it readily before the elevation of temperature caused it to change its state. We are thus presented (as the experiment shown to the audience proved...
Сторінка 87 - Graham's palladium ; and allotropic nickel. It was further shown that metals could be obtained in chemically active states under the following conditions : — Joule proved that when iron is released from its amalgam by distilling away the mercury the metallic iron takes fire on exposure to air, and is therefore clearly different from ordinary iron, and is, in fact, an allotropic form of iron.
Сторінка 5 - ... anhydride, resulting from the decomposition of this copper sulphate, converts the silver into sulphate, and maintains it as such, just as, in turn, at a lower temperature, the copper itself had been maintained in the form of sulphate by the sulphuric anhydride eliminated from the iron sulphide. When only a little of the copper sulphate remains undecomposed, the silver sulphate begins to split up, and the furnace charge...
Сторінка 40 - ... and is now undergoing an investigation by Dr. Andrews, which may be expected to throw much light upon its nature ; (2.) the colloidal condition or constitution, which intervenes between the liquid and crystalline states, extending into both, and affecting probably all kinds of solid and liquid matter in a greater or less degree.