ver. 191, to the end.

Is strange, the miser should his cares employ › gain those riches he can ne'er enjoy,

it less strange, the prodigal should waste is wealth to purchase what he ne'er can taste ?• ot for himself he sees, or hears, or eats; rtists must choose his pictures, music, meats: e buys for Topham,' drawings and designs, or Pembroke, statues, dirty gods, and coins; are monkish manuscripts for Hearne2 alone, nd books for Mead, and butterflies for Sloane.' hink we all these are for himself? no more han his fine wife, alas! or finer w

For what has Virro painted, built, and planted? nly to show, how many tastes he wanted. That brought Sir Visto's ill got wealth to waste? ɔme demon whispered, "Visto! have a taste." eav'n visits with a taste the wealthy fool, nd needs no rod but Ripley* with a rule. ee! sportive fate, to punish awkward pride, ids Bubo build, and sends him such a guide: standing sermon, at each year's expense, hat never coxcomb reached magnificence!

pe.

A gentleman famous for a judicious collection of drawings.-

Thomas Hearne, well known as an antiquarian.-Pope.

3 Two eminent physicians; the one had an excellent library, the her the finest collection in Europe of natural curiosities: both en of great learning and humanity.-Pope.

4 This man was a carpenter, employed by a first minister, who ised him to an architect, without any genius in the art; and after me wretched proofs of his insufficiency in public buildings made m comptroller of the Board of Works.-Pope.

He means Bubb Doddington's magnificent palace at Eastbury, Par Blandford, which he had just finished.-Bowles,

You show us, Rome was glorious, not profuse,' And pompous buildings once were things of use. Yet shall, my lord, your just, your noble rules Fill half the land with imitating-fools;

Who random drawings from your sheets shall take,
And of one beauty many blunders make;
Load some vain church with old theatric state,
Turn arcs of triumph to a garden-gate;
Reverse your ornaments, and hang them all

On some patched dog-hole eked with ends of wall;
Then clap four slices of pilaster on't,

That, laced with bits of rustic, makes a front.
Shall call the winds through long arcades to roar,
Proud to catch cold at a Venetian door;
Conscious they act a true Palladian part,
And, if they starve, they starve by rules of art.
Oft have you hinted to your brother peer
A certain truth, which many buy too dear:
Something there is more needful than expense,
And something previous ev'n to taste-'tis sense:
Good sense, which only is the gift of Heaven,
And though no science, fairly worth the seven.
A light, which in yourself you must perceive;
Jones and Le Nôtre2 have it not to give.

To build, to plant, whatever you intend,
To rear the column, or the arch to bend,
To swell the terrace, or to sink the grot;
In all, let nature never be forgot.
But treat the goddess like a modest fair,
Nor over-dress, nor leave her wholly bare;
Let not each beauty ev'ry where be spied,
Where half the skill is decently to hide.
He gains all points, who pleasingly confounds,
Surprises, varies, and conceals the bounds.
Consult the genius of the place in all;
That tells the waters or to rise, or fall;
Or helps the ambitious hill the heav'ns to scale,
Or scoops in circling theatres the vale;

Calls in the country, catches op'ning glades,

1 The Earl of Burlington was then publishing the Designs of Inigo Jones, and the Antiquities of Rome by Palladio.-Pope

2 Inigo Jones. "Le Nôtre," says Walpole, "was the architect of the groves and grottoes of Versailles. He came hither on a mission to improve our taste. He planted St. James's and Greenwich Parks; no great monuments of his invention."

Joins willing woods, and varies shades from shades;
Now breaks, or now directs, th' intending lines;
Paints as you plant, and, as you work, designs.
Still follow sense, of ev'ry art the soul,
Parts answ'ring parts shall slide into a whole,
Spontaneous beauties all around advance,
Start ev'n from difficulty, strike from chance;
Nature shall join you; time shall make it grow
A work to wonder at-perhaps a Stowe.1

Without it, proud Versailles! thy glory falls;
And Nero's terraces desert their walls:

The vast parterres a thousand hands shall make,
Lo! Cobham' comes, and floats them with a lake
Or cut wide views through mountains to the plain,
You'll wish your hill or sheltered seat again.3
Even in an ornament its place remark,

Nor in a hermitage set Dr. Clarke.*

Behold Villario's ten years' toil complete;

His quincunx darkens, his espaliers meet;

The woods supports the plain, the parts unite,
And strength of shade contends with strength of
light;

A waving glow the bloomy beds display,
Blushing in bright diversities of day,

With silver-quiv'ring rills meandered o’er—
Enjoy them, you! Villario can no more;

Tired of the scene parterres and fountains yield,
He finds at last he better likes a field.

