Philosophy of BiologyElsevier, 5 лют. 2007 р. - 638 стор. Philosophy of Biology is a rapidly expanding field. It is concerned with explanatory concepts in evolution, genetics, and ecology. This collection of 25 essays by leading researchers provides an overview of the state of the field. These essays are wholly new; none of them could have been written even ten years ago. They demonstrate how philosophical analysis has been able to contribute to sometimes contested areas of scientific theory making. -Written by internationally acknowledged leaders in the field- Entries make original contributions as well as summarizing state of the art discoveries in the field- Easy to read and understand |
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Сторінка 16
... cells made from wax are perfect hexagons. Why should this be? Because this is the most efficient way of building cells and economizing on wax — a relatively scarce resource and one that requires much labor. Could it be that natural ...
... cells made from wax are perfect hexagons. Why should this be? Because this is the most efficient way of building cells and economizing on wax — a relatively scarce resource and one that requires much labor. Could it be that natural ...
Сторінка 17
... cell, sometimes recurring to a shape which they had at first rejected. (231-232) Similar kinds of arguments — partly experimental, partly personal observational, partly general gathering of knowledge from others — occur again and again ...
... cell, sometimes recurring to a shape which they had at first rejected. (231-232) Similar kinds of arguments — partly experimental, partly personal observational, partly general gathering of knowledge from others — occur again and again ...
Сторінка 19
... cells where they accumulate. Then in reproduction these are passed on to the next generation, the gemmules of parents mingling in the offspring. Note that this hypothesis centrally incorporates a Lamarckian perspective on generation ...
... cells where they accumulate. Then in reproduction these are passed on to the next generation, the gemmules of parents mingling in the offspring. Note that this hypothesis centrally incorporates a Lamarckian perspective on generation ...
Сторінка 20
... cells. One would think it would be the blood that would be the key fluid here, but when Darwin's cousin Francis ... cell, before answers started to emerge at the beginning of the twentieth century. The really major project that occupied ...
... cells. One would think it would be the blood that would be the key fluid here, but when Darwin's cousin Francis ... cell, before answers started to emerge at the beginning of the twentieth century. The really major project that occupied ...
Сторінка 70
... cell, individual, local race — make up for genetic homogeneity or genetic heterogeneity of the species. ... The type and rate of evolution . . . depend upon the balance among the evolutionary pressures considered here. In too small a ...
... cell, individual, local race — make up for genetic homogeneity or genetic heterogeneity of the species. ... The type and rate of evolution . . . depend upon the balance among the evolutionary pressures considered here. In too small a ...
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adaptationism adaptive alleles altruism argued argument artificial behaviour biologists Cambridge causal cause cells Chicago chromosomes cladistic claim coding complex Darwin Darwinian Dawkins developmental systems drift Drosophila effects entities environment environmental evolution evolutionary biology evolutionary theory evolved example explanation factors Falk fitness formalisation frequencies function genes genetic analysis genotype Haldane Haldane’s heredity homology homoplasy human individual inheritance innateness J. B. S. Haldane Kimura kind Kitcher laws Lewontin lineages Linnaean hierarchy mathematical Matthen Maynard Smith Mayr mechanisms Mendel Mendelian molecular molecules moral Muller mutation natural selection norms notion organisms Origin Oxford Paul Thagard Pearson phenotypic Philosophy of Biology Philosophy of Science phylogenetic population genetics principle problem protein question R. A. Fisher race concept recombination replicators representation reproductive role scientific semantic sequence Sewall Wright Sober Sterelny structure synthesis taxa taxon theoretical tion traits University Press variation Wilson Wright
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 485 - It is written in the language of mathematics, and its characters are triangles, circles, and other geometrical figures, without which it is humanly impossible to understand a single word of it; without these, one is wandering about in a dark labyrinth.
Сторінка 221 - I have already urged, the practice of that which is ethically best — what we call goodness or virtue — involves a course of conduct which, in all respects, is opposed to that which leads to success in the cosmic struggle for existence.
Сторінка 24 - The following proposition seems to me in a high degree probable — namely, that any animal whatever, endowed with well-marked social instincts, would inevitably acquire a moral sense or conscience as soon as its intellectual powers had become as well developed, or nearly as well developed as in man.
Сторінка 111 - If such do occur, can we doubt (remembering that many more individuals are born than can possibly survive) that individuals having any advantage, however slight, over others, would have the best chance of surviving and of procreating their kind...
Сторінка 27 - As all the living forms of life are the lineal descendants of those which lived long before the Cambrian epoch, we may feel certain that the ordinary succession by generation has never once been broken, and that no cataclysm has desolated the whole world.
Сторінка 24 - I FULLY subscribe to the judgment of those writers * who maintain that of all the differences between man and the lower animals, the moral sense or conscience is by far the most important...
Сторінка 18 - It is interesting to contemplate a tangled bank, clothed with many plants of many kinds, with birds singing on the bushes, with various insects flitting about, and with worms crawling through the damp earth and to reflect that these elaborately constructed forms, so different from each other, and i..
Сторінка 18 - Thus, from the war of nature, from famine and death, the most exalted object which we are capable of conceiving, namely, the production of the higher animals, directly follows. There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one...