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THE NEW

INTERNATIONAL

YEAR BOOK

A COMPENDIUM OF THE WORLD'S
PROGRESS

FOR THE YEAR

1922

EDITOR

FRANK MOORE COLBY, M.A.

NEW YORK

DODD, MEAD AND COMPANY

1923

COPYRIGHT, 1923, BY

DODD, MEAD & CO., INC.

VAIL BALLOU

COMPANY
BINGHAMTON AND NEW YORK

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The present volume, covering the year 1922, is the twenty-first since the work was begun in 1898 and the sixteenth in the new series beginning in 1907. Among the leading topics may be mentioned: In the political and economic field in this country, the November Elections (article UNITED STATES), the two great strikes of the coal miners and the railway shopmen, in many respects the most formidable and significant in our entire strike record (article STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS), the debate on IMMIGRATION and the continuance of the present restriction policy, the TARIFF, UNEMPLOYMENT, financial recovery (article FINANCIAL REVIEW), and the general improvement in economic conditions as shown in the articles on AGRICULTURE and agricultural subjects, on the leading industries, COAL, IRON AND STEEL, PETROLEUM, and other minerals, SHIPBUILDING, AUTOMOBILES, the ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, MOVING PICTURES, RADIO BROADCASTING, etc., AERONAUTICS, etc., and in the articles on CHEMISTRY, INDUSTRIAL, and the various engineering subjects, such as BRIDGES, TUNNELS, CANALS, PORTS AND HARBORS, etc. In international affairs the chief topics are the Reparations Problem and the events that led up to the French invasion of the Ruhr soon after the close of the year's record; the Dardanelles Crisis following the Greek defeat and the burning of Smyrna; the Conferences of Washington, Genoa, and Lausanne; the change of economic policy in Soviet RUSSIA, etc., discussed in the articles on the great Powers and under WAR OF THE NATIONS.

In the scientific, educational, literary, dramatic, and artistic fields, selection is difficult owing to the number and diversity of the topics, but among the matters that drew especially the popular attention may perhaps be mentioned: Intelligence Tests (articles PSYCHOLOGY and UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES), findings confirmatory of the Einstein Theory (PHYSICS), Heredity and Evolution (ZoÖLOGY), AUTO-SUGGESTION, and the new literary and dramatic movements (DRAMA; LITERATURE, ENGLISH, AND AMERICAN; FRENCH LITERATURE; GERMAN LITERATURE, etc.).

FRANK MOORE COLBY.

EDITOR

FRANK MOORE COLBY, M. A.

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

AGRICULTURE, BOTANY, FOOD, FORESTRY, HORTICULTURE, RECLAMATION, ETC.

EDWIN WEST ALLEN, PH.D.,

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, AND

ALFRED CHARLES TRUE, PH.D.,

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE; E. H. SHINN (AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION); WALTER H. EVANS, PH.D. (BOTANY AND PLANT DISEASES); JOHN I. SCHULTE (CROP PRODUCTION); CARL W. LARSON (DAIRYING); WALTER H. BEAL (FERTILIZERS AND SOILS); HOWARD L. KNIGHT (FOOD AND NUTRITION; AGRICULTURAL LEGISLATION); J. E. WELLINGTON (HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY); RAY P. TEELE (RECLAMATION); E. W. SHEETS (STOCK RAISING); AND WILLIAM A. HOOKER (VETERINARY MEDICINE). ANTHROPOLOGY (WITH ETHNOLOGY) ROBERT H. LOWIE, PH.D.,

AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL

AND

CLARK WISSLER, PH.D.,

HISTORY,

AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.

ARCHAEOLOGY

OLIVER SAMUEL TONKS., PH.D., PROFESSOR OF ART, VASSAR College.

ARCHITECTURE

C. MATLACK PRICE,

FORMERLY EDITOR OF THE Architectural Record.

ASTRONOMY, METEOROLOGY EDGAR W. WOOLARD,

UNITED STATES WEATHER BUREAU.

CHEMISTRY; EXPOSITIONS; CELEBRATIONS

MARCUS BENJAMIN, PH.D., Sc.D., LL.D., EDITOR FOR THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.

CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING SUBJECTS; AERONAUTICS; ETC.

HERBERT TREADWELL WADE,

LATE CAPTAIN, ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, U. S. ARMY.

DRAMA (AMERICAN AND ENGLISH)
OLIVER MARTIN SAYLER, M.A.,
DRAMATIC CRITIC, AUTHOR OF The Russian
Theatre under the Revolution.

ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL
SCIENCE SUBJECTS
EDITORIAL STAFF.

EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
MILO B. HILLEGAS, PH.D.,

FORMERLY COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION OF VERMONT.

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