You mention violate it. their solidity and cogency were such that they summer-time, whether to my friends, or to the were sure to prevail. public. It is secure from all noise, and a refuge I formerly knew the from all intrusion; for intruders sometimes trouble man you mention, but his elder brother much bet- me in the winter evenings at Olney. But (thanks ter. We were schoolfellows, and he was one of a to my Boudoir !) I can now hide myself from them. club of seven Westminster men, to which I be- A poet's retreat is sacred. They acknowledge the longed, who dined together every Thursday. Should truth of that proposition, and never presume to it please God to give me ability to perform the poet's part to some purpose, many whom I once The last sentence puts me in mind to tell you called friends, but who have since treated me with that I have ordered my volume to your door. My a most magnificent indifference, will be ready to bookseller is the most dilatory of all his fraternity, take me by the hand again, and some, whom I or you would have received it long since. It is never held in that estimation, will, like (who more than a month since I returned him the last was but a boy when I left London) boast of a con- proof, and consequently since the printing was nexion with me which they never had. Had I the finished. I sent him the manuscript at the bevirtues, and graces, and accomplishments of St. ginning of last November, that he might publish Paul himself, I might have them at Olney, and while the town was full, and he will hit the exact nobody would care a button about me, yourself moment when it is entirely empty. Patience (you and one or two more excepted. Fame begets will perceive) is in no situation exempted from the favour, and one talent, if it be rubbed a little bright severest trials; a remark that may serve to comfort by use and practice, will procure a man more you under the numberless trials of your own.* friends than a thousand virtues. Dr. Johnson (I) believe) in the life of one of our poets, says, that he retired from the world flattering himself that he should be regretted. But the world never missed him. I think his observation upon it is, that the vacancy made by the retreat of any individual is soon filled up; that a man may always be obscure, if he chooses to be so; and that he, who neglects the world, will be by the world neglected. Your mother and I walked yesterday in the wilderness. As we entered the gate, a glimpse of something white, contained in a little hole in the gate-post, caught my eye. I looked again, and discovered a bird's nest, with two tiny eggs in it. By and by they will be fledged, and tailed, and get wing-feathers, and fly. My case is somewhat similar to that of the parent bird. My nest is a little nook. Here I brood and hatch, and in due time my progeny takes wing and whistles. We wait for the time of your coming with pleasant expectation. Yours truly, W. C. TO JOSEPH HILL, ESQ. MY DEAR FRIEND, June 25, 1785. W. C. TO THE REV. WILLIAM UNWIN. MY DEAR WILLIAM, July 27, 1785. You and your party left me in a frame of mind that indisposed me much to company. I comforted myself with the hope that I should spend a silent day, in which I should find abundant leisure to indulge sensations which, though of the melancholy kind, I yet wished to nourish. But that hope proved vain. In less than an hour after your departure, Mr. made his appearance at the green-house door. We were obliged to ask him to dinner, and he dined with us. He is an agreeable, sensible, well-bred young man, but with all his recommendations, I felt that on that occasion I could have spared him. So much better are the absent, whom we love much, than the present whom we love a little. I have however made myself amends since, and nothing else having interfered, have sent many a thought after you. You had been gone two days when a violent I WRITE in a nook that I call my Boudoir. It thunder-storm came over us. I was passing out is a summer-house not much bigger than a sedan of the parlour into the hall, with Mungo at my chair, the door of which opens into the garden, heels, when a flash seemed to fill the room with that is now crowded with pinks, roses, and honey-fire. In the same instant came the clap, so that suckles, and the window into my neighbour's or- the explosion was (I suppose) perpendicular to chard. It formerly served an apothecary, now the roof. Mungo's courage upon the tremendous dead, as a smoking-room; and under my feet is a occasion constrained me to smile, in spite of the trap-door, which once covered a hole in the ground solemn impression that such an event never fails where he kept his bottles. At present however it to affect me with-the moment that he heard the ⚫ is dedicated to sublimer uses. Having lined it thunder (which was like the burst of a great gun), with garden mats, and furnished it with a table and two chairs, here I write all that I write in the In this interval The Task was published. with a wrinkled forehead, and with eyes directed fills my soul with ineffable love and joy. Will a cause a dream is merely a picture drawn upon Yours ever, W. C. TO THE REV. WILLIAM UNWIN. MY DEAR FRIEND, August 27, 1785. to the ceiling, whence the sound seemed to pro- man tell me that I am