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Scenes and Passages from the Italian Dramatists.

Rigour. If man himself thou wilt not, Jove de- | Without their passions were they but as stocks,

stroy,

Root out his ruling passions at the least

Mad rage, ridiculous pride, hate, love, and lust,
And all the rest by which they wretched are,
And rebels 'gainst thy will. These are the storms
Which strew with wrecks the sea of human life-
These are the factious bands by which through time
Disorder reigns and anarchy on earth.
There is no refuge in the world from these:
Even Astrea's judgment-hall, the schools
Of Pallas, and the wrestling-field of Mars-
Your very temples, they profane! They arm
With impious steel the parricidal hand,
And teach from noxious hemlock to prepare
The deadly drink. These furies on the earth
Invade mankind till each on other's wrong
Is bent, and peace no more inhabits there.
Nor only one 'gainst other do they rouse,
But in men's souls they urge intestine war,
Dividing each into a thousand parts.
So, by their means, all that on earth are born,
Live aye with others and themselves at war.

Who 'mid such direful strife shall find
Soft peace to heal his tortured mind?
Or who shall hold within his breast,
Amid such tempests, calm and rest?
If not within the soul they live,

If others ne'er have power to give,

These gentle blessings, where, oh where,
Poor man may find, great Jove declare?

Apol. Nay, if thou should'st destroy in human
hearts

All human passions, Jove, where then were man?
What should distinguish him from senseless plants?
I know how many boisterous passions vex
The sea of life; but oceans are not passed
Save by the aid of winds; armies they are,
Rude and rebellious; but without their aid,
There were no powers to combat. Grant that they
Dire shipwrecks bring, they also press to port—
Blame them for cause of tumults, if thou wilt,
But own the victor's trophy also theirs.
All rests with man; the prudent pilot and
The skilful captain, who well knows to use
Their might to his advantage. Reft of rule
That power is hu. tful, which by reason led
Becomes a virtue. Avarice tempered thus
Abates to Prudence, Pride to Self-respect,
Pusillanimity to Modesty,

And fiery Rage to Zeal. Ee'n Envy's self
May change to good, and take the glorious name
Of honourable Emulation. All
The passions were intended but to be
The vassals of the reason and to serve.
While they are servants only none can blame;
"Tis when they grow to lords they tyrannize.
While betwixt its banks the river,
Soft meandering, wills to keep
Use and joyance brings it ever
To the shepherd and his sheep;

But if then, its bounds transgressing,
Wild it overspread the plain,
Lo! beneath its power oppressing,
Dies the harvest's promised gain.

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And with their passions are they worse than beasts!
Each remedy to opposition drives.

Destroy, great king of gods, this compound vile
Of qualities so contrary. Ere this

The ungrateful ones have cost thee pangs enough—
Bestow thy care on worthier objects, sire.

Thine anger, thy justice,

Swift, swift let them prove-
The impious, ungrateful,

That laughed at thy love!

Grim death, thy red lightning
Upon them let rain;

Lest they deem thy loud thunder
But empty and vain!

Ast. List, Jove, the counsels prudent Rigour
give-

Apol. Nay, rather list, great sire, to Mercy's

voice!

Ast. Let not Astrea unavenged remain !

Apol. Let not my cares and hopes and prayers

be vain!

Ast. and Chorus of Virtues.

On the world which hath broken
The laws thou hast given,
Hurl swift as the lightning
The vengeance of Heaven!

Apol. and Chorus of Deities.

On the poor world with anguish
Eternally riven

Drop soft as the spring-shower
The mercy of Heaven.

Ast. and Chorus of Virtues.

'Tis the swift bolting thunder
Gives greatness to Jove-
Apol. and Chorus of Deities.

'Tis the mercy of Jove that
Exalts him above.

Jove. 'Tis true, ye gods, it seems impossible
To make man better and content his soul:
Yet 'tis not really so. This discord dire,
The opposite excesses, Virtue can,
And Virtue only, recompose to peace.
Full well she knows that Fortune is not blind-
No, nor a goddess neither; but the slave
Of a more noble god. She teaches men
To bear the inequalities of Chance,
Which are the laws whereby the world is ruled.
She self-love so extends that each partakes
The nature of the rest up to that whole
Of which each one is part. The passions she
Subjects to reason-slaves and servants all.

