6. Steenkirk: In Belgium, where the English, under William III, were defeated by the French in 1692.

7. Smoke: Sneer at, ridicule an obsolete usage.

No. 35.

1. Motto: 'Made up of nought but inconsistencies." 2. By A. Phillips, first published 1712.

3. Author: Steele; see the Tatler No. 38.

4. Eustace Budgell.

5. Mrs. Oldfield (1683-1730): A famous English actress of the time.

6. Andromache: The heroine of the play. Andromache was the wife of Hector of Troy in Homer's Iliad.

7. Paul Lorrain: The warden of Newgate Prison at this time. See the Tatler, No. 63.

No. 36.

1. Motto: "The savage lioness hunts the wolf, the wolf puruses the goat, the goat seeks the blossoming clover." 2. Lay: Bet.

3. Put: Clown.

4. Jointure: An estate settled on a wife.

5. Lyon's Inn: An inn belonging to the Inner Temple. 6. The book I had considered last Saturday: The tenth book of Paradise Lost, the subject of No. 357 of the Spec

tator.

7. Milton: John Milton, one of the greatest of English poets, author of Paradise Lost. The passage here is quoted incorrectly. Find and verify the quotation.

No. 37.

1. Motto: "A beauteous garden, but by vice maintained." 2. Spring Garden: Or Vauxhall. A famous pleasure resort on the Thames River, now vanished.

3. La Hogue: On the northwest of France, off which the English gained a splendid victory over the French fleet in 1692.

4. Put: Rustic, clown. An obsolete word.

5. Mask: One who wears a mask.

No. 38.

1. Motto:

""Tis not the place disgust or pleasure brings: From our own mind our satisfaction springs."

2. Tully, Marcus Tullius Cicero (B.c. 106-43): A Roman

orator.

3. Michaelmas: The feast of the archangel Michael; a church festival celebrated on the 29th of September, hence colloquially autumn.

No. 39.

1. Motto:

No. 40.

Mirror of ancient faith!

Undaunted worth! Inviolable truth!"

Dryden.

1. Motto: "No one ever had a plan of life so well arranged but that circumstances, age, experience may bring new knowledge, new aims; what you think you know, you may not know; and that you thought most desirable, on trial you may reject."

2. Beings: Abodes, places of residence.

3. Into some being in the world: Getting established in life.

4. Infant: A person who is under age.

5. Apprenticeship: According to the English law at that time no person was allowed to practice an art or trade who had not served an apprenticeship of seven years.

6. Journey work: Work of one who has learned his trade.

7. Glorious events:

Consult histories and name some

of the events to which Steele refers.

8. Colonel Camperfelt: Colonel Kempenfelt, lieutenantgovernor of Jersey. It has been suggested that he was the model for Captain Sentry.

EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

BY

Cornelia Beare, Instructor in English, White Plains High School, White Plains, N. Y.

No. 1. THE SPECTATOR'S ACCOUNT OF HIMSELF.

Compare the Spectator's account of himself with the story of Addison's life. How much may be considered autobiographical? What traits have the two in common? Describe the coffee-houses of the day, indicating their influence on men, manners, and literature, and comparing them with modern clubs. Give some account of those here mentioned, instancing Dryden's connection with Will's coffee-house. Justify the choice of "The Spectator" as a

pen name.

In this, and in all succeeding papers, make notes of all obsolete or altered words and phrases, give their modern equivalents and show which is the more significant. In each paragraph note how transition is secured, indicate where it is placed, show whether it is perspective or retrospective, indicate an amplifying or a propositional paragraph; show how summarizing sentences or clauses are indicated. Keep a list of both transitional and summarizing expressions, indicating whether they are Addison's or Steele's.

No. 2. THE CLUB.

What is Sir Roger's most marked trait? Do his eccentricities add to or detract from this? Compare this description with Addison's description of the Spectator. What differences and what similarity in the methods used? Com259

pare with Irving's description of Squire Bracebridge. Which of the other members are distinct personalities? Show wherein the club affords an excellent field for the Spectator's favorite pastime, observation. Criticise Sir Andrew's views on commerce and war, comparing with modern views, and with Tennyson's in the Princess, Canto V, ll. 409-413. Criticise Captain Sentry's views on the duty of pushing one's self forward. Compare Will Honeycomb with the others. Contrast all with Sir Roger, showing how all serve as foils for him. No. 3. UNWISE AMBITION.

Explain what is meant by "parts." (Compare Locke's Essay on the Understanding, Sect. 2, 'Parts.") Explain what is meant by "abuse of the understanding." Give, in your own words, Sir Roger's views as to why "only men of fine parts should be hanged." Criticise them. Criticise the statements, "The affectation of being gay and in fashion has very near eaten up our good sense and our religion," and "Nothing should be held laudable or becoming but what nature itself prompts us to think so."

No. 4. SIR ROGER AT THE CLUB.

Compare the opening paragraph with your answer to the question, Wherein did the club offer an excellent field for the Spectator's favorite pastime, — observation? Compare the personality of the club members here, as shown by their comments, etc., with that given them by Steele in No. 2, indicating any differences, and showing if the unity of the character has been kept.

No. 5. A LADY'S LIBRARY.

In the description of Leonora's library, what touches of sarcasm? Is it unkind? true of women to-day? What of her choice of books? Show humor in Addison's comments in various ones in the list. Compare Leonora's life with that of the perverse widow. Explain why the Spectator "looks upon her with a mixture of admiration and pity."

No. 6. SIR ROGER AT HIS COUNTRY HOUSE.

What has been told previously of Sir Roger as landlord and as master? Does it agree with what Addison says of him here? In Macaulay's Addison read paragraphs 85-89. Illustrate as far as possible what is said there of Addison's humor, from this and the succeeding sketches. What difference is there between the humor here and that of Steele in his description of the club members, in the interview with the widow, etc.? Show how the eccentricities spoken of by Steele in No. 2 are here developed by Addison. Criticise Sir Roger's choice of chaplain and his means of securing good

sermons.

No. 7. SIR ROGER'S SERVANTS.

Write a paragraph of 250 to 300 words, imitating as nearly as possible Addison's simplicity and directness of style, and making the paragraph complete on the theme, "Sir Roger as a Master." Criticise Sir Roger's way of rewarding faithful service. Show how the trait given by Steele as the central feature of his character persists throughout, as well as do his eccentricities. Compare this view by Steele with that in No. 6 by Addison.

No. 8. WILL WIMBLE.

Show how the whole sketch shows the folly of the English feeling that "trade" is disgraceful. Is there anything malicious in it? If so, where? Show how Will Wimble harmonizes with Coverley Hall and its master. What makes the Spectator find him so interesting?

No. 9. SIR ROGER'S ANCESTORS.

Had you anticipated Sir Roger's pride in his ancestors? Why? Compare "the finest gentleman in the world" with Will Honeycomb. Do you find in Sir Roger any of the traits of his ancestors? If so, which? Compare him with Sir Humphrey.