deceived, that I ought not ceed, he barked; but he barked exactly in concert to love or rejoice in him for such a reason, bewith the thunder. It thundered once, and he barked once; and so precisely the very instant when the thunder happened, that both sounds seemed to begin and to end together. Some dogs will clap their tails close, and sneak into a corner, at such a time, but Mungo it seems is of a more all! It is your mother's heart's wish and mine. fearless family. A house at no great distance from ours was the mark to which the lightning was directed; it knocked down the chimney, split the building, and carried away the corner of the next house, in which lay a fellow drunk, and asleep upon his bed-it roused and terrified him, I was low in spirits yesterday, when your parand he promises to get drunk no more; but I have cel came and raised them. Every proof of attenscen a woful end of many such conversions. Ition and regard to a man who lives in a vinegar remember but one such storm at Olney since I bottle is welcome from his friends on the outside have known the place; and I am glad that it did of it-accordingly your books were welcome (you not happen two days sooner for the sake of the must not forget by the way that I want the oriladies, who would probably, one of them at least, |ginal, of which you have sent me the translation have been alarmned by it. I have received, since only) and the ruffles from Miss Shuttleworth you went, two very flattering letters of thanks, one from Mr. Bacon, and one from Mr. Barham, such as might make a lean poet plump, and an humble poet proud. But being myself neither lean nor humble, I know of no other effect they had, than that they pleased me; and I communicate the intelligence to you, not without an assured hope that you will be pleased also. We are now going to walk, and thus far I have written before I have received your letter. Friday. I must now be as compact as possible. When I You are entitled to my thanks also for the fabegan, I designed four sides, but my packet being cctious engravings of John Gilpin. A serious transformed into two single epistles, I can conse- poem is like a swan, it flies heavily, and never far, quently afford you but three. I have filled a large but a jest has the wings of a swallow, that never sheet with animadversions upon Pope. I am tire, and that carry it into every nook and corproceeding in my translation-" Velis et remis, ner. I am perfectly a stranger however to the omnibus nervis”—as Hudibras has it; and if God reception that my volume meets with, and I begive me health and ability, will put it into your lieve in respect of my nonchalance upon that subhands when I see you next. Mr. -h has just ject, if authors would but copy so fair an examleft us. He has read my book, and, as if fearful ple, am a most exemplary character. I must tell that I had overlooked some of them myself, has you nevertheless, that although the laurels that I pointed out to me all its beauties. I do assure gain at Olney will never minister much to my you the man has a very acute discernment, and a pride, I have acquired some. The Rev. Mr. taste that I have no fault to find with. I hope S- is my admirer, and thinks my second that you are of the same opinion. most welcome. I am covetous, if ever man was, of living in the remembrance of absentees whom I highly value and esteem, and consequently felt myself much gratified by her very obliging present. I have had more comfort, far more comfort, in the connexions that I have formed within the last twenty years, than in the more numerous ones that I had before. Memorandum-The latter are almost all Unwins or Unwinisms. volume superior to my first. It ought to be so. Be not sorry that your love of Christ was ex- If we do not improve by practice, then nothing cited in you by a picture. Could a dog or cat can mend us; and a man has no more cause to be suggest to me the thought, that Christ is precious, mortified at being told that he has excelled himI would not despise that thought because a dog or self, than the elephant had, whose praise it was, cat suggested it. The meanness of the instru- that he was the greatest elephant in the world, ment can not debase the nobleness of the princi- himself excepted. If it be fair to judge of a book ple. He that kneels before a picture of Christ, is by an extract, I do not wonder that you were so an idolater. But he in whose heart the sight of a little edified by Johnson's Journal. It is even picture kindles a warm remembrance of the Sa- more ridiculous than was poor -'s of flatuviour's sufferings, must be a Christian. Suppose lent memory: The portion of it given to us in that I dream as Gardiner did, that Christ walks this day's paper contains not one sentiment worth before me, that he turns and smiles upon me, and one farthing; except the last, in which he re solves to bind himself with no more unbidden | give more than you gave me this morning. When obligations. Poor man! one would think, that I came down to breakfast, and found upon the to pray for his dead wife, and to pinch himself table a letter franked by my uncle, and when with church fasts, had been almost the whole of opening that frank I found that it contained a lethis religion. I am sorry that he, who was so ter