[strayed, Through his young woods how pleased Sabinus

Or sat delighted in the thick'ning shade,

With annual joy the redd'ning shoots to greet,
Or see the stretching branches long to meet!
His son's fine taste an op'ner vista loves,

Foe to the Dryads of his father's groves;

1 The seat and gardens of the Lord Viscount Cobham in Buckinghamshire.-Pope.

2 Viscount Cobham. His seat was Stowe, in Bucks, once the residence of the Duke of Buckingham..

3 This was done in Hertfordshire, by a wealthy citizen, at the expense of above £5000, by which means (merely to overlook a dead plain) he let in the north wind upon his house and parterre, which were before adorned and defended by beautiful woods.-Pope.

4 Dr. S. Clarke's busto placed by the Queen in the hermitage, while the Doctor duly frequented the Court.-Pope. Pope disliked Dr. Clarke because he was a favourite of Queen Caroline's, and the opinions he was supposed to hold were not orthodox.

One boundless green, or flourished carpet views,'
With all the mournful family of yews;2
The thriving plants ignoble broomsticks made,
Now sweep those alleys they were born to shade.
At Timon's villa3 let us pass a day,

Where all cry out, "What sums are thrown away!"
So proud, so grand; of that stupendous air,
Soft and agreeable come never there.

Greatness, with Timon, dwells in such a draugh
As brings all Brobdignag before your thought.
To compass this, his building is a town,
His pond an ocean, his parterre a down:
Who but must laugh, the master when he sees,
A puny insect, shivering at a breeze!
Lo, what huge heaps of littleness around!
The whole, a laboured quarry above ground;
Two cupids squirt before; a lake behind
Improves the keenness of the northern wind.
His gardens next your admiration call,
On every side you look, behold the wall!
No pleasing intricacies intervene,

No artful wildness to perplex the scene:
Grove nods at grove, each alley has a brother,
And half the platform just reflects the other.
The suff'ring eye inverted nature sees,
Trees cut to statues, statues thick as trees;
With here a fountain, never to be played;
And there a summer-house, that knows no shade;
Here Amphiirite sails through myrtle bowers;
There gladiators1 fight or die in flowers;
Unwatered see the drooping sea-horse mourn,

1 The two extremes in parterres, which are equally faulty; a boundless green, large and naked as a field, or a flourished carpet, where the greatness and nobleness of the piece is lessened by being divided into too many parts, with scrolled works and beds, of which the examples are frequent.-Pope.

2 Touches upon the ill taste of those who are so fond of evergreens (particularly yews, which are the most tonsile) as to destroy the nobler forest-trees, to make way for such little ornaments as pyramids of dark-green continually repeated, not unlike a funeral procession.-Pope.

3 This description is intended to comprise the principles of a false taste of magnificence, and to exemplify what was said before, that nothing but good sense can attain it.-Pope. This was said to have been meant for the place of the Duke of Chandos; but Pope positively asserts, in a note at Essay III., that Timon was not meant for his friend.

1 The two statues of the Gladiator pugnans and Gladiator moriens,~~ Pope,

And swallows roost in Nilus' dusty urn.
My lord advances with majestic mien,
Smit with the mighty pleasure, to be seen:
But soft,-by regular approach,—not yet,—
First, through the length of yon hot terrace sweat;1
And when up ten steep slopes you've dragged your
thighs,

Just at his study-door he'll bless your eyes.

His study! with what authors is he stored ?2
In books, not authors, curious is my lord;
To all their dated backs he turns you round:
These Aldus printed, those Du Sueil has bound.
Lo, some are vellum, and the rest as good,
For all his lordship knows, but they are wood.
For Locke or Milton 'tis in vain to look,
These shelves admit not any modern book.

And now the chapel's silver bell you hear,
That summons you to all the pride of pray'r:3
Light quirks of music, broken and uneven,
Make the soul dance upon a jig to heaven.
On painted ceilings you devoutly stare,
Where sprawl the saints of Verrio or Laguerre
On gilded clouds in fair expansion lie,
And bring all paradise before your eye.
To rest, the cushion and soft dean invite,
Who never mentions hell to ears polite.

But hark! the chiming clocks to dinner call;
A hundred footsteps scrape the marble hall:

1 The approaches and communications of house with garden, or of one part with another, ill-judged, and inconvenient.-Pope.

2 The false taste in books; a satire on the vanity in collecting them, more frequent in men of fortune than the study to understand them. Many delight chiefly in the elegance of the print, or of the binding; some have carried it so far as to cause the upper shelves to be filled with painted books of wood; others pique themselves so much upon books in a language they do not understand, as to exclude the most useful in one they do.-Pope.

3 The false taste in music, improper to the subjects, as of light airs in churches, often practised by the organist, &c.—Pope.

4 And in painting (from which even Italy is not free) of naked figures in churches, &c. which has obliged some Popes to put draperies on some of those of the best masters.-Pope.

5 Verrio (Antonio) painted many ceilings, &c., at Windsor, Hampton Court, &c., and Laguerre at Blenheim Castle, and other places.Pope.

6 This is a fact; a reverend Dean preaching at court, threatened the sinner with punishment in "a place which he thought it no decent to name in so polite an assembly."-Pope,