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Firmly forthwith was fastened
To the Fosterer of Skadi;

To Jötunheim's Strong Dweller
The pole stuck, and the fingers
Of Loki too, companion

Of Hænir, clung to the pole's end. ·

The Bird of Blood flew upward
(Blithesome in his quarry)

A long way off with Loki,
The lither God, that almost
Wolf's Sire was rent asunder;
Thor's friend must sue for mercy,
Such peace as he might purchase
To pray: nigh slain was Loptr.

Then Hymir's Kinsman ordered
The crafty god, pain-maddened,
To wile to him the Maiden
Who warded the Æsir's age-cure;
Ere long the necklace-robber,
Brísinga's thief, lured slyly

The Dame of Brunnakr's brooklet
Into the Base One's dwelling.

At that the steep slope-dwellers
No sorrow felt; then Idunn
Was from the south, by giants
New-stolen, come among them.
All Ingvi-Freyr's high kindred,
Hoary and old, to council

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This heard I, that the Staunch Friend

Of Hœnir-oft thereafter

With wiles he tricked the Esir

Flew, in hawk-wings hidden;

And the vile Sire of Giants,
Vigorous Wing-Plume-Wielder,
Hurtled on eagle-pinion
After the hawk-shaped Loki.

Swiftly the gods have kindled
A fire; and the sovereign rulers
Sustained the flame with shavings:
Scorched was the flying giant,—
He plunged down in mid-soaring:
'Tis pictured on the giant's
Sole-bridge, the shield which, painted
With stories, Thórleifr gave me.]

"This is the correct manner of periphrasing the Æsir: To call each of them by the name of another, and to designate him in terms of his works or his possessions or his kindred.

XXIII. "How should the heaven be periphrased? Thus: call it Skull of Ymir, and hence, Giant's Skull; Task or Burden of the Dwarves, or Helm of Vestri and Austri, Sudri, or Nordri; Land of the Sun, of the Moon, and of the 1 "Brjálaður texti❞— Jónsson, Edda (Reykjavik, 1907), p. 384. The condition of the text makes translation impossible.

Stars of Heaven, of the Wains and the Winds; Helm, or House, of the Air and the Earth and the Sun. So sang Arnórr Earls'-Skald:

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And as Thjódólfr of Hvin sang:

Jörd's Son drove to the steel-play
(High swelled the godlike anger
In the mind of Meili's Brother),

And the Moon-Way 'neath him quivered.

Even as sang Ormr Barrey's-Skald:

Lady of Draupnir's gore-streak,

However

great I know him,

The wielder (by right he ruleth)
Of the Wain's Road sees me gladly.

Even as the skald Bragi sang:

He who threw the dead eyes

Of Thjazi, Skadi's father,
Into the Winds' Wide Basin

O'er the abodes of men-folk many.

And as Markús sang:

'Tis long since the dear-loved Warder

Of sea-men was born on the wave-girt earth-bottom
Of the Storm-Container; each man praises

The sublime age of the Ring-Dispenser..

Even as Steinn Herdísarson sang:

I sing the holy Ruler

Of the high World-Tent rather
Than men, for very precious
Is He: His praises tell I.

And as Arnórr Earls'-Skald sang:

Help, dear King of Heaven,
The Day's Plain, help my Hermundr.

And as Arnórr sang further:

Soothfast King of the Sun-Tents,
Help stout-hearted Rögnvaldr.

And as Hallvardr sang:

Knútr wards the land, as the Ruler

Of All wards the radiant Fell-Hall.

As Arnórr sang:

Michael, wise of understanding,

Weighs what seems done ill, and good things:.
Then the Monarch of the Sun's Helm

At the Doom-Seat parts all mortals.

XXIV. "How should one periphrase the earth? Thus: by calling her Flesh of Ymir, and Mother of Thor, Daughter of Ónarr, Odin's Bride, Co-Wife of Frigg and Rindr and Gunnlöd, Mother-in-law of Sif, Floor and Bottom of the Storm-Hall, Sea of Beasts, Daughter of Night, Sister of Audr and of Day. Even as Eyvindr Skald-Despoiler sang:

As

sang

Now the beaming gold is hidden

In the body of the Mother
Of the Giants' Foe; the counsels
Of a kindred strong are mighty.

Hallfredr Troublous-Skald:

In council 't was determined

That the King's friend, wise in counsel,
Should wed the Land, sole Daughter
Of Ónarr, greenly wooded.

And he said further:

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