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in which instruction is given; and upon these much care appears to be bestowed.

One-third of the Officers of the Sardinian Army are promoted, as has been mentioned, from the ranks. Accordingly, a class has been recently added to the School of Ivrea, intended exclusively for the Education of those Non-commissioned Officers who aspire to a Commission. This class is to be common to Infantry and Cavalry.

The following extracts from the Regulations of the Minister of War, will exhibit the practical character of instruction in this class of schools.

Prospectus of Instruction to be given to Lieutenants in the Military School of Infantry.

Soldiers' Drill, Squad, Company, Battalion, and Chasseur ditto, &c.

Fencing with the Bayonet.

Exercise of the various Arms, &c.

Musketry Practice.

Regulations of Discipline, Garrison and Field Regulations, Army Accounts.
Secondary Operations of War.

Topography.

Field Fortification.

School of Topography.

It is decided that such instruction [in Topography,] shall take place from the commencement of March till the end of July.

This will be obligatory on Officers who have not passed the age of thirty years.

Those Corps, however, who may think that they can thus employ themselves in the winter also for the hour or so which may remain over after the other occupations of the Officers, shall have the power of establishing, from the beginning of November, a school, in which drawing and other preliminary acquirements may be taught.

This School will be attended especially by beginners and the less educated, who will thus be able better to profit at the beginning of March by the lectures given to the Officers more advanced in this study.

The Schools will be instituted for regiments or brigades, according as the General commanding the Division shall determine, upon. the report of the Chief of the Staff, regard being had to the Director who can be assigned to them and the opportunities afforded by the situation.

In cases, however, where it may be convenient, they can institute Divisional Schools as well, which will be attended by the Officers of the different corps already more advanced in the study.

There they will be exercised, by direction of the Chief of the

Staff, in the various subjects taught in the School, especially in the application upon sketches of themes of secondary operations of war, and will be taken into the field to execute surveys on the spot with the instruments and by the eye.

In this case, in the Regimental Schools, the less educated officers will be trained under the direction of Officers who have given proof of sufficient capacity.

The Officers of the Detachments of Cavalry or of the Rifles, for whom it may not be convenient to establish separate schools, will attend those schools of their garrison to which they are assigned by the General Commandant of the Division upon the proposition of the Chief of the Staff.

Inasmuch as this Ministry is careful to provide the Schools of Topography with the instruments necessary for the practical training upon the ground, it makes known henceforward the implements with which they must be provided, at the charge of the Treasury, in cases where they do not already possess them, viz. :

Small tables, with desks. Seats or stools. Slate, with stand. 2 pieces of Indian ink. 2 ditto of French blue. 2 ditto of gum. 2 tablets of carded wool. 1 case of mathematical instruments. 2 plane rulers of one metre each, besides some rulers of various dimensions, the necessary paper for themes, &c. 2 penknives. Some pencils. 1 paper of steel pens for drawing. Half a bundle of crows'-quills. Chalk for the slate, and sponge. Inkstand, with ordinary ink. 2 crayons (coulé) of No. 2. 2 ditto of No. 4. 2 pieces of Indian rubber.

GENERAL SYLLABUS OF INSTRUCTION FOR THE INFANTRY OF THE LINE.

Months of November, December, January, February and March. Recruits will be kept separate from the seniors during these five months in all the instructions (except the drills.)

They will be instructed progressively once a day in soldiers' and squad drill. They will attend daily the gymnastic exercise and the school of reading and writing.

N. B. As they shall progress by degrees in the various branches of instruction, they will take their part in the service, at first on duty where arms are not required, and afterwards with their arms, as much as possible always upon public holidays.

Seniors will have to attend the school of reading, writing, arithmetic, and gymnastics daily.

The recruits as well as the seniors will be prepared for the practice range, during the months of February and March, by aiming at the butt and firing at the candle.

The Officers, especially the juniors, will be encouraged to exercise themselves in gymnastics, and to frequent the School of Topography.

The Captains will be taught riding as much as possible where they are in garrison with Cavalry.

In the months of February and March the Officers will be further prepared in the appropriate theory, with a view to the instruction of the following months, and all without exception will have to practice firing with the riflc.

April and May.

There will be no further distinction made between the recruits and seniors.

They will pass successively through soldiers', squad, and company drill, bayonet exercise, and rifle practice at the butt.

The school of reading, writing, and arithmetic, and gymnastics, will be continued at least for the lower classes.

The Captains will give instruction to their companies, especially in bad weather, on the subject of packing necessaries, and on the general behavior of the soldier under different circumstances on and off duty, showing them also the manner of making reports in a few clear and concise words.

The Officers will be prepared by the appropriate theoretical training for the instruction of the following months.

The School of Topography will be continued as much as possible for the Officers who desire to attend it.

June, July, August.

They will pass successively through battalion drill and regimental and brigade

manoeuvres.

The rifle practice at the butt will be continued.

The Chasseur exercise will be taught.

The swimming school will proceed with the utmost possible activity.

The school of reading, writing, and arithmetic, and gymnastics will be continued at least for the lowest classes, as much at least as the instructions in other subjects, and especially swimming, permit.

The Generals of Brigade will explain theoretically to the superior Officers and Captains, and these latter to their own companies, the nature of service in the field.

September.

By frequent marches instruction will be given in field service, practical in its nature, and separate for every arm.

Manoeuvres and evolutions appropriate to the ground will be gone through. The troops will be disposed for the defense of a village or a position, of a stream, or the like.

October.