from you, I said within myself' This is just manly an advocate for the cause of virtue in all as it should be. We are all grown young again, other places, was so childishly employed, and so and the days that I thought I should see no more, superstitiously too, in his closet. Had he studied are actually returned.' You perceive therefore his Bible more, to which by his own confession that you judged well when you conjectured that a he was in great part a stranger, he had known line from you would not be disagreeable to me. It better what use to make of his retired hours, and could not be otherwise than as in fact it proved, a had trifled less. His lucubrations of this sort most agreeable surprise, for I can truly boast of an have rather the appearance of religious dotage, affection for you, that neither years, nor interruptthan of any vigorous exertions towards God. It ed intercourse, have at all abated. I need only will be well if the publication prove not hurtful recollect how much I valued you once, and with in its effects, by exposing the best cause, already how much cause, immediately to feel a revival too much despised, to ridicule still more profane. of the same value: if that can be said to revive, On the other side of the same paper I find a long which at the most has only been dormant for string of aphorisms, and maxims, and rules for the want of employment. But I slander it when I say conduct of life, which, though they appear not with that it has slept. A thousand times have I rehis name, are so much in his manner, with the collected a thousand scenes, in which our two above-mentioned, that I suspect them for his. I selves have formed the whole of the drama, with have not read them all, but several of them I read the greatest pleasure; at times too, when I had no that were trivial enough: for the sake of one how- reason to suppose that I should ever hear from you ever I give him the rest-he advises never to ban- again. I have laughed with you at the Arabian ish hope entirely, because it is the cordial of life, Nights' Entertainments, which afforded us, as you although it be the greatest flatterer in the world. well know, a fund of merriment that deserves never Such a measure of hope as may not endanger my to be forgot. I have walked with you to Netley peace by disappointment I would wish to cherish Abbey, and have scrambled with you over hedges upon every subject, in which I am interested. in every direction, and many other feats we have But there lies the difficulty. A cure however, performed together, upon the field of my rememand the only one, for all the irregularities both of hope and fear, is found in submission to the will of God. Happy they that have it! in brance, and all within these few years. Should I say within this twelvemonth, I should not transgress the truth. The hours that I have spent This last sentence puts me in mind of your re- with you were among the pleasantest of my former ference to Blair in a former letter, whom you there days, and are therefore chronicled in my mind so permitted to be your arbiter to adjust the respective deeply as to feel no erasure. Neither do I forget claims of who or that. I do not rashly differ from my poor friend Sir Thomas. I should remember so great a grammarian, nor do at any rate differ him indeed, at any rate, on account of his personal from him altogether-upon solemn occasions, as kindness to myself; but the last testimony that he prayer or preaching for instance, I would be gave of his regard for you endears him to me still strictly correct, and upon stately ones, for instance more. With his uncommon understanding (for were I writing an epic poem, I would be so like- with many peculiarities he had more sense than wise, but not upon familiar occasions. God who any of his acquaintance,) and with his generous heareth prayer, is right. Hector who saw Patro- sensibilities, it was hardly possible that he should clus, is right. And the man that dresses me every not distinguish you as he has done. As it was day, is in my mind right also;-because the con- the last, so it was the best proof that he could give, trary would give an air of stiffness and pedantry to of a judgment that never deceived him, when he an expression, that in respect of the matter of it would allow himself leisure to consult it. can not be too negligently made up. Adieu, my dear William! I have scribbled with all my might, which, breakfast-time excepted, has been my employment ever since I rose, and it is now past one. Yours, W. C. TO LADY HESKETH. MY DEAR COUSIN, You say that you have often heard of me; that puzzles me. I can not imagine from what quarter, but it is no matter. I must tell you however, my cousin, that your information has been a little defective. That I am happy in my situation is true; I live, and have lived these twenty years, with Mrs. Unwin, to whose affectionate care of me, during the far greater part of that time, it is under Providence owing that I live at all. But I do not account myself happy in having been for thirteen of those years in a state of mind, that has made all between both, my morning and evening are for the that care and attention necessary; an attention most part completely engaged. Add to this, that and a care that have injured her