Rig. Few followers now will rigid Virtue find:
The world is pleasure-mad from end to end.
Mer. It may be Virtue strict is pleasure's foe-
But without her where shall poor mortals find
One single real and lasting source of joy
That is not fleeting nor doth rob the soul
Of its tranquillity-which doth not bring
Remorse and misery-which doth keep its word,
And all that first it promised doth fulfil.
Pleasure, be sure, that takes not hence its rise,
Is but disguisèd Pain-to whose false looks

Rig. Then, Jove, there is no plan whereby to Who trusts him hastens to embrace delight,

make

Men just and happy. Chastisement but serves
To make them base, and pardon insolent-
Alone they cannot, nor united, live-
Plenty corrupts them, misery weighs them down
Ignorance makes them forward, wisdom rash.

But finds too late sharp misery in his clasp.

Within the taper trembling bright
The child believes each fond delight-
Breathless with joy its flame surveys,
And wondering marks its varying rays. 9'0)

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Nay, hear me first,

Then judge if I doubt idly. When from men
With me the virtues were compelled to fly
Back to their native heaven, their robes they left
On earth the vices, then, when we were gone,
Enwrapped themselves therein, and apt and quick
To feign, in semblance counterfeit appeared.
Nor from that hour one vice so vile is seen
That is not in some virtue's cloak disguised.
Since that day Falsehood under Friendship's mask
Stabs in the dark, and hides his murderous hand.
Envy since then the face of Pity wears,
And bathed in tears accuses while she mourns.
Fear takes the mask of Prudence, and Revenge
Of Honour. Rashness boldly stalks abroad
Beneath the guise of Courage, and is praised,
While Cruelty itself brave Valour calls.
Darest thou then hope distinguishment in man
"Twixt Vice and Virtue? How-when name and

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Are common to them both throughout the world.

The rock that neath the ocean lies
Deludes the incautious seaman's eyes;
And who but would unfearful pass
The viewless serpent in the grass.
Himself so ill the fool defends
Who ne'er his danger comprehends,
That while in careless ease he lives,
Himself unto his foes he gives.

Jove. But if all earth should come to see the

fraud;

Jove. Be that my care.

Meanwhile
Calm thou thy wrath. To-day from out the skies
A noble soul into the world shall come
Informing such a lovely perfect mould
As shall a pattern for all virtue be.

She from a throne shall spring to grace the earth,
And be a law to man. Before her face
Each vice that now wears virtue's mask shall fly
As clouds draw back before the royal sun.

Apol. Astrea, wrath no longer wear thy looks.
Ast. What wrath but needs fall prone before such

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hand.

Heaven seconds well my wish. Now from this hour
Anew begins a line of happy days-
See where to earth, attended by the gods
Astrea-now once more appeased-descends.

[An important error having occurred in No. 5
of this series, I beg the reader to enclose in a
bracket the passage which begins at the fifth line of
page 352 of the June number, and ends at line
eighteen (from "O ruddier" to "throughout"),
and mark it as part of the note at the bottom of the
Aye, but 'twere hard page, thus "rendering unto Cæsar"-
-or rather Gay
-his own lyric.]

If Virtue true and certain should be known,
Might not the world be good and happy then?
And thou, Astrea, were but this performed,
Would'st thou not be appeased?
Ast.

To exccute.

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66

MRS. SMITH AND MRS. BROWN.

(A Domestic Dialogue.)

BY THE

66

EDITRESS.

-and you have had the luck to have treasures (trebly italicised); but as for me, servants are my torments. I sent off the whole pack last night, and have only a horrid charwoman in the house. Does your cook know of any friend she can recommend? That is what I wanted to ask | you,

Mrs. Smith. I hardly think it likely, but I' will ask Sarah if she knows any one. Cook is not at home; she is gone to the Exhibition.

that I saw so smart getting into the omnibus. Mrs. Brown. What again! Then it was she Well, I must say you spoil them.

Mrs. Smith. Smiling.] And yet I get on remarkably well. It is Cook's third visit. I actually sent her to-day because she had neglected to go over the Model Lodging Houses, and ! wished her so much to see them.

Mrs. Brown. My dear Mrs. Smith, what could it signify?