The instruction in the field will continue as much as possible, and especially in the garrisons where troops of different arms are quartered, one part of the force can be opposed to the other, and, where the service of the place permits it, by calling in the assistance of the National Guard, the garrison will be able entirely or in part to absent itself for two or three days.

GENERAL RULES RELATING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS.

1. As far as is possible the soldiers should receive at least two lessons in the day.

2. In the months of April, May, June, July, and August, the drill in the place d'armes will take place only once a day, the other will be in the barrack or the neighborhood.

3. The Officers should give the instructions themselves, and should never appear as idle spectators before the soldier.

The subalterns will themselves conduct the soldiers' and squad drill, and the bayonet exercise.

The Captains will be careful to instruct their own companies. At the rifle practice all the Officers of the Company should be present and interest themselves for the good working of so important a subject of instruction.

4. During recreation times, and in all those kinds of instruction which do not require silence and immobility, the Officers will be careful to converse with their inferiors, and to study their character and qualities, praising and encouraging the good to do well, and visiting with words of blame more or less severe those who are ill-regulated in their conduct.

5. In order to interrupt as little as possible the course of the instructions, the Colonels and Generals of Brigade will avail themselves of the festivals accurately to review the men before and after mass.

6. In forts the Infantry will be exercised at the service of guns according to

the directions which will be given to the Officers of Artillery commanding in them.

7. Some Non-commissioned Officers in every regiment will be trained as the carpenters for making cartridges.

8. In the interior of the barracks the men will be encouraged to amuse themselves, and be gay, rather than to loiter about in idleness. It will be most advantageous to introduce singing to music, as was done in the camp of 1846. 9. In the month of August, Staff Officers will be dispatched to the principal garrisons who, being attached to Generals of Brigade and Division, will prepare with them the projects and plans for the field instructions of the months of September and October. These Staff Officers are further particularly charged to study the environs, and to point out in reports for that purpose the most important military positions, and the mode of occupying them.

10. Appropriate instructions concerning the rules to be observed in the rifle schools, concerning the swimming school, and the exercises in the field, will be forwarded at the proper time.

VI. SCHOOL OF ARTILLERY IN THE ARSENAL.

Men, who are destined to work in the arsenal, receive here practical instruction in their art. The arsenal contains, 1st, a chemical and metallurgical laboratory, in which analysis, &c., are performed; 2d, a mineralogical collection, containing 1100 specimens of minerals, and many models of crystalization, besides a complete collection of specimens from the territory of Genoa; 3d, a collection of philosophical apparatus, containing 600 different machines and instruments, partly from Puxy and Dumotier of Paris, and partly from Zest and Brabante of Turin; 4th, a library containing the best books on Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, Astronomy, Geology, Geography, &c.; 5th, a foundry of cannon, which includes the foundry properly so called, the atelier of modelers, the hall of models, the ateliers of trepans and of engravers; 6th, the lithographic establishment; 7th, the machine shop; 8th, a manufacture of all kinds of arms for the army and navy; 9th, the atelier of bombardiers; 10th the manufacture of gunpowder, and refinery of saltpetre; 11th, a forge for gun-barrels.

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III. EAGLESWOOD MILITARY ACADEMY,

AT PERTH AMBOY, NEW JERSEY.

THE EAGLESWOOD MILITARY ACADEMY was established at Perth Amboy, N. J., in October, 1861. Perth Amboy is a quiet little city of about 3,000 inhabitants, which, before the Revolution, was the seat of government for the province of East Jersey, and subsequently was the capital of the State until 1790. It is 21 miles from New York, to which it has access by three lines of steamboats and by the Staten Island railroad. Its site is a beautiful point of land, which is washed on the east by Staten Island Sound and on the south by Raritan Bay. The climate is healthy and remarkably mild, and the city has long been a favorite place of summer resort for the enjoyment of its temperate air and its facilities for salt-water bathing. The estate of Eagleswood lies about a mile westward from the town, and fronts for half a mile on the navigable waters of Raritan Bay. Its shore is abrupt and picturesque, fringed for the most part with woods and shrubbery, and indented with green and shady ravines, the largest of which is inclosed by high banks, covered with fine old forest trees, and forming a natural park of nearly a mile in length and of great and varied beauty. The remainder of the estate comprises about a hundred and fifty acres of gently undulating land, and includes spacious lawns, playgrounds, gardens, and cornfields, together with about a dozen dwelling-houses and a large edifice containing studios for artists, several of whom have lately taken up their abode at Eagleswood-among them William Page and Inness, the distinguished landscape painter.

The main building of Eagleswood, which is now almost entirely used for school purposes, is a fine freestone edifice in the Italian villa style, 254 feet long and two and three stories high. In the basement a corridor extends the whole length of the building, affording at all times a convenient and sheltered communication between the different parts, while piazzas extend along the front of the first and second stories, upon which open windows reaching to the floors. The flat roof, surmounted by a balustrade, commands a magnificent view of Raritan Bay and of the Neversink hills. The building is warmed by steam, lighted by gas, and supplied throughout by water from a neighboring brook, fed by never-failing springs.

A school-room, with separate desks for a hundred pupils, a dining-room, a large parlor for dancing and other social purposes, an armory, a laboratory and various recitation rooms, occupy a large portion of the building; the rest is divided into sleeping rooms, some containing one, others two or three, none more than four, beds-an arrangement which is thought by the teachers of the institution to be better adapted to the preservation of good order and good morals, than that which collects, as in many academies, the students into one or two large dormitories.

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