health, and which, though my spirits are seldom so bad but I can had she not been uncommonly supported, must write verse, they are often at so low an ebb as to have brought her to the grave. But I will pass to make the production of a letter impossible. So another subject; it would be cruel to particularize much for a trespass which called for some apology, only to give pain, neither would I by any means but for which to apologize further, would be to give a sable hue to the first letter of a correspond- commit a greater trespass still. ence so unexpectedly renewed. I am now in the twentieth book of Homer, and I am delighted with what you tell me of my shall assuredly proceed, because the farther I go uncle's good health. To enjoy any measure of the more I find myself justified in the undertaking: cheerfulness at so late a day is much. But to have and in due time, if I live, shall assuredly publish. that late day enlivened with the vivacity of youth, In the whole I shall have composed about forty is much more, and in these postdiluvian times a thousand verses, about which forty thousand verses rarity indeed. Happy for the most part are pa- I shall have taken great pains, on no occasion sufrents who have daughters. Daughters are not apt fering a slovenly line to escape me. I leave you to outlive their natural affections, which a son has to guess therefore whether, such a labour once generally survived even before his boyish years achieved, I shall not determine to turn it to some are expired. I rejoice particularly in my uncle's account, and to gain myself profit if I can, if not, felicity, who has three female descendants from at least some credit, for my reward. his little person, who leave him nothing to wish for upon that head. I perfectly approve of your course with John. The most entertaining books are best to begin My dear cousin, dejection of spirits, which (I with, and none in the world, so far as entertainsuppose) may have prevented many a man from ment is concerned, deserves the preference to Hobecoming an author, made me one. I find con- mer. Neither do I know, that there is any where stant employment necessary, and therefore take to be found Greek of easier construction. Poetical care to be constantly employed. Manual occupa- Greek I mean; and as for prose, I should recomtions do not engage the mind sufficiently, as I mend Xenophon's Cyropædia. That also is a know by experience, having tried many. But most amusing narrative, and ten times easier to composition, especially of verse, absorbs it wholly understand than the crabbed epigrams and scribI write therefore generally three hours in a morn-blements of the minor poets, that are generally put ing, and in an evening I transcribe. I read also, but less than I write, for I must have bodily exercise, and therefore never pass a day without it. You ask me where I have been this summer. answer, at Olney. Should you ask me where spent the last seventeen summers, I should still answer at Olney. Ay, and the winters also; I have seldom left it, and except when I attended my brother in his last illness, never I believe a fortnight together. Adieu, my beloved cousin, I shall not always be thus nimble in reply, but shall always have great pleasure in answering you when I can. Yours, my friend and cousin, W. C. into the hands of boys. I took particular notice of the neatness of John's Greek character, which (let me tell you) deserves its share of commendaItion; for to write the language legibly is not the I lot of every man who can read it. Witness myself for one. I like the little ode of Huntingford's that you sent me. In such matters we do not expect much novelty, or much depth of thought. The expres sion is all in all, which to me at least appears to be faultless. Adieu, my dear William! We are well, and you and yours are ever the objects of our affection. W. C. TO THE REV. WILLIAM UNWIN. Oct. 22, 1785. TO LADY HESKETH. MY DEAREST COUSIN, Olney, Nov. 9, 1785. MY DEAR WILLIAM, You might well suppose that your letter had WHOSE last most affectionate letter has run in miscarried, though in fact it was duly received. 1 my head ever since I received it, and which I now am not often so long in arrear, and you may assure sit down to answer two days sooner than the post yourself that when at any time it happens that I will serve me; I thank you for it, and with a am so, neither neglect nor idleness is the cause. I warmth for which I am sure you will give me crehave, as you well know, a daily occupation, forty dit, though I do not spend many words in describlines to translate, a task which I never excuse my-ing it. I do not seek new friends, not being altoself when it is possible to perform it. Equally gether sure that I should find them, but have unsedulous I am in the matter of transcribing, so that speakable pleasure in being still beloved by an old one. I hope that now our correspondence has suf- that I spent in lodgings at Huntingdon, in which fered its last interruption; and that we shall go down together to the grave, chatting and chirping as merrily as such a scene of things as this will permit. time, by the help of good management, and a clear notion of economical matters, I contrived to spend the income of a twelvemonth. Now, my beloved cousin, you