TIME-Morning, July, 1851. SCENE.-No 7, Victoria Terrace, near London. [MRS. SMITH having allowed her cook to go to the Exhibition, allows her housemaid to be generally busy in departments not usually pertain ing to the "neat-handed" Sarah; while Mrs. Smith herself, in morning dress, and remarkably pretty cap, dusts china ornaments in her own sweet little drawing-room," pulls down Venetian blinds to spare her Axminster, and arranges softly and lovingly a few books on an ornamental table: but she loiters in a manner that a deputy-housemaid ought not to do, dip. ping into the lovely illustrated Evangeline for full five minutes, still standing, but resting first on one side and then on the other, as little girls are always scolded for doing, and dropping into a chair, when in the dusting she glances at a page of the "Casa Guidi Windows," that had not struck her with its full force before. A patter of little feet is heard; the book is closed, and enter Susan the nursemaid, equipped for walking with Master Willy and Miss Katey, aged respectively four and two years. Bright eyes, soft, rosy cheeks, silken, curly locks, streaming beneath large sun-shading Leghorn hats; short full skirts, and little Katey's coquettish cazaweck, and snowy-white socks and coal-black polished leather shoes, must be shown to paint their picture. Several demonstrative hugs between mother and children, somewhat to the detriment if Mrs. Smith's cap, are accompanied by crowing laughter. "Dood-by, mamma; dood-by! Tusan take us to see the twans; and such a nice walk! Dood-by!" And the four impatient little feet scamper away; Mrs. Smith, watching them out of the gate, as she peers between the bars of the blind. Then with a sudden thought she unrolls some new music, opens the piano, and with the manner of a brilliant player when trying a strange piece, repeats one or two " queer passages three or four times. A sharp double knock is heard, and the busy Sarah shows in Mrs. Brown: civil neighbourly greetings ensue.] Mrs. Smith. I hardly remember how I proMrs. Brown. I heard the piano going, and so cured them; through some ordinary channel of judged you would see me, though it is hardly recommendation, I believe; and I know I reten o'clock; but neighbours ought to be neigh-ceived excellent characters, which experience bourly; and as I said to Mr. Brown, I was sure if you could help me you would.

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Mrs. Smith. I am sure anything I can doMrs. Brown. Oh, what a difference [Looking round with envious admiration]. You can sit down in comfort to music the first thing in the morning.

Mrs. Smith. It is not my usual time for playing, but my husband brought me home some new quadrilles and a polka last night; and as we are going to a little carpet dance to-night, where I may be useful, I thought I would try But what is it that I can do for

them over.

you, Mrs. Brown?

Mrs. Brown. [Sighing.] My dear, you are a young wife-not married above five or six years

Mrs. Smith. A good deal, I think. However, I do not wonder at the omission, as I believe on the first occasion she had no eyes for anything except the kitchen-ranges; her account of which interested me particularly. I know, with all my Friday and Saturday visits I have not found them out yet.

Mrs. Brown. Is it possible you talk to your servants in this way?

Mrs. Smith. Why not? I assure you we always consider our servants as humble friends, and interest ourselves in all that concerns them.

Mrs. Brown. But you wouldn't if you had such wretches as I have to deal with. Why in eight months I have had five cooks, three housemaids, and four little imps in buttons: they have nearly broken my heart, and quite made differences between Mr. Brown and me; and it has been so all my life. Oh, Mrs. Smith, how do you manage; and where did you get your servants from?

has convinced me they deserved. In fact I would not engage a servant unless her appearance, acquirements, and general recommendation were an earnest that she would suit. Then, when one has a good servant, kindness and consideration, with fair wages, will always keep her. In fact, I believe kindness is thought more of than wages by many; though we are of opinion that servants ought to receive good wagesenough to lay by for their old age.

Mrs. Brown, But they never do. It all goes in finery, and that is what I will not allow; it was a quarrel about a bonnet ribbon that made me part with Mary at last. I put up with her impudence for four months, but couldn't endure it any longer.

Mrs. Smith. Certain limits are no doubt desirable; but a thoroughly good and happy servant usually saves from her wages, and generally has sense enough not to dress absurdly. I do not care how good my servants' clothes are, both for the sake of their appearance and for economy, knowing well that cheap things are always the dearest in the end.

Mrs. Brown. [Shaking her head with the wisdom of forty-five addressing the inexperience of twenty-eight.] I see we shall never agree. I don't know what the world is coming to. Now there's the postman, I should not wonder if there are letters for the kitchen as well as for you.

