This beautiful moth occurs in Arizona and northern Mexico. (4) Hemileuca tricolor Packard, Plate XII, Fig. 9, 3. (The Tricolor Buck-moth.)

This species, like the preceding, is found in Arizona and in New Mexico. The larvæ feed upon the Grease-wood, according to report.

Genus PSEUDOHAZIS Grote & Robinson

This is a small genus of rather striking and exceedingly variable insects, the life histories of which have not been as thoroughly studied as is desirable. The moths appear to be diurnal in their habits, and may be found in vast numbers in the morning hours on bright days in their favorite haunts in the region of the Rocky Mountains. I have found them particularly abundant about Laramie Peak in Wyoming in the latter part of June and July. They appear to frequent flowers in company with diurnal lepidoptera, as the various species of Argynnis, and they may then be easily taken. Their flight is rapid. They are characteristic of the country of the sage-brush, and the ranges of the western sheep-herder.

(1) Pseudohazis eglanterina Boisduval.

Form nuttalli Strecker, Plate IX, Fig. 7, 8; Plate XI, Fig. 5, 8. (Nuttall's Sheep-moth.)

Syn. shastaensis Behr; denudata Neumogen.

The two figures given on our plates show two forms of this well-known insect. Whatever the amount of black or purple upon the fore wings the specimens may always be distinguished from others by the presence just beyond the discal spot of the fore wings of a longitudinal dash of Indian yellow. This is characteristic, and I have never failed to find it in a long series of specimens, no matter how the other markings varied.

(2) Pseudohazis hera Harris, Plate IX, Fig. 8, 8. (The Hera Moth.)

Form pica Walker, Plate XI, Fig. 3, 8; Fig. 4, 9. (The Magpie Moth.)

This extremely variable moth is represented by the typical form in the figure given upon Plate IX, and in the figures given upon Plate XI by two specimens showing the form, which is

most common in Colorado and Wyoming, in which the wings are greatly suffused with black. To this form Walker's name pica properly applies.

FAMILY CERATOCAMPIDÆ

"In Nature's infinite book of secrecy

A little I can read."-SHAKESPEARE.

This family contains moths of large or medium size, the larvæ of which do not produce cocoons, but undergo transformation in the ground. The larvæ are generally more or less ornamented with spines and bristly protuberances. The moths have the tongue developed, but nevertheless feebly. The tibial spurs are present. The frenulum is lacking. The genera belonging to this family are American, and only five of them occur within our faunal limits.

Genus ANISOTA Hübner

Of the five species, recognized as belonging to this genus and occurring within our borders, we have selected three for representation. Anisota senatoria, a common species found in the Atlantic States, is distinguished from its very near ally, Anisota virginiensis, not only by marked differences in the larval stage, but by the fact that the females are almost exactly like the female of Anisota stigma, profusely covered with black spots or frecklings on the wings, while the females of virginiensis, as shown in the plate, are almost wholly destitute of such spots. The males of these two species are almost alike, the only difference being that the male insect in the case of virginiensis is somewhat darker than in the case of Anisota senatoria, and less ochreous. (1) Anisota stigma Fabricius, Plate XI, Fig. 9, 8; Fig. 10, . (The Stigma Moth.)

The caterpillar feeds upon various species of oak. It is ornamented with short spines upon the segments, arranged in rows, those on the second segment from the head being long and recurved. The color of the larvæ at maturity is a dull reddish brown, marked with small creamy-white and gray punctulations. The insect occurs in the Appalachian faunal region, from Canada to the Carolinas, and westward to Kansas and Missouri.

(2) Anisota virginiensis Drury, Plate VIII, Fig. 9, 8; Fig. 10, 9. (The Virginian Anisota.)

Syn astymone Olivier; pellucida Herrich-Schæffer.

The male insect has the fore wings almost transparent about the middle, as is the case with Anisota senatoria, as has already been pointed out, but the female is not heavily spotted, as is the case in that species. The caterpillar feeds upon oaks. The moth has the same geographical distribution as the preceding species. (3) Anisota rubicunda Fabricius, Plate VIII, Fig. 11, 3. (The Rosy Maple-moth.)

The larva of this beautiful moth feeds commonly upon the silver-maple, which in many of our western cities has been extensively planted as a shade-tree. The depredations it commits upon the foliage have subjected it to the indignation of arboriculturists. It was

formerly very common in the city of Pittsburgh, but for many years past it has almost entirely disappeared, so that it is now regarded as a rather rare insect by local collectors. The disappearance of the moth is due no doubt to the combined influence of the electric lights, which annually destroy millions of

FIG. 46.-Anisota rubicunda. a. larva; b. pupa; c. female moth. (After Riley.)

insects, which are attracted to them, and to gas-wells, and furnaces, which lick up in their constantly burning flames other millions of insects. Perhaps the English sparrow has also had a part in the work of extermination. In Kansas the insect is very common. I recently saw in the city of Atchison numerous maples, which had almost been stripped of their leaves by these larvæ. The range of the insect is practically the same as that of the other species of the genus.