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CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
Practical working of our Free Institutions-Birth of Andrew Johnson-Parents
-Jacob Johnson-His character and pursuits-Orphanage of Andrew
Johnson-Apprenticed to a tailor-His studious habits-Goes to Laurens
Court House, S. C.-Moves to Greenville, Tenn.-In business-Marriage
-Industry-Learning the alphabet-Chosen a Town Commissioner-
Elected Mayor-Trustee of Rhea Academy-Chosen Member of the Ten-
nessee Legislature-State of feeling in that body-Candidate for Presiden-
tial Elector-Elected State Senator-Chosen Representative in Congress.
CHAPTER II.
Page 1
First Speech in the House of Representatives-Extract-Remarks on the An-
nexation of Texas-High considerations of National policy and duty
urged-The People of Texas-Significant passage of the Speech-Possi-
ble germ of future National policy in regard to the Colored race-Ques-
tions before Congress-Notice to Great Britain respecting Oregon-Mr.
Johnson's position-Extract showing his views and feelings-Contends
for the whole of Oregon,
10
CHAPTER III.
His Address to the House on the veto power of the President-The rationale
of the veto is the protection of the rights of the People-Speech on the
Admission of California-Extract-Anxiety for the restoration of kind
feelings between the North and the South-Fears of the usurpation of
power by the General Government-Speech on the proposition to dispos-
sess Texas by military power of a portion of territory-Rights of States-
Speech on the payment of Money to Mexico-Watchful jealousy over the
public Treasury,
23
CHAPTER IV.
Author of the Homestead Law-Illustration of what may be accomplished by
determination, perseverance, and tenacity of purpose-Introduces the
Homestead Bill into Congress in 1845-It would bring Money into the
Treasury-Speech in 1850-Rejoice the heart of the poor man-Progress
of the Bill-Mr. Johnson regarded as its father-Speech in 1852-Objec-
tions examined-Passage of the Bill by the House,
CHAPTER V.
Page 35
Prophetic Remark on the Action of the Tennessee Legislature-Candidate
for Governor of the State-"Gerrymandering," origin of the word-Dis-
cussion before the People-His Service as Governor-Elected to the
United States Senate-His first Speech in the Senate-Views on the In-
dependence of the Senatorial Character-On the Expenses of the Gov-
ernment-On Standing Armies-Touching Remarks alluding to his Na-
tive and his Adopted State
48
CHAPTER VI.
Discussion on Resolutions of the Tennessee Legislature-Charge of Prejudice
against Mr. Johnson unfounded.-Views on the Qualification of Voters
under the Constitution-Views on Extravagant Appropriations-Predic-
tions of the result of the Homestead Policy-Efforts for Retrenchment
measures-Constitutional Objections to the Pacific Railroad Bill-Views
on Presidential Conventions-Cost of a Pacific Railroad-The true philoso-
phy of Mr. Johnson's Political Creed
61
CHAPTER VII.
The South must contend for its Rights in the Union-The Union must be Main-
tained at all Hazards-Passage of the Homestead Bill in the Senate-Veto
of Mr. Buchanan-Speech of Mr. Johnson-Passage of the Bill over the
Veto-One peculiarity in all his great Speeches-Views on the Smithsonian
Institution-Key to his Character as a Public Man-Resolutions relative
to the distribution of Official Patronage-Remarks on the Clerical Force in
the Public Offices-Corrupt Practices of Members of Congress-Amend-
ments to Bills moved by Mr. Johnson-Opposition to the Voting of books
-Efforts to guard the Character of Congress against any grounds for Sus-
picion
75
CHAPTER VIII.
Public Opinion of Congressional Character-The "Gardiner claim "—Indigna-
tion of Mr. Johnson-Denounces it in the House-The Position he
assumed-Bearing of his Views at the present time-His watchful Vigi-
lance over the Treasury-Views on the Increase of Salaries-His Position
on the Tariff Question-The Object to present his Views and settled
Opinions-His open-hearted Candor and Freedom from Prevarication-
Sympathy for the People-Effects of the Homestead Act-Opposition to
the Know-Nothing Movement-Union Character of that Movement.
Page 88
CHAPTER IX.
Schemes of Mischief culminating in 1860-Democratic Convention at Charles-
ton-Split of the Democratic Party--Nomination and Election of Mr.
Lincoln-Course of Mr. Johnson-Appeals to his Southern Brethren-
Speech on the constitutional relations between the States and the
General Government-Earnestness of Mr. Johnson's Views and his
Anxiety to save the Union-Extracts from his Speech.
• 107
CHAPTER X.
Second Speech exposing the heresy of Secession-Evils and Disasters foretold
-The only man from eleven States contending for the Union-Warnings
to his friends in Tennessee-Acquiesces in the Election of Mr. Lincoln-
Reasons-Urges Guaranties for Slavery-Supports the Crittenden Com-
promise-Charges against Mr. Johnson-Proved to be Slanders-Resolu-
tion offered by him in the Senate on the objects of the War .
CHAPTER XI.
125
Speech on the Joint Resolution to make valid certain acts of President Lin-
coln-Philosophy of the Speech-Efforts of Southern Members to get out
of Congress before a Compromise could be made-Charge that the Free
States would amend the Constitution when in a Majority, and abolish
Slavery-How did Congress do?-Fixed Purpose to break up the Govern-
ment-Real Cause-We must Succeed
CHAPTER XII.