Mrs. Smith. Very likely, for the servants have all relations in the country.

Enter SARAH, with a letter for Mrs. SMITH,

and another in her hand.

Mrs. Brown. [To Mrs. Smith.] May I ask

her?

Mrs. Smith. I was just going to do so. [To the housemaid.] Sarah, Mrs. Brown wants a Cook, do you know of one?

Sarah. I think I do. [Hesitates and stammers.] That is, no, I am afraid the young person I was thinking of would not suit you, ma'am. Mrs. Brown. Not suit me, Sarah? What do you mean? Is she honest, clean, sober? A good cook?

Sarah. [Indignant for her friend.] Oh, yes, ma'am, but-but perhaps she would not do. Mrs. Brown. Why not?

Sarah. You see, ma'am, it would be such a dreadful thing if she didn't suit, to lose a five years' character, and only leaving because her master has lost money, and is reducing his establishment; and she wants to stay with half wages, only he won't let her, and so she is teaching the eldest daughter to know about cooking; and so, ma'm, she couldn't leave yet, and of course you couldn't wait. No, I don't know any servant I am sure that I should like to recommend.

Mrs. Brown. [With a half glimmer that Sarah does know of a "treasure," but won't consign her to No. 5. Oh, very well, I don't wish it to

be considered a favour.

Sarah. Of course not, ma'am.

[Susan curtseys, and leaves the room. Mrs. Smith. [Almost timidly.] If it would not be considered presumptuous in me, so much younger a housekeeper, to give advice, I would say to you, when you can succeed in procuring good servants, to try the plan of treating them indulgently. They are our fellow-creatureswith the same hopes and desires, failings and weaknesses, and infirmities of temper-we must not expect perfection-and if we show them sympathy, it is astonishing the influence

Mrs. Brown. [Decidedly tartly.] Now I know what you are going to say; but I never will give in to those new-fangled notions. I won't allow followers, and I won't allow letter scribbling; and what I say in my own house shall be done, and I wont be answered by a minx;

and if I choose a thing to be done one way one day, and another way another, what's that to them? What business have they to say that I don't know my own mind, and begin to cry, and to talk about their characters?

Mrs. Smith. [A little warmly.] Oh, Mrs. Brown, anger often terrifies a timid girl, not naturally dull, into seeming stupidity and obstinacy. I pity them from my heart; and I deeply feel a mistress has grave responsibilities towards her female servants. Servitude at best is an abandonment of liberty, and must bring many trials; how cruel of us to make it needlessly bitter by our caprices and exactions. And on the other hand, what a happiness it is to feel oneself served from affection as well as duty. I speak from experience: our household is a household of love; these walls have never echoed to an angry reproof-there is no fear, lieve our servants feel it to be their home; it there is no deception in the house; and I bealways gladdens me when I hear them call

it so.

Mrs. Brown. It is all very fine, but how do you know that you are not cheated?

sides my own faith in those about me. I give Mrs. Smith. From many circumstances, beyou one for example: I know that our expenses are nearly a hundred a-year less than those of many friends who appear to live more plainly. waste, and all act without separate interests. But all in the house draw together to avoid The servants themselves are like sisters, and affectionate fellowship. If I give one of them a help one another-as is the case to-day-in holiday, I scarcely know the difference in the house. I know people say I have been particularly "fortunate;" but is it not strange, dear Mrs. Brown, that one person should have all the bad servants, and another all the good?

Mrs. Brown. Not at all, if you give them high wages, and let them have their own way.

Mrs. Smith. Not their own way, unless it is my way also. I assure you I am extremely particular; but then we are also very regular in like to be praised when I do well, why I give our habits; and knowing myself that I dearly praise to those about me when they deserve it.

Mrs. Brown. [Rising, and with a Burleigh shake of the head.] They won't bear it.

Mrs. Smith. Oh, yes they will—do try just for three months with your next set of servants. But don't go yet; here come the "trots" from their walk-you must see them.

Enter SUSAN and the children; the latter laden with hedge-flowers. Mrs. BROWN admires and caresses the children, whom SUSAN, at her mistress's bidding, has left in the drawing-room. Mrs. BROWN says something about "spoiling," which KATEY does not understand, though she opens her large eyes still wider, as if in the effort to comprehend. Kitchens in Victoriaterraces not being very remote from drawingrooms, a sound of bitter violent weeping is heard proceeding from the lower regions. Mrs. SMITH rushes to the stairs to ask what is the matter; Mrs. BROWN following, in charge of the children.

