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EXHIBIT OF ACTUAL COST AND CONSTRUCTION OF U. S. GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS.

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Chicago, Ill. Custom-house.

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Cincinnati, O. Custom-house and Post-office..
Cleveland, O. Custom-house, etc., extension.
Evansville, Ind. Custom-house, etc..

Fall River, Mass. Custom house and Post-office
Grand Rapids, Mich. Court-house and Post-office.
Hartford, Conn. Custom-house and Post-office....
Kansas City, Mo. Custom-house and Post-office..
Lincoln, Neb. Custom-house and Post-office.
Little Rock, Ark. Custom-house, Post-office, etc..
Nashville, Tenn. Custom-house, etc....
Parkersburg, W.Va. Custom-house, Post-office, etc.
Philadelphia, Pa. Cu-tom-house and Post-office
Raleigh, N. C. Court-house and Post-office.
San Francisco, Cal. Appraisers' Stores...
St. Louis, Mo. Custom-house, etc......
Topeka, Kan. Custom-house and Post-office...
Trenton, N. J. Custom-house and Post-office.
Washington. Eng. and Printing Bureau.

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Buena Vista sandstone, rubbed and moulded.

Basement, red granite; superstr., gray granite, cut and moulded.
Sandstone, rubbed and moulded.

Limestone, moulded trims., rock-face ashlar and granite columns.
Gray and red granite, rock-face ashlar and cut trimmings.
Pressed brick and cut-stone cornices and trimmings.

Granite, cut ashlar and moulded courses.

Warrensburgh sandstone, rubbed and moulded courses.
Sandstone, rock-face ashlar, rubbed quoins and trimmings.
Sandstone, rubbed and moulded courses.

Limestone, rock-face ashlar and rubbed and moulded trimmings.
Pressed brick, limestone cornices and trimmings.

Granite, cut and moulded courses.

Brick and stone cornices and trimmings.

Basement, red granite; superstr., gray granite, cut and moulded.
Limestone, rubbed and moulded courses.

Amherst sandstone, rubbed and moulded courses.

Eng. and Prtg. Bureau. Pressed brick, stone and terra-cotta trims.

COST OF BUILDINGS PER SQUARE FOOT.

One-story buildings of large area, such as exposition buildings, etc., may be estimated almost as accurately by the square foot as by the cubic foot, as there are no interior partitions, etc.

The cost of the World's Fair buildings per square foot of ground covered, including sculpture and decoration, as given by E. C. Shankland, chief engineer, was as follows:

Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building

Transportation Building...

Electricity Building

$1.39

1.08

1.69

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CHARGES AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE OF ARCHITECTS.

[As endorsed by the American Institute of Architects at its Annual
Convention in 1884.]

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

For full professional services (including supervision), five per cent. upon the cost of the work.

In case of the abandonment of the work, the charge for partial service is as follows:

Preliminary studies...

Preliminary studies, general drawings, and specifica

tions....

Preliminary studies, general drawings, specifications, and details..

1 per cent.

21 per cent.

31 per cent.

For works that cost less than $10,000, or for monumental and decorative work, and designs for furniture-a special rate in excess of the above.'

For alterations and additions-an additional charge to be made for surveys and measurements.

An additional charge to be made for alterations or additions in contracts or plans, which will be valued in proportion to the additional time and services employed.

Necessary travelling expenses to be paid by the client.

Time spent by the architect in visiting for professional consultation and in the accompanying travel, whether by day or night, will be charged for, whether or not any commission, either for office work or supervising work, is given.

The architect's payments are successively due as his work is completed, in the order of the above classifications.

Until an actual estimate is received, the charges are based upon the proposed cost of the works, and the payments are received as instalments of the entire fee, which is based upon the actual cost.

The architect bases his professional charge upon the entire cost, to the owner, of the building when completed, including all the fixtures necessary to render it fit for occupation, and is entitled to

Nearly all architects of recognized standing in their profession, charge from 5 to 10 per cent. extra for designing mantels and other ornamental fixtures. carved work, and decorative work of all kinds. Fifteen per cent. on their cost is a common charge for selecting carpets, furnishings, etc.

additional compensation for furniture or other articles designed or purchased by the architect

If any material or work used in the construction of the building be already upon the ground, or come into possession of the owner without expense to him. the value of said material or work is to be added to the sum actually expended upon the building before the architect's commission is computed.

SUPERVISION OF WORKS.

The supervision or superintendence of an architect (as distinguished from the continuous personal superintendence which may be secured by the employment of a clerk-of-the-works) means such inspection by the architect, or his deputy, of a building or other work in process of erection, completion, or alteration, as he finds necessary to ascertain whether it is being executed in conformity with his designs and specifications or directions, and to enable him to decide when the successive instalments or payments provided for in the contract or agreement are due or payable. He is to determine in constructive emergencies, to order necessary changes, and to define the true intent and meaning of the drawings and specifications, and he has authority to stop the progress of the work and order its removal when not in accordance with them.

CLERK-OF-THE-WORKS.

On buildings where it is deemed necessary to employ a clerk-ofthe-works, the remuneration of said clerk is to be paid by the owner or owners, in addition to any commissions or fees due the architect.

The selection or dismissal of the clerk of the works is to be subject to the approval of the architect.

EXTRA SERVICES.

Consultation fees for professional advice are to be paid in proportion to the importance of the questions involved, at the discretion of the architect.

None of the charges above enumerated cover professional or legal services connected with negotiations for site, disputed party-walls, right of light, measurement of work, or services incidental to arrangements consequent upon the failure of contractors during the performance of the work. When such services become necessary they shall be charged for according to the time and trouble involved.

DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS.

Drawings and specifications, as instruments of service, are the property of the architect.

At the Second Annual Convention of the (re-organized) Ameri can Institute of Architects, held at Washington, D. C., October 22-25, 1890, the committee on Code of Ethics recommended the adoption of the following clauses to define the superintendence of the architect, and that the Institute adopt the form of contract between owner and architect, given below. The report of the committee was accepted and ordered printed, to be finally considered at the next convention.

SUPERVISION OF WORKS.

"The architect will furnish general superintendence by himself or his deputy, of such frequency or duration as in his judgment will suffice or may be necessary to fully instruct the contractors, pass upon the merits of material and workmanship, and to maintain an effective working organization of the several contractors engaged upon the structure; and to enable him to decide when the succsssive installments or payments provided for in the contract are due. · He is to determine any constructive emergencies and order necessary changes, and define the true intent and meaning of the specifications; he has authority to stop the progress of the work and order its removal when not in accordance with them."

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"The architect will demand of the contractors the proper correction or remedying of all defects discovered in their work, and will assist the owner in enforcing the terms of the contract. But the architect's superintendence shall not include liability or responsibility for any breach of contract by the contractor."

CLERK-OF-WORKS.

"On buildings where it is deemed necessary to have constant supervision, the architect will, if authorized by the employer, appoint a clerk-of-the-works for that purpose, at the extra rates quoted in the schedule or as agreed.

66 The selection or dismissal of the clerk-of-the-works is to be subject to the approval of the architect."

"The charge for clerk-of-the-works, when constant supervision is required, will be at the rate of $30 per week for buildings costing more than $20,000 and less than $200,000, and at special rates, as agreed, for other buildings.”

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