He called the Earl True Friend of the King, and Hákon, Son of Earl Sigurdr. And Thjódólfr sang thus concerning Haraldr:

And again:

About Ólafr's sire

Waxed the steel-knife-storm's ire,
That of wightness each deed

Is worthy fame's meed.

Jarizleifr could espy

Where the king passed by:
The brave, sainted lord's kin
Stoutly praise did win.

And again he sang:

Breath-bereft is he

Who o'er all bore the gree,-
Of chiefs kinsman mild,
Haraldr's brother's child.

Arnórr also sang thus in Rögnvaldr's Song of Praise:

Heiti's war-good kinsman

Made wedlock-kindred with me:
The earl's strong tie of marriage
Made honor to us rendered.

And again, concerning Earl Thorfinnr, he sang:

The thin-made swords bit keenly

Old Rögnvaldr's kin, to southward

Of Man, where rushed the strong hosts
Under the sheltering shield-rims.

And he

sang

further:

O God, guard the glorious
Kin-Betterer of great Turf-Einarr
From harm; I pray, show mercy
To him whom faithful chiefs love.

And Einarr Tinkling-Scale sang:

The House-Prop of the Kindred
Of Hilditönn shall not lack
Hardihood more munificent;

I am bound to maintain praises.

LIII. “How are the uninvolved terms of poesy made? By calling each thing by its proper name. What are the simple terms for poesy? It is called Poetry, Glorifying, Song, Laud, and Praise. Bragi the Old sang this, when he was travelling through a forest late at evening: a trollwoman hailed him in verse, asking who passed:

Trolls do call me

Moon's ...

. . . of the giant,

Storm-sun's (?) bale,

Fellow-in-misery of the sibyl,
Warder of the circled ring-earth,
Wheel-devourer of the heaven.

What is the troll but that?”

"Eru tröll-kenningar, sumar myrkar." Jónsson, p. 403.

He answered thus:

'Skalds do call me
Vidurr's Shape-Smith,
Gautr's Gift-Finder,
Bard not faulty,
Yggr's Ale-Bearer,
Song's Arrayer,

Skilled Smith of Verse:

What is the Skald but this?'

And as Kormákr sang:

I make more Glorifying

By far o'er Hákon's great son:
I pay him the song-atonement

Of the gods. In his wain Thor sitteth.

And as Thórdr Kolbeinsson sang:

The Shield-Maple let many swift ships
And merchant-craft, and speedy
War-boats o'er the sea pour;

The skald's ready Song of Laud waxed.

Laud, as Úlfr Uggason sang:

Here

poesy

Now the stream to the sea cometh;
But first the Laud I sang forth
Of the Messenger of Sword-Rain:
Thus I raise the praise of warriors.

is called praise also.

LIV. "How are the gods named? They are called Fetters, as Eyjólfr the Valiant Skald sang:

Eiríkr draws the lands beneath him

At the pleasure of the Fetters,
And fashions the Spear-Battle.

And Bonds, as Thjódólfr of Hvin sang:
The skilful God-Deceiver

To the Bonds proved a stern sharer
Of bones: the Helmet-Hooded
Saw somewhat hindered seething.'

Powers, as Einarr Tinkling-Scale sang:

I say, the Mighty Powers
Magnify Hákon's empire.

Jólnar, as Eyvindr sang:

We have fashioned
The Feast of Jólnar,
The Prince's praise-song,
Strong as a stone bridge.

Deities,' as Kormákr sang:

' See page 130.

2 This word, in the singular, is one of the names of Odin. I can find no etymology for it.

3 A rare and doubtful word. According to Cl.-Vig., the word occurs only twice: Yngl. S., ch. ii, and here. Cl.-Vig. holds that the word probably means priests: "The diar of the Yngl. S. were probably analogous to the Icel. godi, from god (deus)" (p. 100).

The Giver of Lands, who bindeth

The sail to the top, with gold-lace

Honors him who pours Deities' verse-mead;
Odin wrought charms on Rindr.'

LV. "These names of the heavens are recorded (but we have not found all these terms in poems; and these skaldic terms, even as others, are not meet for use in skaldic writing, methinks, unless one first find such names in the works of Chief Skalds): Heaven, Hlýrnir, Heidthornir, StormMímir, Long-Lying, Light-Farer, Driving, Topmost Sky, Wide-Fathom, Vet-Mímir, Lightning, Destroyer, WideBlue. The solar planet is called Sun, Glory, Ever-Glow, All-Bright, Sight, Fair Wheel, Healing Ray, Dvalinn's Playmate, Elfin-Beam, Doubtful-Beam, Luminary. The lunar planet is called Moon, Waxer, Waner, Year-Teller, Mock-Sun, Fengari, Glamour, Haster, Crescent, Glare.

LVI. "Which are the simple terms for Earth? She is called
Earth, as Thjódólfr sang:

The hardy Point-Rain's Urger
Oft caused the harsh sword-shower,
Ere under him the broad Earth
With battle he subjected.

Field, as Óttarr sang:

The Prince guards the Field:
Few kings are so mighty;

I See page 100.

2 "Byzant. Þeyyápɩ; an äπ. Xey.” (Cl.-Vig., p. 151).