Sarah. Sympathetic, with her upron corner to her eye.] Oh, Ma'am, poor Susan has got a letter from home, and her sister that's been ill so long-that was in the hospital for months-is dying; the doctors say she cann't live three days. Mrs. Smith. [Going into the kitchen.] Oh, I am so sorry. Is it the poor girl that had the "housemaid's knee" from that hard place?

Sarah. Yes, Ma'am; the brutes that kept her scrubbing from morning till night; I wonder they cann't be hung for murder.

Mrs. Smith. Hush, Sarah; it will do no good to reproach them more. No doubt they have learned a lesson from their severity, and will regret it as long as they live. [To Susan: putting her hand kindly on her shoulder.] My poor girl, what can I do to comfort you?

Susan. [Sobbing violently.] Oh, Ma'am, she do so fret to see me once more! There's-only --a-a year between us; and we came up to London together.

Mrs. Smith. Then go to her, of course, by all

means.

Susan. [Sobbing still, and kissing one of Mrs. Smith's hands.] Oh, Ma'am, I was afraid Cook-being out-you couldn't let me; and if I don't go to-day I may never see her-againO, Ma'am-bless you!-bless you!-Ma'am. No one ever had such a mistress.

Mrs. Smith. Hush, my poor girl; try to be calm-she may recover still-doctors often make mistakes-and if not remember it is the will of God-and think how much your poor sister suffered. Sarah, fetch her a glass of wine, and then look for Bradshaw-it is in the breakfast-room--that we may see when the next train to Reading goes. That is the one she wants, is it not?

Exit SARAH, who returns with Bradshaw and a glass of wine. SUSAN revives a little. Bradshaw declares there is a mixed train 1 h. 55 m.; Mrs. Smith observes there is only just time to arrange, as there is a long omnibus ride to the station. SUSAN shakes her head at the mention of dinner, and Mrs. SMITH suggests to SARAH a packet of sandwiches to put into the traveller's bag.

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WILLY and KATEY promise to be very good with dear mamma, and kiss "poor" SUSAN— little lips trembling with the ready tears.

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SUPPLEMENTARY SCENE.-No. 5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown, anathematizing mutton-chops cooked (?) by charwoman.

Mr. Brown. [Crossly.] Mrs. B., as my mother, who was a Norfolk woman, used to say, "The proof of the pudding is in the eating ;" and I do maintain Smith's is the pleasantest house I know to go to: he never sits down to a dinner of fat and cinders I know-and what does it signify if she spoils the servants, if she gets the best sort of work out of them nevertheless. I never saw plate so polished -and they've no man. As for the spring-soup, the other day, it was fit for an alderman; and in the winter, that venison I shall never forget- why can't we have hot-water plates I should like to know.

Mrs. Brown. Brown, you are quite a brute to talk of such things at such a time--when you

know I am almost frantic.

Mr. Brown. I am not a brute; but this I do say, that the young wives seem to me in the main the best managers.

Mrs. Brown. You had better bury me-I shall soon be worried into my grave-and then you can have a young wife.

Mr. Brown. Don't talk like an old fool. Hang it-it is enough to make a man savagescold, scold, scold-change, change, change.

Mrs. Brown. [Weeping.] Because I get hold of a parcel of wretches, and Mrs. Smith has treasures.

Mr. Brown. I fancy she helps to make them treasures; and it isn't as if she could be very active in the house herself-I am sure she isn't; such a charming accomplished womanthe life and ornament of society and as prettyMrs. BROWN bursts into a fit of hysterics. Mr. BROWN acknowledges he is a brute, calls her "darling," and "dear Nancy," and the scene closes on mutual flatteries and condolence, Mr. B. promising never to set up Mrs. SMITH as a pattern again.

INTO SOCIETY.

(An American Sketch.)

MISS BREMER'S VISIT TO COOPER'S LANDING," &c., &c.

"Oh, Solitude, where are the charms
That sages have seen in thy face?"

Supposed to have been written by ALEXANDER SELKIRK.

"One might as well be out of the world as out of the fashion."

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