142
Addresses to the People of Kentucky and Ohio-Appointed Military Governor
of Tennessee-Appeal to the People of that State-Its Spirit-His Strin-
gent Rule as Military Governor-State of Affairs around him-His Firm-
ness when Nashville was threatened-Opposes the Evacuation of the City
-Conferences with President Lincoln on the Reorganization of the State
Government-His View of the Status of Tennessee-Proclamation for an
Election-Letter Accepting the Nomination as Vice-President-Speech on
the Capture of Richmond-Assassination of President Lincoln-Mr. John-
son becomes President-His Remarks on taking the Oath of Office-Re-
ception of the British Minister,
154
CHAPTER XIII.
The Strangeness of Life-Contemplate Andrew Johnson in Greeneville at Nine-
teen Years of Age-His Feeling and Impulses-Order of his Genius-His
Life in 1826-Ditto in 1865-His accession to his present Position not the
mere result of Accident-His Self-reliance-His Progress--His First
Speech-His Youthful Wife-Her Transfer to the White House-Tests by
which President Johnson may be Tried-Regard for Truthfulness-His
Candor and Sincerity-His Industry and Energy-Honesty and Fair
Dealing in Private Life-Economy,
CHAPTER XIV.
Page 169
The Moral and Physical Bravery of President Johnson as Military Governor
of Tennessee-His Position that Tennessee had never been out of the
Union-Difficulties of his Position as Governor-His Early Adhesion to
the Democratic Party-Philosophy of that Party-Charges against Mr.
Johnson-That of being a Demagogue Examined-Of being a Cold, Heart-
less Man-Views of those who know Him-His Strong Attachment for the
great Middle Class-His Plain, Unpretending, Unaffected Manners--His
great Executive and Administrative Functions-His Clemency-His
Moderation-His Respect for Northern People,
187
CHAPTER XV
Difficulties which beset the President-The Qualities required for his Station
-Old Party Issues said to be Dead-Issues of Greater Moment-Rationale
of Mr. Lincoln's Call for Troops--Views of the Ultraists North and South
-Fortunate thing for the South that Mr. Johnson has taken the Position
he does-Fortunate for the North that Mr. Johnson Entertains the Views
he does-Important that Harmony should be Restored between the two
Sections as soon as Possible-Suffrage for the Blacks mooted-Vote of
Connecticut, 208
CHAPTER XVI.
Course of Mr. Johnson relative to the Institution of Slavery-Brief View
of the Acts and Doings of the Secessionists-Nullification in South
Carolina-New System of Political Ethics on the Question of Slavery—
Origin of Slavery Propagandism on the part of the Ultra Men of the
South-A Great Error committed by the South-The Pretext for Disunion
--Commercial Conventions--Remark of Mr. Calhoun-Charleston Con-
vention of 1860-Rupture at Baltimore-Views of Mr. Lincoln-State of
Parties in Congress-Views of the Secessionists-Slavery might have
been Saved to the South and put beyond the reach of Danger.
222
CHAPTER XVII.
Mr. Johnson's Position on the Slavery Question-The very Men under whose
Administration the Institution should disappear-The Truth of History-
How was the Slavery Agitation kept up at the South?-Circumstances
attending the Inauguration of the Conflict--Union Men in the South-
Action of Mr. Buchanan-Effect on the South-Position of Mr. Lincoln--
What it cost in the South to be a Union Man-Feelings of the Southern
People, Page 241
CHAPTER XVIII.
Object of President Johnson in the continued Occupation of the South by na-
tional Troops-Decision of the President that the Acts of States in Seces-
sion are null and void-His Views-The Appointment of Provisional
Governors The Exercise of the Pardoning Power-The Public Law of
Christendom-His Pardons no mere Capricious Exercise of Power-Dif-
culties of his Position-The Problem of the Future,
CHAPTER XIX.
258
Difficulties of President Johnson's Situation-The next Presidency-Requisites
for a successful Statesman-What constitutes a Demagogue-State Elec-
tions-President Johnson supported by both Parties-His Nomination for
the Vice-Presidency-His Views unchanged-Relations to the Republican
Party-Views on Reconstruction-Disaffection-President Johnson's
Sense of Duty-Address to the Montana Delegation-Address to Delegates
of the Virginia Legislature, 276
CHAPTER XX.
President Johnson's Position-If he Falters he is Lost-The Misfortune of the
South in 1861-President Johnson badly treated-Approval of his Plan by
both Parties at the North-The Southern People regarded the Require-
ments as Final and Conclusive-Veto of the Freedmen's Bureau Bill—
Sentiments of the North-Meeting in Washington to sustain the Presi-
dent,
296
CHAPTER XXI.
His Opinion of General Jackson-Great Men the Representatives of some
cardinal Principle-Washington-Clay-The Rights of the People the
great Standpoint of President Johnson's Character-His Construction of
the Constitution-A Moral Lesson in the Study of his Life and Character
-Influence upon the Youths of the Country-His Manners and Bearing-
Personal Appearance-Family--His Difficult Task-Attempts of Factions
to Use him-American, Roman, English, French, and German civilization.
810