several interests," and "upon the filing and confirmation of the commissioners' report that the cause be referred to a master in chancery to hear proof and ascertain the costs of the proceeding, including reasonable solicitor's fees." The decree also provided for an accounting. The commissioners' report was approved December 17, 1897. An accounting was found to have been made and satisfied, and the cause was thereupon referred to a master to ascertain and fix the fees for complainant's solicitors, and to apportion the same, together with the other costs, among the parties according to their interests. The master made a report recommending fees to complainant's solicitors, and July 19, 1905, the trial court entered a decree allowing complainant's solicitors $4000, apportioned among the parties to the suit as follows: Appellee Young $1629.03, the heirs of William B. Brayton $1307.50, and the balance to appellant. Appeal was prayed by appellees herein from this last decree to the Appellate Court, and that court held that these amounts were improperly charged to appellees.

KENNER S. BOREMAN, for appellant.

HOLDEN & BUZZELL, for appellees.

Mr. JUSTICE CARTER delivered the opinion of the court: Appellant insists that the decree entered July 13, 1897, was final in character, not only as to fixing the title to the property in the partition proceedings, but as to the costs, including the fees of complainant's solicitors. It will be noted that that decree did not fix the solicitor's fees, but only provided that a reasonable solicitor's fee be apportioned among the parties according to their several interests, and that no final action was to be taken as to the amount of the fees until the confirmation of the commissioners' report, which was to be made thereafter. No substantial steps were taken as to the allowing of fees until long after the decree

of December 17, 1897. The decree was final only as to the rights and interests of the various parties in the premises in question. This appeal does not question those rights. That decree was merely interlocutory as to the costs, and there was no final decree as to solicitor's fees until the confirmation of the report of the master recommending them. and their allowance by the chancellor in the decree here appealed from, entered July 19, 1905. The following authorities fully sustain this conclusion: Adamski v. Wieczorek, 170 Ill. 373; Glos v. Clark, 199 id. 147; Gray v. Ames, 220 id. 251; Crowe v. Kennedy, 224 id. 526. The case of Lilly v. Shaw, 59 Ill. 72, cited by appellant, in no way conflicts with this finding. There the decree had fixed and finally allowed solicitor's fees and was set aside after the term had gone by, the court attempting to change the amount of the fees. This case is in full harmony with the decisions cited above, as is Allison v. Drake, 145 Ill. 500.

It is further urged that the trial court's rulings, on the showing in this record, should have been sustained and complainant's solicitor's fees allowed under section 40 of chapter 106. (Hurd's Stat. 1905, p. 1497.) This statute is given in full, with a careful review of the authorities on the question, in McMullen v. Reynolds, 209 Ill. 504, and therefore it is unnecessary in this case to do more than set out briefly the facts in this record bearing on the question and apply the law as there laid down.

A study of the evidence here clearly discloses that these partition proceedings were not amicable. The testimony of William B. Brayton was taken before his death, and among other things he stated that appellant wanted said Brayton and appellee Young to take the town and farm property and give appellant the city property, and wanted them also to buy the appellant's dower rights; that they (Brayton and Young) wanted appellant to hold his dower rights in the property during his lifetime; that they had several meetings on this question at which no understanding was ar

rived, but at their last meeting it was agreed to meet in the office of appellant's counsel on the following Wednesday, and that such meeting was not held because they learned that appellant had in the meantime started this proceeding. It is admitted that there was a dispute as to the question of dower before the starting of these proceedings, although it is claimed by appellant that he wanted his dower set off in fee so as to avoid future trouble between the parties. It is also admitted that there was a matter of accounting between them which was not adjusted before the suit was started. Complainant's solicitor, who was allowed fees by the chancellor, testified that there was a disagreement among the heirs; that "the parties were a good way apart as to their respective rights," and that he did his best to adjust matters without a hot contest but finally made up his mind that a suit was necessary; that after it was started he had many interviews with the attorneys for various of the appellees, getting nearer together at every interview but not sufficiently to warrant a settlement out of court. After the decree was entered to appoint commissioners, appellant recommended one commissioner and appellees another, and the record tends strongly to show that it was agreed that the two commissioners should recommend a third, and that one was so recommended; that after the third commissioner had examined the property and had expressed his views as to the values, appellant entered objections to the choosing of a third commissioner by the two other commissioners, and the court finally appointed another commissioner. There also appears to have been a wide difference of opinion among the parties as to the value of certain pieces of property.