are in possession of the whole case as it stands. Strain no points to your own inconvenience or hurt, for there is no need of it, but indulge yourself in communicating (no matter what) that you can spare without missing it, since by so doing you will be sure to add to the comforts of my life one of the sweetest that I can enjoy--a token and proof of your affection. In the affair of my next publication, toward which you also offer me so kindly your assistance, there will be no need that you should help me in the manner that you propose. It will be a large work, consisting, I should imagine, of six volumes at least. The twelfth of this month I shall have spent a year upon it, and it will cost me more than another. I do not love the booksellers well enough I am happy that my poems have pleased you. My volume has afforded me no such pleasure at any time, either while I was writing it, or since its publication, as I have derived from yours and my uncle's opinion of it. I make certain allowances for partiality, and for that peculiar quickness of taste, with which you both relish what you like, and after all drawbacks, upon those accounts duly made, find myself rich in the measure of your approbation that still remains. But upon all I honour John Gilpin, since it was he who first encouraged you to write. I made him on purpose to laugh at, and he served his purpose well; but I am now in debt to him for a more valuable acquisition than all the laughter in the world amounts to, the recovery of my intercourse with you, which is to to make them a present of such a labour, but inme inestimable. My benevolent and generous tend to publish by subscription. Your vote and cousin, when I was once asked if I wanted any interest, my dear cousin, upon the occasion, if you thing, and given delicately enough to understand please, but nothing more! I will trouble you with that the inquirer was ready to supply all my occa- some papers of proposals, when the time shall sions, I thankfully and civilly, but positively, de- come, and am sure that you will circulate as many clined the favour. I neither suffer, nor have suf- for me as you can. Now, my dear, I am going to fered any such inconveniences as I had not much tell you a secret. It is a great secret, that you rather endure, than come under obligations of that must not whisper even to your cat. No creature sort to a person comparatively with yourself a is at this moment apprised of it but Mrs Unwin stranger to me. But to you I answer otherwise. and her son. I am making a new translation of I know you thoroughly, and the liberality of your Homer, and am on the point of finishing the disposition; and have that consummate confidence twenty-first book of the Iliad. The reasons upin the sincerity of your wish to serve me, that de-on which I undertake this Herculean labour, and livers me from all awkward constraint, and from by which I justify an enterprise in which I seem all fear of trespassing by acceptance. To you, so effectually anticipated by Pope, although in fact therefore, I reply, yes. Whensoever and whatso- he has not anticipated me at all, I may possibly ever, and in what manner soever you please; and give you, if you wish for them, when I can find add moreover, that my affection for the giver is nothing more interesting to say. A period which such, as will increase to me tenfold the satisfaction I do not conceive to be very near! I have not anthat I shall have in receiving. It is necessary, swered many things in your letter, nor can I do it however, that I should let you a little into the state at present for want of room. I can not believe but of my finances, that you may not suppose them that I should know you, notwithstanding all that more narrowly circumscribed than they are. Since time may have done. There is not a feature of Mrs. Unwin and I have lived at Olney, we have your face, could I meet it upon the road by itself, had but one purse, although during the whole of that I should not instantly recollect. I should say, that time, till lately, her income was nearly double that is my cousin's nose, or those are her lips and mine. Her revenues indeed are now in some mea- her chin, and no woman upon earth can claim them sure reduced, and do not much exceed my own; but herself. As for me, I am a very smart youth the worst consequence of this is, that we are forc- of my years. I am not indeed grown gray so ed to deny ourselves some things which hitherto much as I am grown bald. No matter. There we have been better able to afford, but they are was more hair in the world than ever had the ho such things as neither life, nor the well-being of nour to belong to me. Accordingly having found life depend upon. My own income has been bet- just enough to curl a little at my ears, and to inter than it is, but when it was best, it would not termix with a little of my own that still hangs behave enabled me to live as my connexions demand- hind, I appear, if you see me in the afternoon, to ed that I should, had it not been combined with a have a very decent head-dress, not easily distinbetter than itself, at least at this end of the king-guished from my natural growth; which being Jom. Of this I had full proof during three months worn with a small bag, and a black riband abou |