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Сторінка 430 - Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules...
Сторінка 855 - it is impossible by means of inanimate material agency to derive mechanical effect from any portion of matter by cooling it below the temperature of the coldest of surrounding objects.
Сторінка 481 - English" test — ie, a test tube about 1 inch in diameter is filled to the depth of about 2 inches with the melted paraffin, a small thermometer is inserted, and the whole steadily stirred, while the test tube and its contents are allowed to cool slowly.
Сторінка 408 - Joule, that when a gas expands without doing external work and without taking in or giving out heat, and therefore without changing its stock of internal energy, its temperature does not change.
Сторінка 855 - ... the absolute values of two temperatures are to one another in the proportion of the heat taken in to the heat rejected in a perfect thermo-dynamic engine, working with a source and refrigerator at the higher and lower of the temperatures respectively.
Сторінка 815 - RT, where b is a constant and equal to the " co-volume," or volume of the liquid. On the assumption that the average total kinetic energy of the molecules of a gas is directly proportional to the...
Сторінка 481 - ... below the temperature at which solid paraffin first appears. The tube is then removed from the freezing mixture...
Сторінка 855 - ... refrigerator have the same efficiency, whether the working substance employed in them be steam, air, or any other material, gaseous, liquid, or solid. Hence we can lay down the following law, which is called the second law of thermo-dynamics : the efficiency of a completely reversible engine is independent of the nature of the working substance...

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