Where the proceedings are plainly amicable and there is no substantial contest as to the rights and interests of any of the parties it would be injustice to all to encourage the employment of counsel by defendants. A contest, to warrant such employment, while not necessarily successful in its termination, should be of a substantial character, and not

merely formal, frivolous or vexatious. (Bliss v. Seeley, 191 Ill. 461; Walker v. Tink, 159 id. 323.) We do not wish to be understood as intimating that in this case appellant or his counsel were actuated by improper motives in claiming what they did for appellant. Apparently there was an honest difference of opinion, not only between the parties to the proceedings but between their counsel, as to the rights of the various owners and the best way to adjust them. But here, as in the case of McMullen v. Reynolds, supra, the property to be divided was valuable, as finally appraised amounting to $124,000. The parties from the first were unable to agree upon the division. Counsel were employed by appellees, long before these proceedings were begun, to protect their interests and to secure their just proportion of the properties. It would be inequitable on this record to require the defendants in the partition proceeding not only to pay their own counsel but a part of the fees of complainant's counsel. The facts in this case are very similar to those in McMullen v. Reynolds, supra, and we can see no good reason why the conclusion reached in that case should not apply with equal force here. See, also, Hartwell v. DeVault, 159 Ill. 325; Gehrke v. Gehrke, 190 id. 166; Bliss v. Seeley, supra.

We think the Appellate Court was right in holding that the decree of December 17, 1897, was not final as to the solicitor's fees, and that therefore the appeal was properly allowed from the decree of July 19, 1905, fixing the fees, and that the Appellate Court was also right, on the facts in this record, in refusing to allow a part of the fees of complainant's solicitors to be taxed against appellees.

The judgment of the Appellate Court will accordingly be affirmed. Judgment affirmed.

WESLEY M. OWEN, Exr.

V.

CHARLES A. CRUMBAUGH et al.

Opinion filed June 19, 1907-Rehearing denied October 9, 1907.

1. WILLS-a belief resting upon evidence is not an insane delusion. A belief in the existence or non-existence of certain facts or phenomena which results from a process of reasoning, based upon some sort of evidence, is not an insane delusion, even though the process of reasoning is imperfect and the conclusion is illogical.

2. SAME what is essential to constitute an insane delusion. An insane delusion must be such an aberration as indicates an unsound or deranged condition of the mind regarding a fallacy that can be demonstrated as distinguished from a mere belief in the existence or non-existence of supposed facts or phenomena based upon some sort of evidence.

3. SAME a belief in the doctrines of spiritualism is not insanity. An absolute belief in the doctrines of spiritualism, even though it influences the testator to leave a large portion of his property for the establishment of a spiritualist church, is not evidence of insanity such as justifies setting aside the will, in the face of evidence showing that the testator in his business relations was capable and rational, and acted with the judgment, prudence and foresight possessed by successful business men.

4. SAME-attributing escapes from death to spirit guidance is not an insane delusion. The fact that a man who has narrowly escaped accidental death on several occasions attributes his escape to the guidance of a guardian spirit, instead of to intuition, good luck or the act of God, is not evidence of an insane delusion.

5. SAME when testimony of expert that testator was insane is of little value. Where the preponderance of the evidence shows that a testator, at the time of making his will, was in full possession and proper exercise of all his mental faculties, an opinion of a medical expert, based upon a hypothetical state of facts not inconsistent with legal sanity, that the testator was insane is of little weight, and does not, of itself, justify the court in refusing to direct a verdict in favor of the proponents.

6. SAME facts stated in contestant's hypothetical question must be incompatible with sanity. A verdict of sanity should be directed by the court notwithstanding the testimony of medical experts that the testator was insane on the subject of spiritualism when he made his will, if such testimony is given in answer to a hypothetical ques