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played unexampled bravery, and captured almoft the whole detachment.

54. The militia affembled from all parts of New-Eng land to top the progrefs of general Burgoyne. These with the regular troops, formed a refpectable army commanded by general Gates,

55. After two fevere actions, in which the generals Lincoln and Arnold, behaved with uncommon gallantry and were wounded, general Burgoyne found himfelf en closed with brave troops, and was forced to furrender his whole army, amounting to ten thousand men, into the hands of the Americans. This happened in October.

56. This event diffufed a univerfal joy over America, and laid a foundation for the treaty with. France,

57. But before thefe tranfactions, the main body of the British forces, had embarked at New-York, failed up the Chefapeak, and landed at the head of Elk river. "The army foon began their march for Philadelphia. General Washington had determined to oppofe them, and for this purpofe made a ftand upon the heights near Brandywine Creek.

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58. Here the armies engaged, and the Americans were overpowered, and fuffered great lofs. The enemy foon purfued their march, and took poffeffion of Philadelphia towards the clofe of September.

59. Not long after, the two armies were again engaged at Germantown, and in the beginning of the action the Americans had the advantage; but by fome uulucky acci dent, the fortune of the day was turned in favor of the British. Both fides fuffered confiderable loffes; on the fide of the Americans, was general Nath.

60. In an attack upon the forts at Mud Ifland and Red Bank, the Heffians were unfuccefsful, and their command er, colonel Donop, killed. The British alfo lost the Augufta, a fhip of the line. But the forts were afterwards taken, and the navigation of the Delaware opened. Ge neral Wathington was reinforced, with part of the troops which had compofed the northern army under general Gates; and both armies retired to winter quarters. 61. In October the fame month in which general Burgoyne was taken at Saratoga, general Vaughan, with a fmall fleet, failed up Hudfon's river, and wantonly

burat Kington, a beautiful Dutch fettlement on the welt fide of the river.

62. The beginning of the next year (1778) was diftinguifhed by a treaty of alliance between France and America; by which we obtained a powerful and generous ally.

63. When the English miniftry were informed that this treaty was on foot, they difpatched commiffioners to America to attempt a reconciliation. But America would not now accept their offers. Early in the fpring, count d'El taing, with a fleet of fifteen fail of the line, was fent by the court of France to affift America.

64 General Howe left the army and returned to Eng-. land; the command then devolved upon fir. Henry Clinton. In June, the Britifla army left Philadelphia, and marched for New-York.

1965. On their march they were annoyed by the Americans; and at Monmouth a very regular action took place. between part of the armies; the enemy was repulfed with great lofs; and had general Lee obeyed his orders, a fignal victory muft have been obtained. General Lee, for his ill conduct that day, was fufpended, and was never afterwards permitted to join the army.

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timber in the neighboring foreft. A plan was laid by al Maffachusetts to diflodge them, and a confiderable feet collected for the purpofe. But the plan failed of fuccefs, and the whole marine force fell into the hands of the Britifh, except fome veffels, which were burnt by the Amerisans themfelves.

71. In October, general Lincoln and count d'Estaing made an affault upon Savannah; but they were repulled with confiderable lofs. In this action, the celebrated Polish count, Pulafki, who had acquired the reputation ■ brave soldier, was mortally wounded.

72. In this fummer, general Sullivan marched with a body of troops into the Indian country, and burat and deftroyed all their provifions and fettlements that fell in their way.

73. On the opening of the campaign the next year, (1780) the Britifh troops left Rhode lland. An expedi tion under general Clinton and Lord Cornwallis, was undertaken againft Charleston, South Carolina, where general Lincoln commanded. This town, after a clofe ege of about fix weeks, was furrendered to the British commander; and general Lincoln and the whole Américan garrifon were made prifoners.

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74. General Gates was appointed to the command in the fouthern department, and another army collected. Auguft, lord Cornwallis attacked the American troops Camden, in South Carolina, and routed them with conf derable lofs. He afterwards marched through the Southern States, and fuppofed them entirely fubdued.

75. The fame fummer, the British troops made frequent incurfions from New-York into the Jerfies; ravaging and plundering the country. Ju fome of the fe defcents, the Rev. Mr. Caldwell, a refpectable clergyman and warm patriot, and his lady, were inhumanly murdered by the Lavage foldiery.

16. In July a French fleet, under Monfieur de Ternay, with a body of land forces, commanded by count de Rochambeau, arrived at Rhode Island, to the great joy of the Americans.

77. This year was alfo diftinguifhed by the infamous treafon of Arnold. General Washington having fome Sufinefs to tranfact at Wethersfield, in Connecticut, left Arnold to command the important poft of Weft-Point,

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